influenza MERS co
s group and exists in two main forms, spread from and infected
A and B. and H1N1
CDC criteria for suspected H1N1:
1-acute febrile respiratory illness
within 7 days of close contact with a
person H1N1 influenza A
pathophysiology
or 2-acute febrile respiratory illness
within 7 days of travel to a community
H1N1 influenza A
or 3- Acute febrile respiratory illness
in a person who resides in a
community H1N1 influenza A
RF incubation period of influenza is
usually 1–3 days.
s/s The illness starts abruptly with a
fever, shivering and generalized
aching in the limbs. This is
associated with severe headache,
soreness of the throat and a dry
cough
Secondary bacterial infection is
common following influenza
diagnostic -a four-fold increase in
complement-fixing antibody or the
haemagglutinin antibody measured
at onset and after 1–2 weeks
- RT-PCR Detection and
Characterization Panel
 IgM
 increased
Prevention/ bed rest and paracetamol
ttt influenza vaccines: should not
given who allergic to egg
-empiric antiviral to H1N1
Dengue fever
transmitted by the daytime-biting A.
person to others though
respiratory secretions The
spike glycoprotein (S
protein) on the MERS CoV
targets a Dipeptide peptidase
4 (DPP4) expressed on the
respiratory cells (cellular
tropism). This binding allows
the virus to invade and infect
the respira cells causing a
disease.
cold-like illnesses
They had fever, cough and
shortness of breath. Others
reported having
gastrointestinal symptoms,
like diarrhea and
nausea/vomiting, and kidney
failure.
take Nasopharyngeal swab
specimen to do Polymerase
chain reaction (PCR)
- leukopenia, lymphopenia
and thrombocytopenia.
-­‐
Infection control
aegypti, which breeds in standing
water in refuse dumps in inner cities.
A. albopictus is a less common
transmitter. Humans are infective
during the first 3 days of the illness
(the viraemic stage).
incubation period is 5–6 days
following the mosquito bite.
abrupt onset of high fever, malaise,
headache, facial flushing, retrobulbar
pain which worsens on eye
movements, conjunctival suffusion
and severe backache,
fever subsides after 3–4 days, the
temperature returns to normal for a
couple of days and then the fever
returns
Blood tests show leucopenia and
thrombocytopenia.
Isolation of dengue virus by tissue
culture, or detection of viral RNA by
PCR in sera ELISA
Topical insect repellents, sprays and
breeding sites, small stagnant water
pools, should be eradicated.
Bushra