Bharatmala

Country India

Prime Minister(s) Narendra Modi

Ministry Ministry of Road

Transport and
Highways

Key people Nitin Gadkari

Established 31 July 2015

The ambitious umbrella programme will

subsume all existing Highway Projects
including the flagship National Highways
Development Project (NHDP), launched by
the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government in
1998.

It is both enabler and beneficiary of other

key Government of India schemes, such as
Sagarmala, Dedicated Freight Corridors,
Industrial corridors, UDAN-RCS, BharatNet,
Digital India and Make in India.

Scope
Context

India's 5,482,000 km (3,406,000 mi) road

network is second largest in the world, of
which only 2% (~110,000 km) are national
highways (NHs) carrying 40% road
traffic.[4] Bharatmala phase-I will raise the
NH connection to a total of 80% or 550
districts out of total 716 districts[5] from
the current 42% or 300 districts connected
to NH (dec 2017).[4] Mapping of Shortest
Route for 12,000 routes carrying 90% of
the India's freight, commodity-wise survey
of freight movement across 600 districts,
automated traffic surveys over 1,500+
points across the country, and satellite
mapping of corridors to identify
upgradation requirements for
Bharatmala.[3]

NHIDCL
National Highways and Infrastructure
Development Corporation (NHIDCL) was
created in 2014 as a fully owned company
of the Ministry of Road Transport and
Highways by the Government of India to
expedite construction of National Highway
projects with specific focus on Northeast
India.[6][7]

Central Road Fund (CRF)

Central Road Fund (CRF) was created as a

non-lapsable fund under the "Central Road
Fund Act 2000", by imposing a cess on
petrol and diesel, to build and upgrade
National Highways, State roads, rural
roads, railway under/over bridges etc, and
national waterways.[8]

Impact

Bharatmala will significantly boost

highway infrastructure:[3]

Raise 6 NC corridors to 50 corridors (6

NC and 44 EC)
Raise 40% freight to 80% freight on
National Highways
Raise 300 districts to 550 districts
connected by minimum 4-lane highways.

Components
National Highways Development
Project (NHDP)

NHDP project covers 48,793 km

(30,319 mi), including 28,915 km
(17,967 mi) completed, 10,574 km
(6,570 mi) under construction and
9,304 km (5,781 mi) left for award (as of
May 2017).[9] The uncompleted projects
under NHDP will also be subsumed in
Bharatmala.[4]

National Corridors (NC)

National Corridors of India (NC) are 6 high

volume corridors, including 4 in Golden
Quadrilateral and 2 in North–South and
East–West Corridors. Including Mumbai -
Kolkata Highway (NH6), known as East
Coast - West Coast Corridor, that carry
35% of India's freight.[4] Lane expansion to
6 to 8 laning, ring roads, bypasses and
elevated corridors will be built in
Bharatmala to decongest the National
Corridors.[4] Logistics Parks will be set up
along the NC.[4] Busiest stretches of
National Corridors will be converted to the
expressways.[4] 8,000 km (5,000 mi) inter-
corridor and 7,500 km (4,700 mi) feeder
routes will be built.[4] Additionally,
3,300 km (2,100 mi) of border roads and
2,000 km (1,200 mi) international highways
will be built to connect 6 National
Corridors to international trade routes.[4]

National Corridors Efficiency Program

(NCEP)

National Corridors Efficiency Program

(NCEP) entails 5,000 km (3,100 mi) phase-I
decongestion of 185 choke points by 34 6-
8 laning, 45 bypasses and 28 ring roads of
6 NC.[4][3]

New ring roads in Bharatmala include:

Agra Bengaluru
Amaravati Bhubaneswar
Belgaum Chitradurga
 Delhi Patna
Dhanbad Pune
Dhule Raipur
Gurugram Ranchi
Indore Sambalpur
Jaipur Shivpuri
Kota Srinagar
Lucknow Surat
Madurai Udaipur
Nagpur Varanasi
Noida Vijayawada

Economic Corridors
Economic Corridors of India or Industrial
Corridors of India, 44 corridors 26,200 km
(16,300 mi) were identified and 9,000 km
(5,600 mi) will be taken up in phase-I, they
exclude 6 National Corridors, they
include:[3] 66 8,000 km (5,000 mi) inter-
corridors (IC) & 116 7,500 km (4,700 mi)
feeder routes (FR) were identified for
Bharatmala.[3][4]

List of 44 economic corridors (EC):[3]

