GHANA TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF TELECOM ENGINEERING

BSC TELECOM ENGINEERING
RESIT EXAMS (2019)
BTE LEVEL 300
ANTENNA AND PROPAGATION
Time: 2hrs
1. Half power beam-width is also known as …
A. -3 dB beam-width B. FBW C. Major Lobe D. Side lobe

2. Which one of these is not a basic interest of an engineer when choosing a communication
system
A. Ability to convey information B. Bandwidth C. Noise D. Information source

3. 1. In a transmitter the carrier is modulated by the

A. Transducer B. Information C. Receiver D. Receiver circuit

4. The space around the antenna is divided into 2 regions;

A. Antenna region and free space region
B. Outside region and inner region
C. Outside region and free space region
D. Antenna region and inner region

5. Sometimes, towers and mast themselves are used as antennas instead of as

A. conductors B. Insulators C. Support D. Feeders

6. Which of the following correspond to Gauss law?

A. ∇. B = 0, ∇. D = 0,
B. ∇. B = 0 , ∇. D = ρ
C. ∇. B = ρ , ∇. D = ρ
D. None of the above
7. What is the meaning of the flowing equation ∇. 𝐽 = 0
A. There is flow of current with no source or sinks
B. The magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular
C. The faradays equation is inconsistent with time
D. Current is always closed and the there are no sources or sinks.

8. Which of the following best describes the radiation intensity of an antenna

A. The energy per unit solid angle
B. The power per unit solid area
C. The power per unit solid angle
D. The energy per unit solid area

9. A dipole positioned vertically is said to be

A. Horizontally polarized
B. Vertically polarized
C. Not polarized
D. Very polarized

10. A situation where directivity gain and directivity of an antenna are the same, implies the
radiation efficiency factor is equal to
A. 0.5 B. 2 C. 10 D. 1

11. Which of the following assumption do we make when quoting the reciprocity theorem
A. E.M.F at both antenna terminals must be out of phase
B. E.M.F at both antenna terminals must be in phase
C. E.M.F at both antenna terminals do not need to have same frequencies
D. E.M.F at both antenna terminals do not need to have same frequencies

12. The impedance at which the transmission carrying R.F power from the transmitter is
connected to the input of the antenna is called
A. Iterative impedance
B. Mutual impedance
C. Self-impedance
D. Characteristic impedance

13. If a practical antenna has a gain of 20db in some direction that means it is radiating much
power in that particular direction compared to the radiation of an isotropic source …
A. 100 times B. 1000 times C. 20 times D. 20dB times
14. An antenna is said to be Marconi when
A. it utilizes the ground as part of its resonant circuit
B. it utilizes free space as part of its resonant circuit
C. it utilizes the ionosphere as part of its resonant circuit
D. EM waves as part of its resonant circuit

15. An antenna has a loss resistance of 10 ohms, power gain of 20 and directivity 22 calculate
resistivity
A. 0.9ohms B. 100ohms C. 0.1ohms D. 20ohms

16. Calculate the maximum effective aperture of an antenna which is operating at a wavelength
of 2m and has a directivity of 100.
A. 33.10 B. 31.21 C. 30.84 D. 31.84

17. Calculate the gain of an antenna with a circular aperture of diameter 3m at frequency of 5Ghz
A. 24649 B. 23984 C. 26779 D. 25989

18. An antenna has a gain of 6db over a reference antenna and is radiating 700w calculate the
power that the reference antenna must radiate in order to be equally effective in the most
preferred direction
A. 3489W B. 4090W C. 2787W D. 1938W

19. A 6 feet (1.83m) parabolic reflector is to used as 6GHz .calculate the beam width between
the first nulls.
A. 1.9° B. 3.8° C. 0.5° D. 2.8°

20. Calculate the gain of a receiving antenna in db which delivers a 50mv signal to a
transmission line over that of an antenna which deliver 25mv signal under identical condition
A. 6.02db B. 1250db C.1.25db D. 2db
 SECTION B
(ANSWER ONLY ONE QUESTION)
(a) Consider the following specification of an antenna used in the VHF application.
The dimensions of the array are as follows:

N=Total number of elements=10; Number of Directors=8; Number of Reflectors=1,

Number of Exciters=1, Total Length of Reflector =? Length of driven elements=?
Total Length Each Director =? Spacing between Reflector and Feeder=0.25 λ;
Spacing between Adjacent Directors=0.34 λ;

(i) Using an appropriate scale, design a 13 elements antenna for operations in digital dividend
frequency of 106MHz.

(ii) What type of antenna is described with the specification above?

(iii) What is the frequency band utilized by this antenna?
(iv) Calculate the total length of the boom
(v) State two applications of the antenna (20 Marks)

(b) A satellite communication system is operated in the C band (6GHz in the uplink and 4 GHz
in the downlink) to provide satellite TV (SATV) services to customers. You have been hired by a
SATV company as a telecommunication expert and have being asked to select an antenna which
could be used by a customer at home to receive the satellite signals.
Determine
i. The type of antenna and its application in radio wave propagation
ii. The operating frequency band
iii. State three reasons for choosing this antenna
iv. Draw the radiation pattern for the antenna ( 20 Marks)
 SECTION B (Answer Only One Question)
(a) i. Briefly explain the basic things to look out for when choosing a communication system
(5 Marks)
ii. With the aid of diagram explain the reciprocity theorem (5 Marks)
iii. State the three assumptions under which the theorem holds (5 Marks)
iv. Prove why amperes law is inconsistent in changing fields. (5 Marks)
v. How does an antenna propagate from waveguide to free space? (5 Marks)

(b) i. Show that, for transmission between two antennas the Friss equation is given by (5 Marks)
𝑃𝑇 𝐺𝑇 𝐺𝑅 𝜆2
𝑃𝑅 = (Define all parameters)
(4𝜋𝑅)²

ii. Why are helical antennas often used for satellite links? (5 Marks)
iii. Obtain the equivalent radiation pattern for 8 isotopic sources. (5 Marks)
iv. How can a bidirectional radiation pattern of a broadside array be converted into
unidirectional? (5 Marks)
v State and explain the structures of an antenna (5 Marks)
 SECTION C (Answer All Questions)
(a) In a microwave communication link, two identical antenna operating at 10 GHz are used with
power gain of 40db. If the transmitter power is 1W, find the received power, if the range of the
link is 30km. (5 Marks)

(b) A paraboloid reflector antenna is designed for operation at 4GHz. Its largest aperture dimension
is 8ft. In order to obtain accurate far field for measurement of radiation pattern, what should be
minimum distance between primary and secondary antenna (1 feet =0.3048 meter). (5 Marks)

(c) Calculate the front to back ratio of an antenna in decibel which radiate 3Kw in it maximum
optimum direction and 500 w in the opposite direction (5 Marks)

(d) An isotropic antenna radiates equally in all direction, the total power delivered to the radiator is 10kw
calculate the power density at distance of

i. 100m
ii. 1000m
iii. 10000m (15 Marks)

Examiners’: Dr. Joseph Arthur & Owusu Agyeman Antwi