Some important facts emerge when plotting lines of force: ( Aug.

20)
- Lines of force NEVER cross and they are CONTINUOUS. All magnets, no matter what their shape, have two regions
called magnetic poles with the magnetism both in and around a magnetic circuit
producing a definite chain of organized and balanced pattern of invisible
lines of flux around it. These lines of flux are collectively referred to as the
“magnetic field” of the magnet.
- Lines of force always form individual CLOSED LOOPS around the
magnet. Magnetic lines form closed loops that leave at the north pole
of the magnet and enter at the south pole. Magnetic poles are always
in pairs.
- Lines of external force surrounding a magnet have a definite
DIRECTION from NORTH to SOUTH and internal forces within the
magnet from SOUTH to NORTH.
- Lines of force that are close together indicate a STRONG magnetic field
and Lines of force that are farther apart indicate a WEAK magnetic field.
The magnetic field is strongest near to the poles of the magnet were the
lines of flux are more closely spaced. The general direction for the magnetic
flux flow is from the North ( N ) to the South ( S ) pole.

Magnetic forces attract and repel like electric forces and when two lines of force are brought close together the interaction
between the two magnetic fields causes one of two things to occur:
1. – When adjacent poles are the same, (north-north or south-south) they REPEL each other.
2. – When adjacent poles are not the same, (north-south or south-north) they ATTRACT each other.

EXERCISE: in a one whole paper. Draw the magnetic field lines of the following magnets

1. Single bar magnet

2. U- shaped magnet

3. Two bar magnets with like poles face each other (North to North poles)

4. Two bar magnets with like poles face each other (South to South poles)

5. Two bar magnets with unlike poles face each other (North to south poles)
Electromagnetic Induction (Aug. 22)

Predict:

1. What do you think will happen if you bring two iron nails close to or touching each other?
2. What do you think will happen if you bring a bar magnet close to the first iron nail?
3. If you move the bar magnets far from the nails?
4. Suspend the north pole of the magnet to attract the first nail, Will the first nail attract the second nail? What do
you think is the screw’s polarity of magnetism in the indicated region?

OBSERVE

Observations Explanation

1. Bring two iron nails close

to or touching each
other? What happened?

2. Bring a bar magnet close

to the first iron nail?
What did you observe?

3. Move the bar magnets

far from the nails? What
did you observe?

4. Suspend the north pole

of the magnet to attract
the first screw… (show
the picture of the set up)
What is the screw’s
polarity of magnetism in
the indicated region?

Conclusion: