5.

METALLURGY

LIST OF ORES AND THEIR NAMES

TYPES OF ORES S. N. FORMULA OF THE ORE NAME

Oxide Ore 1. ZnO Zincite

2. MnO2 Pyrolusite
3. SnO2 Cassiterite
4. Cu2O Cuprite
5. Fe2O3 Hematite
6. Al2O32H2O Bauxite
7. FeO. Cr2O3 Chromite
8. Fe3O4 Magnetite
9. Fe2O3.3H2O Limonite

Sulphide Ore 1. ZnS Zinc Blande

2. HgS Cinabar

3. PbS Galena

4. Ag2S Argentite

or Silver glance

5. FeS2 Iron pyrites

6. CuFeS2 or Cu2S.Fe2S3 Copper pyrites

7. Ag2S.Sb2S3 Pyrargirite or

Rubisilver

Halide Ore 1. NaCl Rock Salt

2. AgCl Horn Silver
3. CaF2 Flour Spar
4. Na3AlF6 Cyrolite
5. KCl.MgCl2.6H2O Carnelite

Carbonate Ore 1. MgCO3 Magnesite

2. CaCO3 Lime stone
3. MgCO3.CaCO3 Dolomite
4. ZnCO3 Calamine
5. PbCO3 Cerusite
6. FeCO3 Siderite
7. CuCO3. Cu(OH)2 Malachite
8. 2CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 Azurite
 Page 71 METALLURGY - JEE

Sulphate Ore 1. BaSO4 Barytes

2. PbSO4 Anglisite
3. CaSO4.2H2O Gypsum
4. K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O Alum
5. MgSO4.7H2O Epsom salt

Silicate Ore 1. 3BeO.Al2O3.6SiO2 Beryl

2. CaO.3MgO.4SiO2 Asbestos
3. K2O.3Al2O3.6SiO2.2H2O Mica
4. K2O.Al2O3.6SiO2 Felspar

Nitrate Ore 1. NaNO3 Chili - Salt Peter

2. KNO3 Salt peter
or Indian salt peter

Phosphate Ore 1. Ca3(PO4)2 Rock Phosphate

2. Fe3(PO4)2.8H2O Vivianite
3. AlPO4.Al(OH)3.H2O Terguoise
4. 3Ca3(PO4)2.CaF2 Florapatite

SOME IMPORTANT ALLOY

1. Bronze - Cu (75-90 %) + Sn (10-25 %)
2. Brass - Cu (60-80 %) +Zn (20-40%)
3. Aluminium Bronze - Cu (90%) + Al (10%)
4. Gun metal - (Cu + Zn + Sn) (87:3:10)
5. German Silver - Cu + Zn + Ni (2:1:1)
6. Bell metal - Cu (80 %) + Sn (20 %)
7. Monel metal - Cu : Ni : (Fe + Mn) ( 30 : 67 : 3)
8. Nichrome - ( Ni + Cr + Fe)
9. Alnico - ( Al, Ni, Co)
10. Type metal - Pb + Sn + Sb
11. 14 Carat Gold - 54% Au + Ag (14 to 30%) + Cu (12 - 28%)
12. 24 Carat Gold - 100% Au
13. Solder Pb + Sn
% of Carbon in different type of Iron
NAME % of C
1) Wrought iron 0.1 to 0.25
2) Steel 0.25 to 2.0
3) Cast Iron 2.6 to 4.3
4) Pig Iron 2.3 to 4.6
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METALLURGY- JEE Page 72

SUBJECTIVE QUESTION FOR BOARD EXAMINATION

Type (I) : Very Short Answer Type Questions : [01 Mark Each]
1. An ore sample of galena (PbS) is contaminated with zinc blende (ZnS). Name one chemical which can be
used to concentrate galena selectively by forth floatation process.
2. What is meant by the term pyrometallurgy ?
3. Which ores can be concentrated by magnetic separation method ?
4. Name the main ore of silver ?
5. What is meant by the term “chromatography”?
Type (II) : Short Answer Type Questions : [02 Marks Each]
6. Why is zinc not extracted from zinc oxide through reduction using CO ?
7. Describe the principle of vapour phase refining of titanium metal.
8. Describe the principle used for preparation of cast iron form pig iron.
9. How the pure alumina (Al2O3 ) is prepared from bauxite ore ?
10. What is the role of depressant in froth floation process?
11. How is 'cast iron' different from "pig iron" ?
12. How is leaching carried out in case of low grade copper ores ?
13. Write down the reactions taking place in blast furnace related to the metallurgy of iron in the temperature
range 500-800K.
Type (III) : Long Answer Type Questions: [03 Marks Each]
14. Write the chemical reactions which take place in the following operations:
(i) Electrolytic reduction of Al2O3
(ii) Isolation of zinc from zinc blende
(iii) Mond's process for refining nickel.

15. Describe the role of

(i) NaCN in the extraction of gold from gold ore.
(ii) SiO2 in the extraction of copper from copper matte.
16. Giving examples, differentiate between 'roasting' and 'calcination'.
17. Why copper matte is put in silica lined converter ?

18. What is the role of graphite rod in the electrometallurgy of aluminium ?

19. Write chemical reactions taking place in the extraction of zinc from zinc blende.
Type (IV) : Very Long Answer Type Questions: [05 Marks Each]
20. Account for the following facts :
(a) the reduction of Cr2O3 with Al is thermodynamically feasible, yet it does not occur at room temperature.
(b) pine oil is used in the forth floatation method.

21. What chemical principle is involved in choosing a reducing agent for getting the metal from its oxide ore ?
Consider the metal oxides Al2O3 and Fe2O3, and justify the choice of the reducing agent.
22. Explain the role of each of the following in the extraction of metals from their ores:
(i) CO in the extraction of nickel.
(ii) Zinc in the extraction of silver.
(iii) Silica in the extraction of copper
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 Page 73 METALLURGY - JEE
23. Write the reactions involved in the following proccesses:
(i) Leaching of bauxite ore to prepare pure alumina.
(ii) Refining of zirconium by van arkel method.
(iii) Recovery of gold after gold ore has been leached with NaCN solution.
24. How is the concept of coupling reactions useful in explaining the occurrence of non-spontaneous thermochemical
reactions? Explain giving an example.
25. Out of C and CO, which is a better reducing agent at 673 K ?
26. How can you separate alumina from silica in a bauxite ore associated with silica ? Give equations, if any.
27. Describe with chemical equations in the extraction of silver from argentite ore ?

28. Why is the reduction of a metal oxide easier if the metal formed is in liquid state at the temperature of
reduction?
29. The value of  G for formation of Cr2O3 is - 540 kJmol-1 and that of Al2O3 is -827 kJmol-1 . Is the reduction of
Cr2O3 is possible with Al.
30. Copper can be extracted by hydrometallurgy but not zinc. Explain.

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METALLURGY- JEE Page 74

EXERCISE - I

1. The most abundant metal in the earth crust is:- 12. Calamine is:-

(1) Copper (2) Silver (1) BaCO3 (2) ZnCO3

(3) Aluminium (4) Silicon (3) ZnS (4) ZnO

2. Metallurgy is the process of:- 13. Which is not a basic flux :-

(1) Heating the ore (2) Crushing the metals (1) Silica (2) Lime stone
(3) Calcite (4) Quick lime
(3) Mining of ore
(4) Extracting metal from ore 14. Pyrolusite is:-
(1) MnO (2) Mn3O2
3. Which of the following is not an ore of Iron:-
(3) SnO2 (4) MnO2
(1) Haematite (2) Limonite
(3) Cassiterite (4) Magnetite 15. The impurities present in the ore is called:-
(1) Slag (2) Flux
4. Which one of the following element is present in the
eyes of certain animals:- (3) Alloy (4) Gangue

(1) Zinc (2) Copper 16. Iron pyrites ore is concentrated by:-
(3) Gold (4) Potassium (1) Froth floatation (2) Electrolysis

