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  • Learning Taxonomies (Or Classifications)

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    Alex Harijanto
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    Learning taxonomies classify different types of learning based on complexity, such as Bloom's taxonomy. It arranges cognitive processes in a pyramid from simplest (remembering) to most complex (creating). Higher-order thinking skills are needed for analyzing, evaluating, and creating, and involve critical thinking and problem solving. Examples show how higher-order skills are applied in subjects like math, languages, social studies, and science for tasks such as employing different strategies, interpreting data, and recognizing interconnected systems. Higher-order skills also help appraise sources and recognize implied meaning when listening or reading.

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    learning taxonomies

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    learning taxonomies

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    Learning taxonomies classify different types of learning based on complexity, such as Bloom's taxonomy. It arranges cognitive processes in a pyramid from simplest (remembering) to most complex (creating). Higher-order thinking skills are needed for analyzing, evaluating, and creating, and involve critical thinking and problem solving. Examples show how higher-order skills are applied in subjects like math, languages, social studies, and science for tasks such as employing different strategies, interpreting data, and recognizing interconnected systems. Higher-order skills also help appraise sources and recognize implied meaning when listening or reading.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    7 views2 pages

    Learning Taxonomies (Or Classifications)

    Uploaded by

    Alex Harijanto
    Learning taxonomies classify different types of learning based on complexity, such as Bloom's taxonomy. It arranges cognitive processes in a pyramid from simplest (remembering) to most complex (creating). Higher-order thinking skills are needed for analyzing, evaluating, and creating, and involve critical thinking and problem solving. Examples show how higher-order skills are applied in subjects like math, languages, social studies, and science for tasks such as employing different strategies, interpreting data, and recognizing interconnected systems. Higher-order skills also help appraise sources and recognize implied meaning when listening or reading.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

     

    Learning​​taxonomies​​(or​​classifications) 

    It​​
    is​​
    widely​​acknowledged​​that​​some​​ types​​
    of​​
    learning​​involve 
    more​​complex​​cognitive​​processes​​ than​​others.​​For​​
    example, 
    learning​​facts​​and​​even​​concepts​​
    is​​
    generally​​
    considered​​ less 
    complex​​than​​learning​​to​​analyse,​​
    evaluate​​or​​create. 

    This​​
    concept​​is​​based​​on​​learning​​ taxonomies​​ (or​​
    classifications), 
    such​​as​​Bloom’s​​taxonomy​,​​ which​​ is​​
    one​​of​​
    the​​
    most​​ famous.​​ The 
    picture​​below​​shows​​a​​recent​​ version.​​The​​cognitive​​
    process 
    becomes​​gradually​​more​​complex​​ as​​
    we​​move​​ from​​the​​bottom​​ to 
    the​​
    top​​of​​the​​pyramid.​​The​​verbs​​ on​​the​​
    right-hand​​side​​of​​
    the 
    pyramid​​are​​the​​ones​​most​​ commonly​​ associated​​with​​the 
    cognitive​​process​​on​​the​​left. 

    1 
    Higher​​Order​​Skills​​​(or​​Higher​​
    Order​​Thinking​​Skills,​​
    HOTS),​​are 
    therefore​​required​​to​​perform​​ the​​
    actions​​
    at​​
    the​​top​​ of​​
    the​​
    list​​
    and 
    involve​​critical​​thinking​​and​​
    problem​​ solving. 

    Here​​
    are​​some​​examples​​of​​application​​of​​
    HOTS​​
    to​​specific​​ subject 
    areas​​
    (Florida​​Sunshine​​State​​
    Standards,​​DOE​​2006,​​ in​​
    F.J.​​
    King,​​
    L. 
    Goodson​​and​​F.​​Rohani,​​Higher​​
    Order​​
    Thinking​​
    Skills.​​
    Definition, 
    Teaching​​Strategies,​​Assessment​​p.10): 

    Maths​ :​​to​​employ,​​defend​​and​​ evaluate​​


    “different​​estimation 
    strategies​​in​​a​​real-world​​problem​​ situation​​
    and​​[determine]​​
    the 
    reasonableness​​of​​results​​ of​​
    calculations​​
    in​​
    a​​
    given​​
    problem 
    situation.” 

    Languages​:​​to​​select​​and​​employ​​
    “strategies​​
    to​​understand​​ words 
    and​​text,​​and​​to​​make​​and​​
    confirm​​
    inferences​​from​​
    what​​is​​
    read, 
    including​​interpreting​​diagrams,​​ graphs,​​
    and​​
    statistical 
    illustrations.” 

    Social​​Studies​:​​to​​employ​​“maps,​​
    globes,​​
    charts,​​
    graphs,​​
    and​​
    other 
    geographic​​tools,​​including​​ map​​
    keys​​
    and​​symbols​​to​​
    gather​​
    and 
    interpret​​data​​and​​to​​draw​​conclusions​​
    about​​physical​​
    patterns.” 

    Science​:​​to​​recognise​​and​​explain​​
    “the​​
    interconnectedness​​
    of​​
    the 
    systems​​on​​Earth​​and​​the​​quality​​
    of​​
    life.” 

    In​​
    the​​case​​of​​listening​​​and​​
    reading​ ,​​
    higher​​ order​​ skills​​
    help​​
    us​​
    to 
    appraise​​and​​examine​​(​Analysing​ )​​
    the​​ reliability​​of​​sources​​and 
    information,​​as​​well​​as​​to​​recognise​​ (​Understanding​ )​​
    inferred 
    meaning,​​humour​​and​​points​​ of​​
    view.​​ In​​listening​ in​​
    ​​ particular, 
    higher​​order​​skills​​help​​us​​interpret​​ (​Applying​ )​​
    the​​ speaker’s 
    mood,​​feelings​​and​​opinions​​ and​​go​​beyond​​ the​​literal​​meaning​​ of 
    words​​ and​​sentences. 

    2 

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