BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

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FACTORS AFFECTING OF THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF STEM GRADE-12 STUDENTS OF BESTLINK
COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of
Senior High School Department
BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subject
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

By:

BILLY JOE A. BALUARTE

MELVIN M. BERNANTE
JESSA MARIE CAŇETE
WARREN E. FALLERA
ANTHONY T. GAUDICOS
REYLAN C. GUADAMOR
JANETH D. INFANTE
SHERMAINE J. SUMIKAT

October, 2017

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RECOMMENDATION FOR ORAL EXAMINATION

This thesis entitled “FACTORS AFFECTING OF THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF STEM GRADE-12 STUDENTS OF BESTLINK
COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES”, prepared and submitted by Billy joe
Baluarte, Melvin Bernante, Jessa Marie Caṅete, Warren Fallera, Anthony
Gaudicos, Reylan Guadamor, Janeth Infante Shermaine Sumikat in partial
fulfillment of there requirements for the degree Science, Technology,
Engineering and Mathematics in Research II has been examined and is
recommended for acceptance and approval for Oral Examination.

REYNOLD R. BANGALISAN

Thesis Adviser

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ABSTRACT

Title: FACTORS AFFECTING OF THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF STEM GRADE-12 STUDENTS
OF BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

Researchers:

BILLY JOE A. BALUARTE

MELVIN M. BERNANTE
JESSA MARIE CAŇETE
WARREN E. FALLERA
ANTHONY T. GAUDICOS
REYLAN C. GUADAMOR
JANETH D. INFANTE
SHERMAINE J. SUMIKAT
Adviser: REYNOLD R. BANGALISAN
Degree: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND
MATHEMATICS (STEM) IN RESEARCH II
School: BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
School Year: 2017-2018

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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The current changes redefining the landscape of tertiary education in

the Philippines warrant are-assessment of desired student performance out

comes in many college programs. As such, Science, Technology, Engineering,

and Mathematics (STEM) educators need to formulate strategies to ensure that

these desired program outcomes are met. In order for the educators to come up

with the strategies, it is important to evaluate the possible factors that may

affect academic performance of the students to create a nurturing academic

environment. Academic performance refers to how students deal with their

studies and how they accomplish different tasks given to them by their teachers

(Banquiletal,2009). It also refers on how students deal with their studies and

how they cope with different factors affecting their performance. Academic

performance can also refer to “how well a student meets standards set out by

local government and the institution itself”. Sans giryetal, 2006 cites five

domains that may affect academic performance. These are test anxiety, time

management, test competence, academic competence and study techniques. In

the study of Sansgiryetal, test anxiety refers to the reaction to stimuli associated

with areas associated with the student’s experience of test in go evaluative

situations. Time management was defined as a cluster of behavioral skills that

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are important in the organization of study/course load. Test competence refers

to how students cope with the amount of study material for their exams.

Academic competence, on the other hand, was said to be associated with the

students’ ability to manage their study load and evaluates whether the students

are able to manage the study material in the curriculum. It also refers to the

proficiency of the students with respect to the content taught during courses

over the past academic year and their ability to understand the course material.

Strategic studying techniques are defined as the knowledge and application of

effective study skills or techniques by students. The study identified the

students’ self perceptions with respect to the five domains that may affect

academic performance in order to obtain an initial profile of the students with

respect to academic performance. It is important to determine the students’

perceptions such that academicians may develop strategies that will help

facilitate and guide each student’s learning process to meet the desired program

outcomes as espoused by an outcomes-based education.

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Statement of the Problem

The study aims to focus on the factors affecting the academic

performance of the stem grade-12 students at Bestlink College of the
Philippines during the academic year 2017-2018.

Specifically, its ought to answer the following questions.

1. How may the respondents profile described in terms of:

1.1. Gender
1.2. Age
1.3. Economic status
2. How do the ff. factors affect the academic performance of grade-12 stem
students?
2.1. Absenteeism
2.2. Tardiness
2.3. Family
2.4. Health
2.5. Financial
3. What difficulties are encountered by the respondents as regard to for
mentioned variables?
4. What solutions may be proposed to enhance the academic performance of
the grade-12 stem students?

Hypothesis

This study hypothesized that there are many factors affecting the academic
performance of stem students. This will be proven and the students will
find all about this factors and how will this affect their academic
performance.