5. Haemoglobin in the blood cells mainly contains:- (3) Roasting (4) Magnetic separation

(1) Iron (2) Copper 17. The oil used in the froth floatation method for the
(3) Zinc (4) Silver purification of ore is:-

6. The metal which is extracted from sea water is:- (1) Coconut oil (2) Olive oil

(1) Chlorine (2) Magnesium (3) Pine oil (4) Castor oil

(3) Bromine (4) Iron 18. Which of the following metal can not be extracted
by smelting process:-
7. Litharge is a mineral of:-
(1) Lead (2) Zinc
(1) Magnesium (2) Lithium
(3) Iron (4) Aluminium
(3) Lead (4) Zinc
8. Cinnabar is an ore of:- 19. The flux used in extraction of Iron from haematite
in the blast furnace is:-
(1) Cerium (2) Mercury
(1) Silica (2) Lime stone
(3) Copper (4) Calcium
(3) Phosphorus chloride (4) Calcium phosphate
9. Which one is mineral of zinc:-
20. The reduction of Cr2O3, by heating it with aluminium
(1) Galena (2) Calamine
is known as:-
(3) Cerussite (4) Cinnabar
(1) Smelting (2) Roasting
10. Chemical formula of ruby silver is:- (3) Calcination
(1) Ag2S (2) AgCl (4) Aluminothermic process
(3) AgNO3 (4) Ag2S. Sb2S3
21. Which metal is leached from its ore by the use of
11. Chemical formula of corundum is:- KCN :-
(1) Al2O3. H2O (2) SiC (1) Copper (2) Zinc
(3) Al2O3. 2H2O (4) Al2O3 (3) Gold (4) Iron

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 Page 75 METALLURGY - JEE

22. Name the flux to remove the impurity of SiO2 :- 29. Calomel is the name of :-
(1) P4O10 (2) CaO (1) HgCl2 (2) Hg2Cl2
(3) N2O5 (4) Al2O3 (3) HgCl2 + Hg (4) Hg2Cl2 + Hg

23. In the purification of zirconium by Van Arkel process 30. "Hydro metallurgy" method is used for the extraction
which halogen is used :- of the following metals :-
(1) Fluorine (2) Chlorine (1) Zn & Ag (2) Ag & Cu
(3) Bromine (4) Iodine
(3) Zn & Hg (4) Hg & Cu
24. The process of converting hydrated Alumina into
31. Leaching is a process of:-
anhydrous Alumina is called:-
(1) Reduction (2) Concentration
(1) Roasting (2) Calcination
(3) Refining (4) Oxidation
(3) Smelting (4) Dressing
32. In the extraction of copper from pyrites, iron is
25. In the manufacture of iron from haemetite, lime
removed as:-
stone is added to act as :-
(1) FeSO4 (2) FeSiO3
(1) Flux (2) Slag
(3) Fe3O4 (4) Fe2O3
(3) A reducing agent (4) An oxidising agent
33. During smelting additional substance is added which
26. The metallurgical process in which a metal is ob-
combines with impurities to form a fusible product.
tained in a fused state is called:-
Product from is known as :-
(1) Smelting (2) Roasting
(1) Slag (2) Mud
(3) Calcination (4) Froth floatation
(3) Gangue (4) Flux
27. Corrosive sublimate is:-
34. Blister Cu is about :
(1) HgCl2 (2) Hg 2Cl2
(1) 60% Cu (2) 90% Cu
(3) Hg 2Cl (4) Hg 2Cl3
(3) 98% Cu (4) 100% Cu
28. Gold is soluble in:-
(1) Conc. HCl (2) Conc. H2SO4
(3) Conc. HNO3 (4) Aqua-regia

