Eugeneodontida

The Eugeneodontida is an extinct and

poorly known order of bizarre
cartilaginous fishes. They possessed a
unique "tooth-whorl" on the symphysis of
the lower jaw and pectoral fins supported
by long radials. The palatoquadrate was
either fused to the skull or reduced. Now
determined to be within the Holocephali,
their closest living relatives are ratfish.[3]
The meaning of the name Eugeneodont
correlates to "true origin teeth", and
comes from the Greek eu (good/true),
geneos (race, kind, origin), and odon
(tooth).
 Eugeneodontida
Temporal range: 407.7–247.2 Ma
PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K PN

Late Devonian to Olenekian[1]

g

Helicoprion bessonovi

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Chondrichthyes

Superorder: †Paraselachimorpha

Order: †Eugeneodontida
Zangerl, 1981

Subdivisions
see text

Synonyms

Eugeneodontiformes[2]

Members of the Eugeneodontida are

further classified into different families,
the most well-preserved members that
have been discovered are commonly
placed within the families
Helicoprionidae ("spiral saws"), and
Edestidae ("those which devour"), the
former containing the genera Helicoprion,
Sarcoprion, and Parahelicoprion, and the
latter containing the genera Edestus,
Listracanthus, and Metaxyacanthus. All
eugeneodonts are thought to be obligate
carnivores, with each genus having
specialized feeding behaviors, territory
ranges, and specific prey.

Taxonomy
Family Eugeneodontidae
Genus Bobbodus
Genus Eugeneodus
Genus Gilliodus
Superfamily Edestoidea
Family Helicoprionidae
Genus Agassizodus
Genus Arpagodus
Genus Campyloprion
Genus Helicoprion
 Genus Hunanohelicoprion
Genus Parahelicoprion
Genus Sarcoprion
Genus Sinohelicoprion
Genus Toxoprion
Family Edestidae
Genus Edestus
Genus Helicampodus
Genus Lestrodus
Genus Metaxyacanthus
Genus Parahelicampodus
Genus Physonemus
Genus Prospiraxis
Genus Syntomodus
Superfamily Caseodontoidea
 Genus Campodus
Genus Chiastodus
Family Caseodontidae
Genus Caseodus
Genus Erikodus
Genus Fadenia
Genus Ornithoprion
Genus Romerodus

References
1. Mutter, Raoul J., and Andrew G.
Neuman. "New eugeneodontid
sharks from the Lower Triassic
Sulphur Mountain Formation of
Western Canada." Geological Society,
 London, Special Publications 295.1
(2008): 9-41.
2. The Paleobiology Database -
Eugeneodontiformes
3. Tapanila L.; Pruitt J.; Pradel A.; Wilga
C.; Ramsay J.; Schlader R.; Didier D.
(2013). "Jaws for a spiral-tooth
whorl: CT images reveal novel
adaptation and phylogeny in fossil
Helicoprion" . Biology Letters. 9 (2):
20130057.
doi:10.1098/rsbl.2013.0057 .
PMC 3639784 . PMID 23445952 .

External links
[1] Palaeos Vertebrates 70.100
Chondrichthyes: Eugnathostomata at
 paleos.com
JSTOR: Journal of Paleontology Vol.
70, No. 1 (Jan., 1996), pp. 162-165
More about Chondrichthyes at
Devonian Times

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Last edited on 4 February 2019, at 21:51

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