Simple Past Tense : Forme

Afirmativ :
S + verbul la forma a II a de pe lista verbelor iregulate
We went to the zoo yesterday. – Am fost la zoo ieri.

S + verb + ed – pentru cele regulate

I phoned her. – I-am dat telefon.

Negativ :
S + aux DO la trecut (did) + not + verbul la infinitiv
We did not finish the project in due time. – Noi nu am terminat proiectul la timp.

Interogativ :
Did + S + verbul la infinitiv ?
Did you eat all the chocolate? – Ai mancat toata ciocolata?

Trecutul simplu (Simple Past Tense) se foloseste pentru a exprima :

A. Actiuni terminate in trecut la un timp stabilit

o Cand locul si timpul unde se petrece actiunea ne sunt date
Marta called me in the morning from the hospital. – Marta m-a sunat dimineata de la
spital.

o Cand se intreaba timpul

When did you go to the Opera? – Cand ai fost la Opera?

o Cand timpul e definit ca rezultat al unei intrebari

When did they find her? They found her 2 hours ago. – Cand au gasit-o? Ei au gasit-o
acum 2 ore.
B. Actiuni care s-au intamplat imediat una dupa alta in trecut
They went into the house, brought food from the fridge and set the table in the yard. – Ei
s-au dus in casa, au adus mancare din frigider si au pus masa in curte.

C. Obiceiuri in trecut care acum sunt terminate

I used to go to ballet 5 years ago. – Obisnuiam sa ma duc la cursuri de balet acum 5
ani.

Adverbe ce se folosesc cu Simple Past Tense : yesterday, the day before

yesterday, last week, two weeks ago
Past Continuous Tense : Forme
Afirmativ :
S + verbul To BE la past tense + verbul de conjugat + ING
I was reading the lesson when the teacher came in. – Citeam lectia cand a intrat
profesoara.

Negativ :
S + verbul To BE la past tense la forma negativa + verbul de conjugat + ING
They weren’t looking for Susan; they were looking for her sister. – Ei nu o cautau pe
Susan, ei o cautau pe sora ei.

Interogativ :
Verbul To BE la past tense + S + verbul de conjugat + ING
Was he driving too fast when he had the accident? – Conducea el prea repede cand a
avut accidentul?
Trecutul simplu (Past Continuous Tense) se foloseste pentru a exprima :
• actiune care se afla in desfasurare la un moment dat in trecut.
While wou were having a bath, the phone rang. – In timp ce faceai baie a sunat
telefonul.

• actiune care continua de ceva vreme

Yesterday I was jogging in the park. – Ieri, faceam jogging in park.
• actiune care are loc in acelasi timp cu o alta actiune in trecut
While I was reviewing the article my husband was watching his favourite tv show. – In
timp ce eu revizuiam articolul sotul meu urmarea show-ul tv favorit.
• un echivalent in trecut al prezentului continuu
They told us they were spending the night at Select. – Ei ne-au spus ca o sa-si petreaca
noaptea la Select.

Adverbe folosite cu Past Continuous Tense: while, when , all morning, all night, as
Past Perfect Tense : Forme
Afirmativ :
S + Past tense al verbului To HAVE + participiu trecut
Atentie: La verbele regulate participiul trecut = verb + ed iar la cele neregulate este
forma a 3a de pe lista verbelor iregulate.
At last she showed me the dress she had bought. – Intr-un sfarsit, mi-a aratat rochia
pe care si-o cumparase.

Negativ :
S + Past tense al verbului To HAVE + Not + participiu trecut
They hadn’t gone to Mt. Omu, they had gone to another peak. – Ei nu au mers pe
varful Omu, au mers pe alt varf.

Interogativ :
Past tense al verbului To HAVE + S + participiu trecut
Hadn’t he loved you? – Nu te iubea?

Past Perfect Tense se foloseste pentru a exprima :

- O actiune care a avut loc inaintea altei actiuni in trecut.
By 12 o clock the cleaning lady had aired all the rooms in the hotel. – Pana la ora 12
camerista aerisise toate camerele din hotel.
- Cauza unui efect trecut
Why did the window break? Because he had thrown a stone at it. – De ce s-a spart
geamul? Pentru ca el a aruncat o piatra in el.

Adverbe care se folosesc cu Past Perfect Tense: just, already, by, hardly, scarcely
Past Perfect Continuous Tense : Forme
Afirmativ :
S+ had been + participiu prezent Participiu prezent = verb + ing
I have been thinking of writing you a mail when you called me. – Eu ma gandisem sa
iti scriu un mail cand tu m-ai sunat.

Negativ :
S + had + Not + been + present participle
I hadn’t been waiting long in a queue when I heard a voice calling my name. – Nu
stateam de mult la rand, cand au auzit o voce strigandu-mi numele.