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METALLURGY- JEE Page 76

EXERCISE - II
1. Which of the following contain both calcium and 11. Blister copper is:-
magnesium:- (1) Pure copper
(1) Magnesite (2) Calamine (2) Ore of copper
(3) Alloy of copper
(3) Carnalite (4) Dolomite
(4) Copper having 2% impurity
2. Anaemia is caused by the deficiency of:-
12. The concentration of chromite (FeO. Cr2O3) is done
(1) Iron (2) Zinc
by :-
(3) Iodine (4) Calcium
(1) Leaching process (2) Magnetic separation
3. Which of the following is dolomite:- (3) Froth -flotation (4) Calcination
(1) CaCO3. MgCO3 (2) Cu2S Fe2S 3
13. The function of flux during the smellting of ore is:-
(3) CdS (4) ZnS (1) To make the ore porous
4. The following metal- ore combination is wrong:- (2) To remove gangue
(1) Pb- Galena (2) Fe- Haematite (3) To facilitate reduction
(3) Al- Bauxite (4) Mn- Rutile (4) To facilitate oxidation

5. An example of halide ores is:- 14. Mark the variety of iron which has highest melting
point:-
(1) Galena (2) Bauxite
(1) Pig iron (2) Cast iron
(3) Cinnabar (4) Cryolite
(3) Steel (4) Wrought iron
6. Leaching method is used to concentrate the ores
of:- 15. Which one of the following metals can not be
extracted by using Al as a reducing agent :-
(1) Gold (2) Silver
(1) Na from Na 2O
(3) Aluminium (4) All of these
(2) Cr from Cr2O3
7. The process in which an ore is heated in excess of
air below its melting point is called:- (3) Mn from MnO2
(4) V from V2O5
(1) Roasting (2) Calcination
(3) Reduction (4) Smelting 16. In the electrolytic refining for aluminium extraction
the electrolyte used is:-
8. The main reducing agent for the extraction of a
metal in a blast furnace is:- (1) Fluorides of Al, Na and Ba

(1) Coke (2) Carbon (2) Al(OH)3 in NaOH solution

(3) Carbon dioxide (4) Carbon monoxide (3) An aqueous solution of Al2(SO4)3
(4) Molten Al2O3
9. Aluminium is purified by :-
(1) Roasting 17. Which substance is used as basic refractory material
(2) Sublimation in furnace :-
(1) Al 2O 3 (2) SiO 2
(3) Electrolytic refining
(3) CaO (4) Fe 2O 3
(4) Reduction with carbon
10. In Goldschmidt thermite process, reducing agent 18. Which is acidic flux :-
is:- (1) SiO 2 (2) Fe 2O 3
(1) Fe (2) Na (3) Ca (4) Al (3) Al 2O 3 (4) CaO

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 Page 77 METALLURGY - JEE

19. Anode mud obtained after electrolytic refining of copper 22. In blast furnace, maximum temperature is in :-
contains :-
(1) Zone of fusion
(1) Ag (2) Au
(2) Zone of combustion
(3) Pt (4) All
(3) Zone of slag combustion
20. Matte :- (4) Zone of reduction
(1) Cu 2S + FeS (2) Cu 2 O + FeS 23. Mac Arthur process is used for :-
(3) Cu 2 O + Cu 2 S (4) FeS + SiO 2 (1) Ag (2) Fe
21. Calcination is the process of heating the ore :- (3) Cl (4) O 2
(1) in inert gas
(2) in the presence of air
(3) in the absence air
(4) in the presence of CaO and MgO

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METALLURGY- JEE Page 78

EXERCISE - III
1. Argentite is an ore of :-
(1) Iron (2) Gold
9. Silica is added to roasted copper ores during smelting
(3) Platinum (4) Silver
in order to remove:-
2. A mineral is called ore if
(1) Cuprous sulphide
(1) Metal present in the mineral is costly
(2) A metal can be extracted from it (2) Ferrous oxide
(3) A metal can be extracted profitably from it (3) Ferrous sulphide
(4) A metal can not be extracted from it (4) Cuprous oxide
3. Select the correct statement:-
10. Which method of purification is represented by the
(1) Dolomite is the ore of Zinc
following equations
(2) Galena is the ore of Mercury
523 K
Ti + 2I2  1700 K
(3) Magnesite is the ore of Iron  TiI4   Ti + 2I2