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Significance of the Study

The result of the study will be beneficial to the ff. group of persons.
Students -The students will be able to find out the factors that will affect their
academic performances.
Parents - For them to have knowledge and to know the reasons about the
problems that their children. Also to know the factors affecting their child’s
academic performance.
Teachers - Having the awareness about the factors that affects their students
academic performances.
Researchers- For them to have information about the factors that affects the
academic performance of the students.

Scope and Delimitations

This scope and delimitation of the study defines where and when the
study is conducted and who the subjects respondents are.
The study will cover grade-12 stem students. It will be conducted at Bestlink
College of the Philippines, Millionaires Village, Novaliches, Quezon City. It
will establish whether there is significant result about the factors that affects the
academic performance of the students.
This will be delimited only to grade-12 stem senior high school students. It will
be delimited to look the difficulties and factors that affect the academic
performance of grade-12 stem students at Bestlink College of the Philippines.

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Definition of Terms

For better understanding of the study the ff. terms are theoretically and
conceptually defined.

Absenteeism- The practice of regularly staying away from work or school

without good reason.

Tardiness - Arriving or doing something late.

Family - A group of people that are related to each other.

Health - The condition of being well or free from disease.

Financial - It is relating to money.

Age - The time of life when a person does something or able to be comes
legally able to do something.

Gender - The state of being male or female.

Economic Status - Concerning or affecting material resources or welfare.

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The Aim of this chapter is to provide and promote more knowledge for the
study on the academic performance of grade-12 students of Bestlink College of
the Philippines. The study and review literature will help us to enhance our
academic performance and the contribution of this study will have in the
Academic context.

LOCAL LITERATURE
According to Mays (1946), greatly emphasize the importance of having
qualified teachers in the field of teaching, and said that success of any program
is conditioned by the ability of the teacher to teach. If there is a failure at this
point, the whole structure fails. Hence, the implementation, selection,
preparation, and supervision of education will be affected. Moreover, Dayad
(2000) mentioned that good teachers are constantly on the alert for the methods
and instructional materials that will make learning meaningful. With the wise
selection and use of variety of instructional materials or audio-visual materials,
experiences maybe provided to develop understanding.
The factors affecting a students academic performance arise from
several reasons. Thinking skills primarily affect students learning faculties if
they do not learn what they need to learn. If teachers do not know how to catch
the attention of the students, the more the student cannot make himself
attentive to that subject. The students get lazy because it has a subject that they
think that it’s a subject he perceives to be not so relevant to their course;
nonetheless, they still study it. This research was conducting among nursing
students of benguet State University, La Trinidad Benguet to determine the

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factors that affect the academic performance of the nursing students which may
consequently help in the improvement of the students and teachers alike.

According to Minnesota (2007) “The higher education performs is

depends upon the academic performance of graduate students. Durden and Ellis
quoted staffolani and Bratti, (2002) who observer that the measurement of the
students previous educational outcomes are the most important indicators of the
students future achievement; this refers that the higher the previous appearance,
the better will the student’s academic performance in futures and endeavors be.

According to Graetz (1995) conducted a study on socio economic

status of the parents of students and concluded that the socio economic
background has a great impact on the student academic performance. It has
been main source of educational imbalance among a students and student’s
academic success.

Considine and Zappala (2000) also having the same views as Graetz (1995).
In their study on the influence of social economic disadvantage in the academic
performance of the students noticed, they have stated that parents or guardians
who have social, educational and economic advantage definitely strengthen the
level of their child’s success in the future.

According to Marquez (2009) also pointed out that a student who is

successful in his desired career has a good study habits. In line with this, She
stated that students should apply these habits to all of their classes. She also
suggested that the students should not try to study all the subjects in a single
period.

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FOREIGN LITERATURE

According to Bernhardt (32) Believes that is important to recognize

that second language reading is a new and different literacy. As such it is
complex social and psycholinguistic process that cannot be separated into
reading components and language components. Indeed, it can be hypothesized
that second language reading is in part dependent of first language literacy and
other language operations.

According to Teasley (2004) absenteeism is a period of time when a student

who do not attend school will generally fall behind their classmate in their
academic success (Ford & Surphen, 1996) they have fewer opportunity to learn
the materials that will help them to succeed (Epstein & Sheldon).

