02.

Konsep Pembentukan Bumi

Geologi Dasar

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Kerangka Materi
• Bumi dan Propertinya
• Bumi dan tata surya
• Teori Pembentukan Bumi dan tata surya
• Pemutaran Film
• Kesimpulan

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Bumi dan Propertinya

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 mean distance from Sun 149,598,262 km (1.0 AU)
eccentricity of orbit 0.0167
inclination of orbit to ecliptic 0.000°
Earth year (sidereal period of
365.256 days
revolution)
mean orbital velocity 29.78 km/sec
equatorial radius 6,378.14 km
polar radius 6,356.78 km
surface area 510,064,472 km2
mass 5.972 × 1024 kg
mean density 5.51 g/cm3
mean surface gravity 980 cm/sec2
escape velocity 11.2 km/sec
rotation period (Earth sidereal 23.9345 hr (23 hr 56 min 4 sec)
day) of mean solar time
24.0657 hr (24 hr 3 min 57 sec)
Earth mean solar day
of mean sidereal time
inclination of Equator to orbit 23.44°
magnetic field strength at Equator 0.3 gauss (but weakening)
dipole moment 7.9 × 1025 gauss/cm3
tilt angle of magnetic axis 11.5°
molecular nitrogen, 78%;
molecular oxygen, 21%; argon,
atmospheric composition (by
0.93%; carbon dioxide, 0.0395%
volume)
(presently rising); water, about 1%
(variable)
mean surface pressure 1 bar
mean surface temperature 288 K (59 °F, 15 °C)
http://www.britannica.com/place/Earth number ofhttp://www.travelgrove.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Earth-from-outer-space.jpg
known moons 1 (the Moon)
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Bumi dan Tata Surya

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 Monroe, dkk., 2007
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 Monroe, dkk., 2007

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 http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/
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Terrestrial Planet Jovian Planet

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/planet_table_ratio.html
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Planet Terrestrial dan Jovian
• Planet Terrestrial: berukuran kecil, densitas tinggi
(tersusun atas inti metal dan kerak-mantel silikat),
tidak memiliki (merkurius) hingga memiliki
atmosfer yang tebal (venus).

• Planet Jovian: berukuran besar, memiliki cincin,

densitas rendah dengan inti batuan dikelilingi
atmosfer yang tebal.

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Planet Terrestrial dan Jovian
• Planet Terrestrial
• Merkurius
• Venus
• Bumi
• Mars
• Planet Jovian
• Jupiter
• Saturnus
• Uranus
• Neptunus

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Bulan

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Merkurius

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Venus

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Bumi

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Mars

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Jupiter

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Saturnus

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Uranus

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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Neptunus

Monroe, dkk., 2007

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(Pluto)
• Dwarf Planet in Kuiper Belt
• Made of Ice and Rock

NASA

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Teori Pembentukan
Bumi dan Tata Surya

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Teori Pembentukan Bumi dan Tata Surya
• Teori Nebula
• Teori Bintang Kembar
• Teori Pasang Surut Gas (tidal)
• Teori Planetesimal

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Teori Nebula
• Teori Nebula (kabut) dikemukakan oleh Kant-Lapplace pada tahun 1755.
• Kabut jagat raya yang berkumpul dan berputar, membentuk matahari
dan planet-planetnya.

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Teori Bintang Kembar
• Dikemukakan oleh RA Lyttleton
pada 1956.
• Dua bintang yang saling
berdekatan, salah satu bintang
hancur membentuk planet-
planet.

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Teori Pasang-surut
• Teori ini dikemukakan oleh Jeans-
Jeffrey pada 1917
• Bintang besar melewati
matahari, menyebabkan lidah
gas yang panas terlontar keluar
dari matahari dan membentuk
planet-planet.

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Teori Planetesimal
• Dikemukakan oleh Thomas Chamberlin and Forest Moulton pada 1901.
• Terlepasnya sebagian materi dari matahari akibat hampir bertabrakan
dengan bintang lain.
• Materi yang terlepas kemudian membentuk gumpalan planetesimal dan
mendingin membentuk planet.

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Pemutaran Film
How The Earth Was Made: Birth of The Earth

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HOW THE EARTH WAS MADE:
BIRTH OF THE EARTH

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Penutup/Kesimpulan

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Terima Kasih

Minggu depan:
Perkembangan Teori tentang Proses – proses Geologi
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kuis
1. Teori mana yang sesuai dengan hasil penelitian
para ilmuwan dalam pembentukan bumi?
Jelaskan.
2. Berapa umur dari bumi, dari mana para ilmuwan
mengetahui umur tersebut?
3. Apa bukti bahwa 4,3 milyar tahun yang lalu bumi
telah memiliki samudera?

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Referensi

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Tugas
• Buatlah resume tentang:
- Teori geosinklin
- Continental drift
- Teori tektonik lempeng

(maksimal 3 halaman termasuk gambar dan diketik

times new roman font 11 spasi 1,5 ++daftar pustaka).

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IAU classification of Planet term (24 August 2006)

There are three main conditions for an object to be considered a "planet“

based on International Astronomical Union (IAU) classification:

 The object must be in orbit around the Sun.

 The object must be massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity.
More specifically, its own gravity should pull it into a shape of
hydrostatic equilibrium.
 It must have cleared the neighborhood around its orbit.

Pluto fails to meet the third condition, because:

its mass is only 0.07 times that of the mass of the other objects in its orbit
(Earth's mass, by contrast, is 1.7 million times the remaining mass in its
own orbit).

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