(4) Cassiterite is the ore of Tin
(1) Cupellation
4. In thermite process, thermite mixture is:-
(2) Poling
(1) Al powder + sulphide (2) Zn + oxide powder
(3) Na + Oxide (4) Al powder + oxide (3) Van Arkel

5. In the extraction of copper, metal is formed in the (4) Zone refining

Bessemer converter due to reaction:-
11. In which of the following reaction "Philosopher's
(1) Cu2S + 2Cu2O  6Cu + SO2
wool" is formed:-
(2) Cu2S  2Cu + S

(1) Zn + S  ZnS
(3) Fe + Cu2O  2Cu + FeO
(4) 2Cu2O  4Cu + O2 
(2) Zn + Cl2  ZnCl2
6. Which of the following process involves smelting

(3) FeS + O2  FeO + SO2
(1) 2 PbS + 3O 2  2PbO + 2SO 2 
(2) Al 2O 3. 2H 2 O  Al 2O 3 + 2H 2 O 
(4) Zn + H2O (steam)  ZnO + H2
(3) Fe 2O 3 + CO  2Fe + 2CO 2
12. The incorrect statement is:-
(4) Cr 2O 3 + 2Al  Al 2 O 3 + 2Cr + Heat
(1) Calamine and siderite are carbonates
7. Out of the following, which ores are calcinated
during extraction :- (2) Argentite and cuprite are oxides
(a) Copper pyrites (b) Malachite (3) Zinc blende and iron pyrites are sulphides
(c) Bauxite (4) Malachite and azurite are ores of copper
Correct answer is :- 13. The correct set of carbonate ores is : -
(1) a, b, c (2) b, c (a) Magnesite (b) Siderite
(3) Only a (4) All
(c) Zincite (d) Argentite
8. Which of the following match are incorrect :- The answer is :-
(a) Goldschmidt aluminothermite process - Cr2O3 (1) a, b (2) a, d (3) c, d (4) b, c

(b) Mac Arther cyanide process - Fe 14. Which one is mismatched :-

(c) Mond process - Ni (1) Poling – refining of copper

(2) Cupellation – refining of silver
(d) Van Arkel process – Au
(3) Smelting – An oxidation process
(1) a, c (2) c, d (3) b, d (4) a, b
(4) Roasting – An oxidation process

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 Page 79 METALLURGY - JEE

15. Which of the following reaction is a part of Hall's process 19. Match list I with list II and select the correct answer
:- using the codes given below the lists
List I List II
(1) Al2O3 + 2NaOH  2NaAlO2 + H2O
A. Van Arkel method I. Purification of titanium
(2) Fe2O3 + 2Al  2Fe + Al2O3
B. Solvay process II. Manufacture of Na 2CO3
(3) AlN + 3H2O  Al(OH)3 + NH3 C. Cupellation III. Purification of copper
(4) Al2O3.2H2O+2Na2CO3  2NaAlO2+CO2 +2H2O D . Poling IV. Refining of silver

16. Which of the following ores are calcinated during Codes :

A B C D
extraction :-
(1) I II IV III
(a) Argentite
(2) II I III IV
(b) Bauxite
(3) IV II I III
(c) Malachite (4) III I II IV
(d) Copper pyrites
20. Which of the following reaction is not involved in
Correct answer is :– themite process :-
(1) a and c (2) b and c (1) 3Mn 3O 4 + 8Al  9Mn + 4Al 2O 3
(3) a and d (4) b and d (2) Cr 2 O3 + 2AI  Al 2 O3 + 2Cr

