ASSIGNMENT

SUBMITTED TO:
MAM FARHANA

SUBMITTED BY:
NOMAN AKRAM
ROLL NO:
70093078
DEPARTMENT:
UIMLT

Scientific Writing 8th Semester

 TENSES
DEFINATION
The word „tense comes from the Latin word “tempus” which means time. So tense denotes the
time of action of verb.

Tenses play a crucial role in the English language. It denotes the time an action takes place,
whether sometime in the past, in the present or will take some time in the future.

TYPES OF TENSES
PRESENT TENSE
• Present Simple Tense
• Present Continuous Tense
• Present Perfect Tense
• Present Perfect Continuous Tense

PASTE TENSE
Tense
• Past Simple Tense
• Past Continuous Tense
• Past Perfect Tense
• Past Perfect Continuous Tense

FUTURE TENSE
Tense
• Future Simple Tense
• Future Continuous Tense
• Future Perfect Tense
• Future Perfect Continuous Tense
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
When a sentence is used to describe an action that's happening at present and does not indicate
when the action is expected to end.
Structure: "Subject + Verb (Base Form) + Object “
Some Examples:
I write a letter.
The sun sets in the west.
They do not read lessons.
Does water maintain its surface level?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Present continuous usually defines an act that is going on at the time of speaking.
Structure: "Subject + be (is, am, are) + Verb+ -ing + Object “
Some Examples:
Mom, I am playing football.
Are they still living here?
Please wait for a moment, Shyam is talking to Mary.
We are late; he will be waiting for us at the restaurant now.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
The Present Perfect Tense explains the incident that has happened in the past and that continues
until the present time.
Structure: "Subject + be (have, has) + Verb (past
participle) + Object
Examples:
She has learnt a lesson
It has not rained.
Has it rained?
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Usually, Present Perfect Continuous Tense is used for a situation that has occurred in the past
and which continues until that moment.
Structure: "Subject + have been / has been + Verb+ -ing + Object “
„Since‟— if the point of time is mentioned.
„For‟ — if the duration of time is specified.
Examples:
It has been raining for three days.
He has not been playing cricket for two hours.
Have they been watching television since 6 O’clock?
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Simple past tense is used to narrate an action of the past. In a sentence “yesterday, ago, last, since
etc is used.
Structure: Subject + verb(Past form) + Object
Examples:
He gave me a gift.
She did not write a letter to him.
Did you answer correctly?
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
This from of tense indicates activities that have already happened in the past and have been
completed before the time of mention.
Structure Subject + was/were + Verb in its -ing form +
Object
Examples:
He was taking exam last month.
You were not waiting for him yesterday.
Was it raining yesterday?
PAST PEREFECT TENSE
It is used to express an action which has occurred in past (usually, a long time ago) and action
which has occurred in past before another action in past.
Structure: Subject + had + 3rd form of verb or past
participle + object.
Example:
They had visited a doctor.
I had not finished my work last year.
Had it rained heavily last month?
PAST PEREFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
A continuous action that was completed sometime in the past falls under Past Perfect Continuous
tense
Structure: Subject + had + been + Verb (ing) + object
Example:
I had been waiting for him for one hour.
They had not been watching television since 6 O’clock.
Had she been working in this office since 2007?
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
This tense is used for those sentences which refer to the actions which will occur later, in future.
Structure:
Subject + Shall/Will + Verb (Present form) + object
Examples:
He will start a business.
The pattern of exam will not change next year.
Will they buy a new car?

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

This tense defines those acts which will be continued at a future point of time
Structure: Subject + „Shall/will' + 'be' + present participle of the verb
(ing) + object
Examples:
I will not be waiting for you.
You will be feeling well tomorrow.
I shall be watching the new movie next week.
FUTURE PEREFECT TENSE
This tense is used to express an act that is predicted to be finished within a certain span of time in
the future.
Structure: Subject +„shall/will' + 'have' + 'past participle
of the verb+ object'.
Examples:
He will have finished his work.
You will have left for London by the time this bridge gets renewed.
Calvin will have gone by the time you reach there by bus.

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

This tense form indicates an action that is continuous and, at some point in the future, it will be
completed.
Structure: Subject + 'will/shall' + 'have' + 'been' + 'the past participle
of the verb (-ing)„+obj.
Examples:
We shall have been waiting for him until he comes back.
They will not have shifted to a new home.
Will I have bought a computer?
SOME OF MINE EXAMPLES OF ALL 12 TENSES

TENSES EXAMPLE

Simple Present I play basketball every week.

Present Progressive I’m playing basketball now.

Simple Past I played basketball yesterday.

Past Progressive I was playing basketball the whole evening.

Present Perfect I have just played basketball.

Present Perfect Progressive I have been playing basketball for 3 hours.

Past Perfect I had played basketball before mary came.

Past Perfect Progressive I had been playing basketball when Mary came.

Future – will I will play basketball next week.

Future – going to I’m going to play basketball this afternoon.

Future Progressive I will be playing basketball next Sunday.

Future Perfect I will have played basketball by tomorrow.

THANK YOU