EC-1: Mumbai-Kolkata
EC-2: Mumbai-Kanyakumari
EC-3: Amritsar-Jamnagar
EC-4: Kandla-Sagar
EC-5: Agra-Mumbai
EC-6: Pune-Vijayawada
EC-7: Raipur-Dhanbad
EC-8: Ludhiana-Ajmer
EC-9: Surat-Nagpur
EC-10: Hyderabad-Panaji
EC-11: Jaipur-Indore
EC-12: Solapur-Nagpur
EC-13: Sagar-Varanasi
EC-14: Kharagpur -Siliguri
EC-15: Raipur-Vishakapatnam
EC-16: Delhi-Lucknow
EC-17: Chennai-Kurnool
EC-18: Indore-Nagpur
EC-19: Chennai-Madurai
EC-20: Mangalore-Raichur
EC-21: Tuticorin-Cochin
EC-22: Solapur-Bellary-Gooty
EC-23: Hyderabad-Aurangabad
EC-24: Delhi-Kanpur
EC-25: Tharad-Phalodi
EC-26: Nagaur-Mandi Dabawli
EC-27: Sagar-Lucknow
EC-28: Sambalpur-Paradeep
EC-29: Amreli-Vadodra
EC-30: Godhra-Khargone
EC-31: Sambalpur-Ranchi
EC-32: Bangalore-Malappuram
 EC-33: Raisen-Pathariya
EC-34: Bangalore-Mangalore
EC-35: Chittaurgarh-Indore
EC-36: Bilaspur-New Delhi
EC-37: Solapur-Mahabubnagar
EC-38: Bangalore-Nellore
EC-39: Ajmer-Udaipur
EC-40: Sirsa-Delhi
EC-41: Sirohi-Beawar
EC-42: Jaipur-Agra
EC-43: Pune-Aurangabad
EC-44: North East Corridor
Logistics parks
24 logistics parks entailing 45% of India's
freight traffic have been identified to be
connected by Bharatmala economic
corridors (EC), to develop hub-and-spoke
model where hub-to-hub transport can be
done with 30 tonne trucks and hub-to-
spoke transport can be done with 10 tonne
trucks. Currently all transport is point-to-
point in 10 tonne trucks (2017).[3]

Bengaluru
Hyderabad
North Punjab
Jalandhar
Amritsar
 Gurdaspur
South Punjab
Ludhiana
Sangrur
Patiala
NCR
Delhi
Faridabad
(IMT Manesar)
Gurgaon
(Nangal Choudhary IMHL)
Ghaziabad
North Gujarat
Ahmedabad
 Vadodara
South Gujarat
Surat
Bharuch
Maharashtra
Mumbai
Mumbai suburbs
Jawaharlal Nehru Port
Mumbai Port Trust
Thane
Raigad
Northeast India connectivity

North East Economic corridor will connect

7 state capitals and 7 multimodal
waterways terminals on Brahmaputra on
the bharatmala route (slide 21) .[3]

Dhubri
Silghat
Biswanath Ghat
Neamati
Dibrugarh
Sengajan
Oriyamghat
International connectivity

Look-East Connectivity will be further

developed in the Bharatmala routes (slide
22) .[3]
 24 Integrated check posts (ICPs)
Transit through Bangladesh to improve
Northeast India
Integrating Bangladesh–Bhutan–Nepal-
Myanmar–Thailand BIMSTEC corridors.

Finance
Total budget ₹692,324 crore
(US$100 billion) for 5 years Bharatmala
project from 2017-2022.[10]
₹157,324 crore (US$23 billion)
existing NH projects subsumed
under Bharatmala, such as
incomplete National Highways,
SARDP-NE, Externally Aided
Projects (EAP, e.g. world Bank and
ADB), and Left Wing Extremism
roads (LWE).[4]
₹535,000 crore (US$77 billion)
phase-I to be completed during
2017-dec 2019:[4][11][10]
₹209,000 crore (US$30 billion)
through market borrowings.[10]
₹106,000 crore (US$15 billion)
through private investments.[10]
₹219,000 crore (US$32 billion)
through the Central Road Fund
(CRF) and tolls:[10]
₹97,000 crore
(US$14 billion) from
CRF.[10]
 ₹34,000 crore
(US$4.9 billion) from new
toll monetisation of
completed highways.[10]
₹46,048 crore
(US$6.7 billion) from
current toll fee from Toll-
Permanent Bridge Fee
Fund (PBFF)).[10]
Fy2017-18:[12]
10,000 km (6,200 mi) highways built at
the rate of 27 km/day,
₹65,000 crore (US$9.4 billion) through
allocation in the national budget.
Fy2018-19:[12]
 24,000 km (15,000 mi) will be
awarded.
12,000 km (7,500 mi) will be
completed.
₹163,000 crore (US$24 billion) total
spend:
₹78,000 crore (US$11 billion)
through allocation in the
national budget,
₹60,000 crore (US$8.7 billion)
through bonds,
₹25,000 crore (US$3.6 billion)
through toll monetisation of 30
completed highways.