17. Match the method of concentration of the ore in (3) 2Fe + Al 2O 3  2Al + Fe 2 O 3

column I with the ore in column II and select the (4) B 2O 3 + 2Al  2B + Al 2O 3

correct alternate :- 21. Match the following

(I) (II) I II
1. Magnetic separation A Cu 2 S (A) Calcination a. 2Cu 2S + 3O 2 
2Cu 2 O + 2SO 2
2. Froth floatation B FeCr 2O 4
(B) Roasting b. Fe 2O 3. nH 2O 
3. Gravity separation C Al 2(SiO 3 ) 3
Fe 2 O 3 + nH 2 O
1 2 3
(C) Flux c. Cr 2 O 3 + 2Al 
(1) A B C
Al 2O 3 + 2Cr
(2) B A C
(D) Thermite d. SiO 2 + FeO 
(3) C A B
FeSiO 3
(4) B C A
A B C D
18. The following equation repreasents a method of (1) a b c d
purification of nickel by :- (2) b a d c
320 K
Ni (impure ) + 4CO  (3) d a b c
 Ni(CO) 4
(4) c a b d
420K
   Ni ( pure ) + 4CO 22. Which of the following statement is correct for
(1) Cupellation roasting :-
(1) Convert sulphide to oxide
(2) Mond's process
(2) Covert sulphide to sulphate
(3) Van Arkel method
(3) Remove arsenic and sulphur impurities
(4) Zone refining
(4) All
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METALLURGY- JEE Page 80

23. Ag2S + NaCN  A, A + Zn  B 27. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer
using the codes given below the lists :
B is a metal. Hence A and B :-
(1) Na 2 [Zn(CN) 4], Zn (2) Na[Ag(CN)2], Ag L ist-I L is t-II
(3) Na[Ag(CN)4], Ag (4) Na 3[Ag(CN) 4], Ag
I. Cyanide process A. Ultrapure Ge
24. Zone refining process is used for the :-
II. Floating process B. Pine oil
(1) Concentration of an ore
(2) Reduction of a metal oxide III. Electrolytic reduction C. Extraction of Al
(3) Purification of metal IV. Zone refining D. Extraction of Au
(4) Purification of an ore
Codes :
25. Which of the following statements is correct
regarding the slag obtained during the extraction I II III IV
of a metal like copper or iron - (1) C A D B
(1) The slag is lighter and has higher melting point (2) D B C A
than the metal (3) C B D A
(2) The slag is lighter and has lower melting point (4) D A C B
than the metal
(3) The slag is heavier and has higher melting point
than the metal 28. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer
(4) The slag is heavier and has lower melting point using the codes given below the lists :
than the metal I Nitridlie A Process of heating
steel to redness and
26. Which one of the following reactions is an example then cooling it ver y
for calcination process :-
slowly
(1) 2Ag + 2HCl + (O)  2AgCl + H 2 O II Annealing B Proce ss ofr heat ing
(2) 2Zn + O2  2ZnO steel in presence of
(3) 2ZnS + 3O2  2ZnO + 2SO2 NH 3 and producing
(4) MgCO 3  MgO + CO 2 hard coating of Iron
Nitride on the surface
I I I Tempering C Proce ss of heati ng
steel to redness and
then coating it suddenly
by plunging it into water
of oil
I V Quenching D Proce ss of heati ng
quenched steel to a
temperature well below
redne ss a nd then
cooling it slowly.

Code s :

I II III IV
(1) B A C D
(2) B A D C
(3) A B D C
(4) A B C D

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 Page 81 METALLURGY - JEE

EXERCISE - IV (PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION)

1. Refining of impure copper with zinc impurity is to be done by electrolysis using electrodes as :
[AIEEE-2002, 3/225]
Cathode Anode Cathode Anode
(1) pure copper pure zinc (2) pure zinc pure copper
(3) pure copper impure copper (4) pure zinc impure zinc