According to Engels (2006) stressed on his book that the science education that
appropriate for this age of science and technology, however, is no longer the
fact oriented science course for it is increasingly recognized that scientific
progress now tends to be judged in the context of human values. Unfortunately,
at second level, biology is taught as a fixed body of data that constitutes, ‘the
curriculum’. The syllabus is written around this body of material, the
examinations cover it, and expectations are that this particular selection of data
is representative of the science of biology.

According to Boyd (2007), the increased use of Social Networking Websites

has become an international phenomenon in the past several years. What
started out as a hobby for some computer literate people has become a social
norm and way of life for people from all over the world?

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LOCAL STUDIES

According to Joan Guardia (2006), many studies have examined the

factors that influence academic performance in primary and secondary
education as well as at university, with the purpose of enhancing learning at
these stages and reducing drop-out rates. It is within this research framework
that we want to emphasize the deficient performance of students enrolled on
the statistics course in the Faculty of Psychology at the University of
Barcelona. Consequently, this paper attempts to determine the factors that
affect student performance in this subject by under-taking an analysis of a
structural equation model and determining its stability over time. In order to
accomplish our objective, we worked with two samples of students enrolled
statistics classes. First group comprised 211 students enrolled in the academic
year 2000–2001, while the second comprised 287 students enrolled in the
academic year 2001–2002. By administering a questionnaire, we obtained
information concerning such variables as demo-graphic data, previous
academic record, information related to the subject and the degree of
satisfaction with it, the Final mark obtained by the students in the subject. The
parameters for each group of students were estimated separately and the
goodness of Fit of the proposed structural model was assessed. The data
analysis showed a good Fit with both data bases, but the set of estimated
parameters differed in the two academic year under consideration.

According to Veznez (1999), parents from rural areas that have not been
privileged to know the benefits of Having good education may not be
impressed to advise their children to go to school or a child who does not know
the challenges and prospects of pursuing a degree does not give importance of
attending regularly on their classes.

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According to Clark (2009), Good academic performance is important for

elementary age children as tool for successful life as an adult. Proper nutrition
for our children is a construct in which the individual as an invisible being
attains a positive state of integration of mind, body and spirit with the
environmental contexts. Academic achievement for children occurs within the
construct of proper nutrition, living condition of parents and parents support to
their children, as there is mutual influence between academic factors and non
academic factors for a child.

According to Shephard (1996), there are factors that affect the interest of
parents to send their children to school. These factors are their living condition,
the distance of the school from their home, nutritional food intake and
participation of pupils in physical activities. Many pupils do consider going to
school whereas others may be acting purely under duress from parents or peer
group. Pupils’ life involved many important factors that may hinder for
improve it. In the life of pupils there is a combination of all this factors. It has
been recognized that nutrition influences more than just physical well-being of
the children as well as their academic performance. Academic achievement is
extremely important for the pupils, as it is a main determinant factor of their
future.

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FOREIGN STUDIES

According to Syed Tahir Hijazi and S.M.M. Raza Naqvi (2006),

many empirical studies are carried out to explore factors affecting college
students’ performance. The focus of this research is that student performance in
intermediate examination is associated with students’ profile consisted of his
attitude towards attendance in classes, time allocation for studies, parents’ level
of income, mother’s age and mother’s education. The research is based on
student profile developed on the bases of information and data collected
through survey from students of a group of private colleges. Public sector
educational institutions are not the focus of this study.

According to Goddard (2003), the environment and the personal

characteristics of learners play an important role in their academic success. The
school personnel, members of the families and communities provide help and
support to students for the quality of their academic performance. This social
assistance has a crucial role for the accomplishment of performance goals of
students at school.

According to Marzano (2003), the home environment also affects the

academic performance of students. Educated parents can provide such an
environment that suits best for academic success of their children. The school
authorities can provide counseling and guidance to parents for creating positive
home environment for improvement in students’ quality of work.

According to Waters & Marzano (2006) there is a range of factors that

affect on the quality of performance of students. A series of variables are to be
considered when to identify the affecting factors towards quality of academic

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success. Identifying the most contributing variables in quality of academic

performance is a very complex and challenging job. The students in public
schools belong to a variety of backgrounds depending upon their demography.
This diversity is much vast and complex as ever before in Pakistani culture.
Keeping in view all these discussions, researchers conducted this study to
examine the effect of different factors on the students’ quality of academic
achievement at the secondary school level in a metropolitan city of Pakistan.

Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter explains the methodology used in data collection. The

researchers explain the quantitative methodology. More information will be
given on how sampling and observation were used in collecting data.