Interogativ:
Had + S + been + present participle
They hadn’t been doing their tasks so they didn’t get a bonus. – Ei nu si-au indeplinit
din taskuri deci nu au primit un bonus.

Past Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima :

- O actiune in desfasurare la un moment dat in trecut, durata fiind precizata.
They had been working for over an hour until the bus came. – Ei vorbisera timp de o ora
pana a venit autobuzul.

- Arata efectul unei actiuni intamplate in trecut.

Marc was tired because he had been working for a project all night long – Marc era
obosit pentru ca a lucrat pentru un proiect toata noaptea.

Adverbe care se folosesc cu Past Perfect Continuous Tense: by the time, since, for,
before
Simple Future Tense: Forme
Afirmativ :
S + will + verbul la infinitiv
You will feel better if you take this pill. - Tu o sa te simti mult mai bine daca iei acesta
pastila.

Negativ :
S + will not (won’t) + verbul la infinitiv
I won’t tell where she is. – Nu iti voi spune unde este ea.

Interogativ:
Will + S + verbul la infinitiv
Will you love me in 10 years? – O sa ma iubesti si peste 10 ani?

Future simple se foloseste pentru a exprima :

- Promisiuni, amenintari, cereri, sperante
I will never tell you anything. – Nu o sa iti mai spun niciodata nimic.

- Actiuni care vor avea loc in viitor si peste care nu putem avea control
Next year Easter will be on 15 of April.

- Decizii luate pe moment, spontane

I will buy this car, I love it. – Voi cumpara acesta masina, imi place.

- Previziuni despre viitor

I believe she will be a great politician one day. – Cred ca va fi un bun politician intr-o zi.
 Going To Future
Se foloseste pentru a exprima :
- Planuri, intentii pentru viitor
I am going to travel to Spain one day. – Intentionez sa vizitez Spania intr-o zi.

- Predictii bazate pe ceea ce stim sau ce vedem

Look at the sky. It is going to rain soon. – Uita-te la cer, va ploua in curand.

- Actiuni la care ne-am hotarat deja sa le facem in viitorul apropiat

We are going to visit our relatives in the weekend. – Noi vom merge sa ne vizitam rudele
in acest weekend.

Adverbe folosite cu Simple Future Tense : tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, soon,
next week, in a week, month
Future Continuous Tense: Forme
Afirmativ :
S + Will be + present participle
The Health Organisation will be opening a new hospital in this city. – Organizatia de
sanatate va deschide un nou spital in acest oras.

Negativ :
S + will not (won’t) + present participle
The train won’t be arriving any time soon; there was an accident on the road. – Trenul
nu va ajunge prea curand, a avut loc un accident pe drum.
Interogativ:
Will + S + be + present participle
Will you be shouting at me if I tell you the truth? – Vei tipa daca iti voi spune
adevarul?

Future Continuous Tense se foloseste pentru a exprima :

- Actiuni care se vor desfasura intr-un anumit punct din viitor
By this time tomorrow I will be sailing on the Mediteranean Sea.
- Actiuni care vor avea loc in viitor ca urmare a unei actiuni de rutina sau unui aranjament
Do not interrupt her now. She will be signing a contract. – Nu o intrerupe acum. E pe
cale de a semna un contract.

Adverbe si locutiuni adverbiale folosite cu Future Continuous Tense :

tomorrow, by this time tomorrow.
 Future Perfect Tense: Forme
Afirmativ :
S + will have + past participle al verbului de conjugat past participle = forma a
III a verbului
Tomorrow at 9 they will have left for Sibiu. – Maine la ora 9 ei vor fi plecat spre
Sibiu.

Negativ :
S + will not have + past participle al verbului de conjugat
When you phone Julie I will not have arrived at the station. – Cand o suni pe Julie eu
nu voi fi ajuns in statie.

Future perfect se foloseste pentru a exprima :

- O actiune vazuta din viitor dar care se intampla in trecut
They will have had dinner by the time their friend arrives. – Ei vor fi luat cina pana vor
ajunge prietenii lor.
Adverbe ce se folosesc cu Future Perfect Tense : by the time, after, unti, by
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense: Forme
Afirmativ :
S + will have been + present participle al verbului de conjugat present participle =
verbul + ing
While Michael will have been writing his exercices, Maria will have been playing the
violin. – Cat timp Mihai isi va fi scris exercitiile, Maria va fi cantat la vioara.

Negativ :
S + will not have been + present participle al verbului de conjugat
You will not have been working here by this summer. – Tu nu vei fi lucrat aici pana in
aceasta vara.
Future Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima :
- O actiune in desfasurare la un moment dat in viitor, durata actiunii find precizata.
Tomorrow at 7 I will have been sleeping for 10 hours. – Maine la ora 7 voi fi dormit de 10 ore.

Adverbe ce se folosesc cu Future Perfect Continuous Tense : by…for