2. Aluminium is extracted by the electrolysis of : [AIEEE-2002, 3/225]

(1) alumina (2) bauxite
(3) molten cryolite (4) alumina mixed with molten cryolite
3. The metal extracted by leaching with a cyanide is : [AIEEE-2002, 3/225]
(1) Mg (2) Ag (3) Cu (4) Na
4. Which one of the following ores is best concentrated by froth floatation method ? [AIEEE-2004, 3/225]
(1) magnetite (2) cassiterite (3) galena (4) malachite.
5. Heating mixture of Cu2O and Cu2S will give : [AIEEE-2005, 3/225]
(1) Cu2SO3 (2) CuO + CuS (3) Cu + SO3 (4) Cu + SO2
6. During the process of electro-refining of copper some metals present as impurity settle as anode mud. These
are : [AIEEE-2005, 3/225]
(1) Sn and Ag (2) Pb and Zn (3) Ag and Au (4) Fe and Ni
7. Which of the following factors is of no significance for roasting sulphide ores to the oxides and not subjecting
the sulphide ores to carbon reduction directly ? [AIEEE-2008, 3/105]
(1) CO2 is thermodynamically more stable than CS2
(2) Metal sulphides are less stable than the corresponding oxides
(3) CO2 is more volatile than CS2
(4) Metal sulphides are thermodynamically more stable than CS2
8. Which method of purification is represented by the following equation : [AIEEE - 2012, 4/120]
523K
Ti (s) + 2I2(g)  TiI4(g)   1700 K
 Ti (s) + 2I2(g)
(1) Zone refining (2) Cupellation (3) Polling (4) Van Arkel
9. In the context of the Hall - Heroult process for the extraction of Al, which of the following statements is false?
(1) CO and CO2 are produced in this process. [JEE-Main 2015, 4/120]
(2) Al2O3 is mixed with CaF2 which lowers the melting point of the mixture and brings conductivity.
(3) Al3+ is reduced at the cathode to form Al.
(4) Na3AlF6 serves as the electrolyte.
10. Which one of the following ores is best concentrated by froth floatation method? [JEE-Main 2016, 4/120]
(1) Siderite (2) Galena (3) Malachite (4) Magnetite

11. The plot shows the variation of –ln Kp versus temperature for the two reactions.
1 1
M(s) + O (g)  MO(s) and C(s) + O2(g)  CO(s)
2 2 2

M  MO

–ln Kp
C  CO
20

0 1200 T (K)

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METALLURGY- JEE Page 82

Identify the correct statement: [JEE-Main, Online 2016, 4/120]

(1) At T > 1200 K, carbon will reduce MO(s) to M(s).
(2) At T < 1200 K, oxidation of carbon is unfavourable.
(3) Oxidation of carbon is favourable at all temperatures.
(4) At T < 1200 K, the reaction MO(s) + C(s)  M(s) + CO(g) is spontaneous.

12. Extraction of copper by smelting uses silica as an additive to remove : [JEE-Main, Online 2016, 4/120]
(1) FeS (2) FeO (3) Cu2S (4) Cu2O

13. Oxidation state of the metal in the minerals haematite and magnetite, respectively, are [JEE]
(1) II, III in haematite and III in magnetite (2) II, III in haematite and II in magnetite
(3) II in haematite and II, III in magnetite (4) III in haematite and II, III in magnetite

14. In the cyanide process of Ag from Argentite ore, the oxidising and reducing agents used are [JEE]
(1) O2 , CO (2) O2 , Zinc (3) HNO3, Zinc (4) HNO3 , CO

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 Page 83 METALLURGY - JEE

ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE - I

Q u e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans 3 4 3 1 1 2 3 2 2 4 4 2 1 4 4
Q u e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans 1 3 4 2 4 3 2 4 2 1 1 1 4 2 2
Q u e. 31 32 33 34
Ans 2 2 1 3

EXERCISE - II

Q u e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 4 3 4 4 2 2 4 1
Q u e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ans 1 3 1 4 1 3 2 1

EXERCISE - III

Q u e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans 4 3 4 4 1 3 2 3 2 3 4 2 1 3 4
Q u e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Ans 2 2 2 1 3 2 4 2 3 2 4 2 1

EXERCISE - IV

1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (2) 4. (3) 5. (4)

6. (3) 7. (3) 8. (4) 9. (4) 10. (2)

11. (4) 12. (2) 13 (4) 14. (b)

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