Solutions Practice Test

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Water in air is an example of which solute-solvent combination?

a. gas-liquid c. liquid-liquid
b. liquid-gas d. gas-gas
____ 2. Sugar dissolved in water is an example of which solute-solvent combination?
a. gas-liquid c. solid-liquid
b. liquid-liquid d. liquid-solid
____ 3. A substance whose water solution is a poor conductor of electricity is a(n)
a. polar substance. c. electrolyte.
b. nonelectrolyte. d. ionic substance.
____ 4. Which of the following is a nonelectrolyte?
a. sodium chloride c. sugar
b. hydrogen chloride d. potassium chloride
____ 5. Substances whose water solutions conduct electricity easily
a. require carbon to decompose in water.
b. ionize in water.
c. do not dissolve in water.
d. contain neutral solute molecules.
____ 6. Increasing the surface area of the solute
a. increases the rate of dissolution.
b. decreases the rate of dissolution.
c. has no effect on the rate of dissolution.
d. can increase, decrease, or have no effect on the rate of dissolution.
____ 7. Which of the following decreases the average kinetic energy of solvent molecules?
a. decreasing the pressure
b. not stirring the solution
c. decreasing the contact area between solvent and solute
d. decreasing the temperature
____ 8. Raising solvent temperature causes solvent-solute collisions to become
a. less frequent and more energetic. c. less frequent and less energetic.
b. more frequent and more energetic. d. more frequent and less energetic.
____ 9. If the amount of solute present in a solution at a given temperature is less than the maximum amount that can
dissolve at that temperature, the solution is said to be
a. saturated. c. supersaturated.
b. unsaturated. d. concentrated.
____ 10. "Like dissolves like" is a very general rule used for predicting whether
a. one substance will form a solution with another.
b. one substance will react with another.
c. a reaction will reach equilibrium.
 d. a mixture will contain two or three phases.
____ 11. Which of the following is an example of a nonpolar solvent?
a. water c. Both (a) and (b)
b. toluene d. Neither (a) nor (b)
____ 12. During the dissolving process, which particles interact?
a. solute only c. solute and solvent
b. solvent only d. None of the above
____ 13. Effervescence is the
a. dissolution of gas in liquid.
b. escape of gas from a gas-liquid solution.
c. escape of liquid from a liquid-liquid solution.
d. escape of solid from a solid-liquid solution.
____ 14. As temperature increases, solubility of solids in liquids
a. always increases. c. usually increases.
b. always decreases. d. usually decreases.
____ 15. A molar solution of CaCl2 contains
a. one mole of CaCl2 for every mole of solution.
b. one mole of CaCl2 for every liter of solution.
c. one liter of CaCl2 for every liter of solution.
d. one liter of CaCl2 for every mole of solution.
____ 16. How many moles of HCl are present in 0.70 L of a 0.33 M HCl solution? (molar mass of HCl = 36.46 g/mol)
a. 0.23 mol c. 0.38 mol
b. 0.28 mol d. 0.47 mol
____ 17. An NaOH solution contains 1.90 mol of NaOH, and its concentration is 0.555 M. What is its volume? (molar
mass of NaOH = 40.00 g/mol)
a. 0.623 L c. 1.05 L
b. 0.911 L d. 3.42 L
____ 18. An equation for the dissociation of an ionic solid shows
a. the solid on the left side and aqueous ions on the right side.
b. an aqueous solid on the left side and ions on the right side.
c. aqueous ions on the left side and the solid on the right side.
d. ions on the left side and an aqueous solid on the right side.
____ 19. How many moles of ions are produced by the dissociation of 1 mol of Al2(CO3)3?
a. 2 mol c. 5 mol
b. 4 mol d. 11 mol
____ 20. Which of the following is the right side of the equation for dissolving K2S(s)?
a. 2K+(aq) + S2–(aq) c. K2+(aq) + S2–(aq)
b. K (aq) + S2–(aq) d. 2K(aq) + S(aq)

____ 21. When solutions of two ionic compounds are combined and a solid forms, the process is called
a. hydration. c. solvation.
b. precipitation. d. dissociation.
 Use the table below to answer the following questions.

General Solubility Guidelines

1. Most sodium, potassium, and ammonium compounds are soluble in water.
2. Most nitrates, acetates, and chlorates are soluble.
3. Most chlorides are soluble, except those of silver, mercury(I), and lead. Lead(II) chloride
is soluble in hot water.
4. Most sulfates are soluble, except those of barium, strontium, and lead.
5. Most carbonates, phosphates, and silicates are insoluble, except those of sodium,
potassium, and ammonium.
6. Most sulfides are insoluble, except those of calcium, strontium, sodium, potassium, and
ammonium.

