SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STRAND OF ENROLLED

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN HOSPITALITY

MANAGEMENT IN POLYTECHNIC
COLLEGE OF DAVAO DEL SUR
SCHOOL YEAR 2019-2020

Joyce Rivera

Kit Duga

September 2019
 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STRAND OF ENROLLED
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN HOSPITALITY
MANAGEMENT IN POLYTECHNIC
COLLEGE OF DAVAO DEL SUR
SCHOOL YEAR 2019-2020

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty and Staff

of Polytechnic College of Davao del Sur, Inc., Digos City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management (BSHM)

Joyce Rivera

Kit Duga

September 2019
 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Education, in the largest sense, is any act or experience that has a

formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual. In

its technical sense, education is the process by which “society deliberately

transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills and values from one generation

to another” (Gagan 2010).

The Hospitality Management education program has been designed to

develop skill sets to students needed in the hospitality industry while achieving

the academic rigor demanded by institutions. Presently, there has been an

immense interest among a section of students to pursue hospitality

management education as a career in the tourism industry. Educating future

managers and executives poses a challenge to these programs, given the

number of different operational segments included under the rubric of

hospitality industries, all unique entities sharing common hospitality and

tourism elements: restaurants, hotels, travel, attractions, conventions, and

leisure (Ottenbacher, Harrington, & Parsa, 2009).

In the Philippines, the Basic Education Program known as the Republic

Act No. 10533 series 2012 was signed into law on May 15, 2013 intended to

improve the quality of the high school graduates. The School year 2016-2017

saw the full implementation of the K to 12 Basic Education Program.

 Senior High School prepares the students for higher learning as subjects

from the Basic Education Program from the General Education program of the

College Level were transferred to the Senior High School. More importantly,

the additional two years of High School will prepare the students employment,

entrepreneurship, and skills development as the students undergo a core

curriculum and subjects under their chosen strands namely: Accountancy,

Business and Management, General Academic Track, Humanities and Social

Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Arts and Design

Track, Sports Track, and Technical-Vocational Livelihood Track.

In the competitive world, graduates not only need to be successful in

academic achievements, but also need to possess the relevant skills in order

to be employed by future employers, or to prepare them for their chosen

course in college. The quality of graduates is vital because these will help to

ensure that graduates are equipped with the knowledge, skills and values that

will enable them to work in their respective field.

Hence, the objective of this study is to determine the completed senior

high school strand of the presently enrolled Bachelor of Science in Hospitality

Management students which may serve as a basis in gauging the congruency

of their senior high school strand to their present Hospitality Management

course.
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the congruency of completed Senior High

School strand of enrolled Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management

students with their present education program.

It specifically aims to answer the following questions:

1. What was the completed senior high school strand of the enrolled

Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management students?

2. Is the completed strand of the Bachelor of Science in Hospitality

Management students congruent with their education program?

3. What are the reasons of non-congruency and/or congruency of the

Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management student’s completed

strand with their education program?

Hypothesis

It is hypothesized that the completed Senior High School strand of

enrolled Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management students is congruent

with their present education program.

Theoretical Background

Lent et al. (1994) developed Social Cognitive Career Theory to facilitate

understanding of career choice, interest, and performance processes. This

theory identifies the factors that interplay when a student chooses a certain

track and progresses on the chosen career path. Moreover, it provides a

framework on using social cognitive processes to explain success and failure,

academic outcomes, and career outcomes. This theory helps in exposing areas

that may aid researchers to understand more about career decision making

and career-related personal variables. Researchers have used this model as

basis for a number of studies in different settings.

Another theory is the self-determination theory, which states that the

students’ motivation for academic performance varies in both strength

(amount) and quality (nature), and both variations predict learning,

achievement, and continuation to college (Deci & Ryan, 2002; Reeve, 1996).

Self-determined, intrinsic motivation emerges from the learner’s own needs

and desires rather than from outside pressures (Deci & Ryan, 1987). It is this

high-quality, intrinsic, self-determined motivation that most powerfully

predicts positive school-related engagement and success. Students can

increase their motivation towards learning of tasks and content through

internalization, the process of a student adopting increasing choice and value

for learning, and ownership of the learning process.

Just as self-determination is important to student motivation, so are

students’ goals. Both sets of characteristics help to explain the reasons why

students engage (or fail to engage) in school-related tasks. According to

achievement goal theory (Harackiewicz, Barron, Pintrich, Elliot, & Thrash,

2002), it is not only the strength but also the nature of students’ academic

goals that influence their approaches to learning opportunities and their

 consequent learning and achievement. Future goals operate when students

engage in learning for the instrumental value of present knowledge in service

of future tasks.

Conceptual Framework

Senior High School Strand:

 Accountancy, Business and

Management
Congruency in Bachelor
 General Academic Track,
of Science in
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hospitality
 Science, Technology, Engineering
Management Course
and Mathematics

 Arts and Design Track

 Sports Track

 Technical-Vocational Livelihood

Track

Figure1. A conceptual framework for the study of the congruency of

the completed Senior High School strand of the currently enrolled

students under the Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management

Course
 Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study. It shows whether

their completed senior high school strands corresponds with their present

education program.

Scope and Delimitation

This research will focus on the congruency of the completed senior high

school strand of the currently enrolled Bachelor of Science in Hospitality

Management students in Polytechnic College of Davao del Sur. The

respondents of this study will consist of the currently enrolled Bachelor of

Science in Hospitality Management in Polytechnic College of Davao del Sur

school year 2019-2020 who have completed the K to 12 Basic Education

Program during high school. This study will be conducted on October 2019. A

purposive sampling will be used. Students who dropped out of the Hospitality

Management program in the middle of the school year will not be included.

Significance of the Study

The study is perceived to be of significance and relevance to the

following:

Hospitality Management Department. Through the study, the school

department will be able to develop ideas or interventions to enhance the

student’s competency for educational opportunities and their future skills

career placement.

Senior High School students. With the finding of this study, senior high

school students who are interested to pursue this course will be guided and
regarding the relevance of their chosen senior high school strand to their

career development and future endeavor such as job or career placement.

Future researches. The study may serve as frame of reference for

researchers who would like to dwell on studying similar situations in the same

field.

Definition of Terms

These are the following terms commonly used in this study: