TUGAS ANATOMI

PERBEDAAN OSMOSIS DAN ANATOMI

Dosen Pembimbing:
Dian Furwasyih,S.Keb.,Bd.,MSc

Prodi: S1 Kebidanan

Oleh
kelompok 8

1.Chici Ananda Putri

2.Mifta Dwi Riska
3.Nur Salsabila W.S
4.Sri Rahmadani

STIKes MERCU BAKTIJAYA PADANG

Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020
 Difference Between Osmosis and Diffusion
OSMOSIS

Osmosis is the movement of a solvent (water) from a region of higher concentration to

a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane, to maintain balance. The
function of osmosis is to maintain balance on both sides of the membrane and in this process
there is only one movement of water molecules, which is also referred to as a solvent.

Osmosis is important in the distribution of nutrients and the release of metabolic waste
from the body, and in maintaining a concentration gradient inside and outside the cell. In
osmosis plants are very helpful in absorbing water from the soil, helping to maintain water levels,
even when water is lost, cell-to-cell diffusion, also provides mechanical support.

Factors affecting osmosis are:

 Diffusion distance
 Concentration gradient.
 Temperature.
Osmotic pressure

It can be defined as the pressure exerted on the solution, to prevent the passage of the solvent
into the solution, where both are separated by a semipermeable membrane.

1. Hypotonic Solution – Solution with relatively low pressure and high solvent concentration,
here cells absorbs water, swell, and burst.

2. Hypertonic Solution – Solution with relatively higher osmotic pressure and high solute
concentrations, here cells shrivel due to loss of water.

3. Isotonic Solution – Solution with equal osmotic pressure (iso-osmotic) and the concentration
of solute and solvent are at level, so the cell tone is maintained and thus no changes in cell
volume and shape.

Types of Osmosis are:

1. Reverse Osmosis.
2. Forward Osmosis.

Application of Osmosis

1. Transfusion – used in hospitals for the treatment of burns, dehydration, etc.

2. Fluid balance and blood volume – The fluid is balanced of each cell of the body due to the
osmosis.
3. Edema due to hypoalbuminemia – Edema occurs due to the lower oncotic pressure of plasma,
resulting in accumulation of fluid in tissue spaces.
4. Red blood cells and fragility – It prevent from rupturing the plasma membrane of the RBC, the
condition called as hemolysis.

DIFFUSION

Definition of Diffusion

The movements of molecules like solid, gases or liquid, from the region of higher concentration
to the region of lower concentration. The reason for this movement is the randomly moving
molecules present in high concentration possess free energy, and when they move to the region
of lower concentration, equilibrium of diffusing molecule along with the benefit of free energy is
achieved. There is no role semi-permeable membrane.
Thus diffusion is important in creating energy, at the time of respiration it helps in exchange of
gases in animals, it is also helpful in the process of transpiration and photosynthesis in plants.

Factors affecting diffusion are:

 Molecular weight – Larger the molecular weight, slower will be the movement of the
molecules.
 Concentration gradient – Higher the difference, higher the rate of the motion of
molecules
 Pressure – Higher the pressure, lower will be the rate of diffusion due to the increase in
the number of a collision.
 Temperature – Higher the temperature, higher will be the motion of the particles.

Types of diffusion are:

1. Surface diffusion.
2. Collective diffusion.
3. Electron diffusion.
4. Facilitated diffusion.
5. Brownian diffusion.
6. Effusion.
7. Gaseous diffusion.
8. Photon diffusion.
9. Self-diffusion.
10. Reverse diffusion.
11. Momentum diffusion.
12. Knudsen diffusion.
Application of Diffusion
1. Few nutrients are absorbed in gastrointestinal tract through diffusion only, like minerals,
vitamins, pentoses.
2. Exchange of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide in lungs and tissues occurs through
diffusion only.
3. Passage of waste products in the renal tubules occurs due to diffusion.
So, the difference between osmosis and diffusion is:
BASIS FOR
OSMOSIS
COMPARISON
Meaning The movement of liquid
(solvent) especially water
from the higher region
concentration to the region of
lower concentration, through
the semipermeable membrane
is called osmosis.
Semi-permeable membrane The motion is through the
semi-permeable membrane.
Medium This process undertakes in the
liquid medium.
Type of diffusing molecule The movement is basically of
solvent (water).
Rate of process Osmosis is a slow process.
Free-energy Osmosis is dependent on one
solvent to the another for the
reduction of free energy.
Importance 1. Osmosis is important in
animals for maintaining the
water at the cellular level, also
in transporting the nutrients,
DIFFUSION
The movement of molecules
(solid, liquid or gases) from a
region of higher concentration
to the lower region
concentration, but not
necessarily through a semi-
permeable membrane is called
diffusion.
The motion is direct and does
not require the semi-
permeable membrane.
This process undertakes in any
medium (solid, liquid and
gases).
The movement can be in solid,
liquid, or gases.
Diffusion is the fast process.
It is the movement of
molecules from the area of
their higher free energy to the
area of the lower free energy.
Diffusion is important in
animals at the time of creating
energy, during respiration it
helps in exchange of gases,
cell-cell diffusion. while in plants it is also
2. In plants, it is helpful in helpful in the process of
maintaining the turgidity, transpiration and
provides mechanical support, photosynthesis.
prevents excess water loss,
and responsible for absorption
of water from the soil.