____ 22. Which of the following pairs of solutions produces a precipitate when combined?
a. Cu(NO3)2 and NaCl c. Cu(NO3)2 and K2CO3
b. Fe(NO3)3 and MgCl2 d. CaCl2 and NaNO3
____ 23. Which of the following is not a net ionic equation?
a. Ag+(aq) + Cl–(aq)  AgCl(s)
b. Fe2+(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) + 2OH–(aq)  Fe(OH)2(s) + 2Cl–(aq)
c. 3Ca2+(aq) + 2P3–(aq)  Ca3P2(s)
d. Cu2+(aq) + S2–(aq)  CuS(s)

____ 24. What is the net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction between silver nitrate solution and sodium sulfide
solution?
a. 2Ag+(aq) + 2NO3–(aq) + 2Na+(aq) + S2–(aq)  Ag2S(s) + 2Na+(aq) + 2NO3–(aq)
b. 2Ag+(aq) + S2–(aq)  Ag2S(s)
c. Na+(aq) + NO3–(aq)  NaNO3(s)
d. 2Ag+(aq) + 2NO3–(aq) + 2Na+(aq) + S2–(aq)  Ag2S(s) + 2NaNO3(s)

Completion
Complete each statement.

1. A(n) ____________________ solution is at equilibrium when undissolved solute is visible.

2. Dry cleaners use tetrachloroethylene, C2Cl4, to dissolve oil, grease, and alcohol because C2Cl4 is a(n)
____________________ molecule.

3. Water is an example of a(n) ____________________ solvent.

4. You know the molarity and the volume of a solution. You also need to know the ____________________ to
determine the mass of solute.

Problem

1. A solution contains 85.0 g of NaNO3, and has a volume of 750. mL. Find the molarity of the solution. (molar
mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)
 2. What is the molarity of a solution of sucrose, C12H22O11, that contains 125 g of sucrose in 3.50 L of solution?
(molar mass of C12H22O11 = 342.34 g/mol)

3. How many grams of NaOH are required to prepare 200. mL of a 0.450 M solution? (molar mass of NaOH =
40.00 g/mol)

4. How many grams of NaC2H3O2 are needed to prepare 350. mL of a 2.75 M solution? (molar mass of
NaC2H3O2 = 82.04 g/mol)

5. How many grams of Na2SO4 are needed to prepare 750. mL of a 0.375 M solution? (molar mass of Na2SO4 =
142.05 g/mol)

Short Answer

1. How is a solute distinguished from a solvent?

Solutions Practice Test
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II

REF: cfcd94bf-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 2
2. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: cfd23269-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 2
3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: cfe7a7ae-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 4
4. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: cfea311b-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 4
5. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: cfeecec5-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 4
6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: cff15832-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 1
7. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: cff3937f-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 1
8. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: cffaba96-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 1
9. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: cfff7f50-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 2
10. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: d00b9231-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 3
11. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: d00df48e-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 3
12. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: d019b94f-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 4
13. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: d02f2e94-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 5
14. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: d033f34e-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 5
15. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: d0341a5e-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 1
16. ANS: A
Solution:

PTS: 1 DIF: III REF: d03fdf1f-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 2
17. ANS: D
Solution:

PTS: 1 DIF: III REF: d042417c-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

 OBJ: 3
18. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: d06604ef-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 1
19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: d06ac9a9-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 1
20. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: d06f8e63-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 1
21. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I
REF: d076b57a-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 2
22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: d0793ee7-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 2
23. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: d0803eee-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 2
24. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: II
REF: d082c85b-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea OBJ: 2

COMPLETION

1. ANS: saturated

PTS: 1 DIF: I REF: d0498fa3-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 2
2. ANS: nonpolar

PTS: 1 DIF: I REF: d04bcaf0-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 3
3. ANS: polar

PTS: 1 DIF: II REF: d04e2d4d-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 3
4. ANS: molar mass of the solute

PTS: 1 DIF: II REF: d04e545d-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 2

PROBLEM

1. ANS:
1.33 M NaNO3
Solution:

PTS: 1 DIF: III REF: d050b6ba-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 1
2. ANS:
0.104 M sucrose
Solution:
 PTS: 1 DIF: III REF: d052f207-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea
OBJ: 1
3. ANS:
3.60 g NaOH
Solution:

PTS: 1 DIF: III REF: d0555464-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 2
4. ANS:
79.0 g NaC2H3O2
Solution:

PTS: 1 DIF: III REF: d0557b74-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 2
5. ANS:
40.0 g Na2SO4
Solution:

PTS: 1 DIF: III REF: d057b6c1-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 2

SHORT ANSWER

1. ANS:
The solute, which dissolves in the solvent, is usually the substance present in lesser quantity than the solvent.

PTS: 1 DIF: II REF: d05c7b7b-f97e-11de-9c72-001185f0d2ea

OBJ: 2