Implementation phases:
2017-2022
The plan envisages the construction of
83,677 km (51,994 mi) roads, including
34,800 km (21,600 mi) of additional
highways and roads across the country,[2]
apart from an existing plan of building
48,877 km (30,371 mi) of new highways by
the National Highway Authority of India.[12]
Bharatmala has synergy with
Sagarmala.[13]

Phase 1: 34,800 km by December

2022

The total length of 34,800 km (21,600 mi)

highways will be constructed under phase-
I by December 2022, including 24,800 km
(15,400 mi) of new highways and another
10,000 km (6,200 mi) currently under-
construction remaining incomplete under
NHDP, compared to 19 years it took to
upgrade almost same length of National
Highways under NHDP.[14][13][2][15]
 Total Phase-I
Road Type Notes
Length[4] Length[4]

Economic 26,200 km 9,000 km

44 EC corridors exclude 6 NC.[3]
Corridors (16,300 mi) (5,600 mi)

Inter-corridor
15,500 km 6,000 km 66 8,000 km (5,000 mi) int er-corridors (IC) & 116
& feeder
(9,600 mi) (3,700 mi) 7,500 km (4,700 mi) feeder rout es (FR).[3][4]
Routes

National
Corridors 5,000 km
6-8 laning, bypasses and ring roads of 6 NC.[4]
Efficiency (3,100 mi)
Program

Border & 3,300 km (2,100 mi) of border roads and 2,000 km

International 5,300 km 2,000 km (1,200 mi) t o connect 6 nat ional corridors t o
connectivity (3,300 mi) (1,200 mi) int ernat ional t rade rout es, such as BIMSTEC, MIT and
roads BIN (Bangladesh-India-nepal).[4]

Coastal &
Port 2,000 km
Synergy wit h Sagarmala.
connectivity (1,200 mi)
roads

1,600 km 800 km
Expressways NC st ret ches convert ed t o expressway.[4]
(990 mi) (500 mi)

Total under
24,800 km
Bharatmala
(15,400 mi)
Pariyojana

NH
10,000 km 10,000 km
remaining
(6,200 mi) (6,200 mi)
under NHDP

Total to be
83,677 km 34,800 km
built or
(51,994 mi)[2] (21,600 mi)
upgraded

Phase-II: 48,877 km (expected

2024)

Multimodal logistics parks. It will make

current corridors more effective & will
improve connectivity with north east and
leverage synergy with inland waterways

References
External links

Bharatmala presentation - Oct 2017

See also

Sagar Mala project, national water port

development connectivity scheme
 UDAN-RCS, national airport development
connectivity scheme
Rail transport in India, rail development
Golden Quadrilateral, national road
development connectivity older scheme

Citations

1. "Bharat Mala: PM Narendra Modi's

planned ₹14,000 crore (US$2.0 billion)
road from Gujarat to Mizoram" , The
Economic Times, New Delhi, 29 April
2015
2. "Ministry proposes construction of
20,000 km of roads under Bharat Mala
project" , The Economic Times, New
Delhi, 9 January 2016
3. Bharatmala presentation
4. BHARATMALA PARIYOJANA, PHASE-
I
5. Directory of districts in India .
6. National Highway Infrastructure
Development Corporation Limited to
award first project for North-East in
October , Economic Times, 9 Oct 9
2014.
7. NHIDCL intro .
 8. What is Central Road Fund (CRF)? ,
Indian Economy.
9. "About NHDP | National Highways
Authority of India, Government of
India" . nhai.gov.in. Retrieved
3 February 2018.
10. new release
11. "Govt plans Bharat Mala, a 5,000km
road network" , The Times of India,
New Delhi, 30 April 2015
12. Transport ministry seeks Rs 78,000
crore to help fund Bharatmala ,
Economic Times, 24 Dec 2017.
13. Nitin Gadkari press conference
highlights: BharatMala, SagarMala to
be 'varmala' of India, says minister ,
First Post, 25 Oct 2017.
14. "First phase of Bharatmala Pariyojana
to start by end of 2018: Gadkari" .
Moneycontrol. Retrieved 29 October
2017.
15. "Highway construction target for Nitin
Gadkari-led Road Transport Ministry:
Is 30 km per day too much of a
stretch?" . The Financial Express. 5
June 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
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