Design of Multiple U-Slot to Improve MIMO

Antenna Performance for 5G Application

Efri Sandi, Wisnu Djatmiko, Rizkita Kurnia Putri
Antenna and Microwave Research Group
Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Jakarta, Indonesia
Jalan Rawamangun Muka Jakarta Timur, Indonesia 13220

Abstract—This study aims to develop microstrip antennas by

adding multiple U-slots to improve the bandwidth dan gain
performance. Previous studies focused on adding single U-slot and
generally designed for application C-Band and X-Band. In this study,
focus to develop new design approach by design multiple U-slot on
the patch of MIMO antenna for 5G millimeter-wave (mm-
w) application at frequency 28 GHz. The numerical and
simulation results show that the addition of multiple U-slots on
the patch antenna can improve bandwidth performance
compared to antenna design without U-slots and single U-slot in
previous studies. Fig. 1, MIMO Antenna 5G 2T2R

Keywords—Multi U-slot; 5G Antenna; MIMO Antenna; The antenna design as shown in Fig. 1 has bandwidth
Bandwidth; Gain Antenna. 1.689 GHz and gain 10.86 dB for antenna port 1 and
bandwidth 1.693 GHz for antenna port 2. This bandwidth
I. INTRODUCTION value is still low when compared to the width of the 5G
The antenna is one of the important elements in the spectrum available at the millimeter-wave frequency. In the
development of 5G cellular technology. This technology 5G cellular technology application, a higher bandwidth and
requires antennas that have high performance, Multiple Input- gain antenna is needed to support 5G network performance.
Multiple Output (MIMO) and beamforming transmission
III. PROPOSED OF DESIGN MULTIPLE U-SLOT
systems [1-2]. 5G technology is recommended to work on
millimeter-wave frequencies (24-28 GHz) and 5G antennas To increase bandwidth and gain, in this study proposed the
must be designed to work on millimeter-wave frequency bands addition of multiple U-slots as shown in Fig. 2. The side size and
[3]. slot width are determined based on the parameters C, D and F
[9]. For the second slot, the length and width of the slot are
Microstrip antenna is one type of antenna that is widely used proposed to be two times the previous slot. For the third slot,
because of its physical size, low profile and easy fabrication. But the length and width of the slot are proposed to be three times
microstrip antennas have weaknesses in limited bandwidth and the first slot.
low gain. A number of antenna studies have sought solutions to
increase bandwidth and gain microstrip antennas, one of which is C F
through the addition of U-slots on patch antennas [4-8].
In the application of 5G MIMO antenna, a wide bandwidth
and high gain are needed, so a solution is needed to improve
bandwidth performance and antenna gain for 5G antenna
applications. In this research, it is proposed to add multiple U-
slots to the patch structure of microstrip antennas to obtain a
wider bandwidth and higher gain for application of millimeter-
wave 5G technology.
II. ANTENNA DESIGN
The MIMO antenna for the 5G application is designed at frequency 28 GHz and using Duroid
RT5880 material with a permittivity (εr ) 2.2 and the thickness used is 1.575 mm as shown in Fig. 1.

D
Fig. 2, Design of Multiple U-Slot
 The size of the parameter to determine the side and width TABLE I. OVERALL COMPARISON
of the slot, is obtained from the following approach [9], Proposed Without Result Result Result
≥ 0.3
(1) Parameter Multiple U-Slot
U-Slot [6] [7] [8]
(3 slots)
Frequency 28 28 5.38 2.4 5.5
= − 2( + ∆ − )
(2) (GHz)
√

Bandwidth 3.008 1.689 0.311 0.15 0.7

(GHz)
= 60
(3) Gain (dB) 11.13 10.86 0.114 11.35 7.66

Where, W is the patch antenna length and L is the patch
antenna width. Design of 5G MIMO antenna with the addition
of multiple U-slots as shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 3, MIMO Antenna 5G 2T2R with Multiple U-Slot.
The performance of the 5G MIMO antenna with multiple U-
slot can increase 1.319 GHz bandwidth (78%) compared to
performance without using multiple U-slots and increase antenna
gain 0.3 dB (3%) compared to antenna without using multiple U-
slot as shown in Fig. 4. This result is also significant
improvement when compared to the results of previous studies
[4-8]. Overall comparison as shown in Table I.
(a)
(b)
IV. CONCLUSION
The addition of multiple U-slot techniques proved to be
able to increase bandwidth and gain performance of 5G
MIMO antenna. The results of this study can be used as the
basis for further research to improve the performance of 5G
antennas and other applications.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to acknowledge for PTUPT the
Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education the
Republic of Indonesia for research scheme under contract no.
47/SP2H/DRPM/LPPM-UNJ/III/2019.
REFERENCES
[1] A. L. Swindlehurst, E. Ayanoglu, P. Heydari, and F. Capolino,
“Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO: The Next Generation Revolution?”
IEEE Communications Magazine, pp. 56-62, September 2014.
[2] E. L. Bengtsson, F. Rusek, S. Malkowsky, F. Tufvesson, P.C Karlsson,
and O. Edfors, “A Simulation Framework for Multiple-Antenna
Terminal in 5G Massive MIMO Systems” IEEE Access, Vol. 5, pp.
26819-26831, November 2017.
[3] Y. Kim, H. Lee, P. Hwang, R. K. Patro, J. Lee, W. Roh, and K. Cheun, “
Feasibility of Mobile Cellular Communications at Millimeter Wave
Frequency ” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing, Vol.
10, No.3, pp. 589-599, April 2016.
[4] H. Nornikman, M. Abdulmalek, B. H. Ahmad, H. A. Rahim, O. Al-Khatib,
M. Z. A. Abd Aziz, P. J. Soh, M. K. A. Zakaria, N. A. M. Nik Amri, N. Rosli,
Z. Kamal, and H. A. Bakar, “ Double U-slots Stacked Patch Antenna with
Copper Plate and Air Gap for Wireless LAN Applications,” Progress in
Electromagnetics Research Symposium, 2017.
[5] R.Suaibur, M. Mowla, and Mahabub Alam, “ Design & Simulation of
Double U-Slot Microstrip Patch Antenna for WiMAX Application, “
International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research, Vol.4 No. 7,
2013.
[6] V.P., Patil, “ Enhancement of Bandwidth of Rectangular Patch Antenna
Using two Square Slots Techniques, “ International Journal of
Engineering Sciences & Emerging Technologies, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 1 –
12, 2012.
[7] X. Li, and C. Li, “ Design of High Gain Multiple U-Slot Microstrip
Patch Antenna for Wireless System, “ ICCP Proceedings, 2010.
[8] N.K Darimireddy, R.R Reddy, and A. M. Prasad, “ Design of triple-layer
double U-slot patch antenna for wireless applications, “ Journal of
Applied Research and Technology, 13, pp. 526 – 534, 2015.
[9] P. Daud, I. Syamsu, D. Mahmudin, T.T. Estu, A.A. Fathnan, Y.N.
Wijayanto,”Inset Fed U-Slotted Patch Antenna Array for 10 GHz Radio-
Over-Fiber Applications”, IEEE-ICSE 2016, hal. 117–120, 2016.

Fig. 4, Performances of MIMO Antenna 5G at Freq. 28 GHz: (a) Antenna

Bandwidth; (b) Antenna Gain