Research Design

The study used descriptive method design for the investigation to gather
information about the Factors affecting the academic performance of grade 12
Senior High School STEM students at Bestlink College of the Philippines

Respondents of the Study

The sample of the study will cover one (1) section from Grade 12. This
will be taken from a population of Grade 12 Senior High School STEM
students at Bestlink College of the Philippines during the academic year 2017-
2018.

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Instrument used in the Study

The instrument used for the research was prepared by the researchers

based on their readings and the related literature, professional subject books,

and internet access to gather more information about the topic. At the same

time, in order to get more accurate data, the researchers used questionnaire and

conducted interviews among its respondents.

This study is specifically designed to assess the Factors Affecting the

Academic Performance of Grade 12 Senior High School STEM Students.

Questionnaire

The self-formulated questionnaire was the most important instrument used

in the study. A questionnaire is regarded as the most widely used technique for
obtaining Information from subjects. This is because it is relatively economical,
has standardized questions can ensure anonymity, and questions can be written
for a specific purpose (McMillan&Schumacher1993:238). It was because of the
above justification that the researcher has used a questionnaire.

Questionnaires were sent out to learners for completion at the school. The
researchers requested thirty (30) respondents from Grade 12 Senior High
School STEM students and received questionnaires. The learners spent twenty
minutes in completing the questionnaires.

Interview

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This was utilized as the secondary source in collecting the necessary

data. This was used to supplement and authenticate those that were gathered in
the major tool, the questionnaire.

Construction of the Instruments

The researchers read several related literature and studies both in local
and foreign. All of those were utilized for the researchers to pattern in the
construction of the items of the instrument. The first draft was submitted to the
adviser for comments and suggestions. Some items not considered relevant to
the study were discarded. After considering suggestions of the adviser, the
revised form was then presented to the experts for further comments and
suggestions. After the revision, the final draft was constructed and It was ready
for validation.

Validation of the Instruments

The finished final draft was then pre-tested to some second years
Students who were not part of the sampled respondents. The purpose of this is
to determine if there were still items in the questionnaire that were difficult to
understand. After the validation, their Instrument was then reproduced for
distribution and administration.

ADMINISTRATION AND RETRIEVAL OF THE QUESTIONS

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA
The data gathered were carefully analyzed, tallied, and tabulated. The
results obtained from the tabulation were statistically treated using ranking,
1. Frequency, percentage and mean.

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2. Ranking-this is another descriptive measure which describes the

positional importance of one item when compared with one another.
Frequency and percentage was used to determine the frequencies of the

student’s response using the formula:

P=F/Nx100

Where P= Percentage of distribution

F= Number of frequency of responses,

N= Total number of respondents

Statistical Treatment of Data

The following statistics were used:

The data gathered were tallied; computations and presentations of data
were facilitated through the use of tables of percentage distribution. The
weighted mean values of the area of inquiry were likewise computed.

For computing percentage distribution:

P= f ×100

Where:

P= percentage

F= frequency

n= total number of respondents

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For computing over all weighted mean:

X= Ʃfx n

Where:

f=total number of responses

n=total number of respondent

The over-all mean was interpreted using the following scale:

Scale Weighted Mean Descriptive interpretation

5 4.50-5.00 Always

4 3.50-4.49 Sometimes

3 2.50-3.49 Very Often

2 1.50-2.49 Often

1 1.00-1.49 Never

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The scale and interpretation below were used in

determining the effect so fusing social networking sites in the academic
performance of the selected second year college students

Scale Weighted Mean Descriptive interpretation

5 4.50-5.00 Strongly Agree

4 3.50-4.49 Agree

3 2.50-3.49 Disagree

2 1.50-2.49 Strongly Disagree

1 1.00-1.49 Unaware

Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

Every data collected should be analyzed and interpreted form the

researcher about the findings. Data analysis was done manually based on the
information from the questionnaires. The analysis focused on the factors
affecting of the academic performance of grade-12 (STEM) students

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Table 1
Profile of the Student as to Gender

G e n d e r F % R a n k

M a l e 2 0 6 6 . 6 7 % 2
F e m a l e 1 0 3 3 . 3 3 % 1

T o t a l 30 100%

Interpretation

Table 1 present profile of the respondents as to gender with the total of

30 as 100%. The response of male with 10 as 33.33% got the rank 1 followed

by female of 20 as 66.67 got the rank 2. Therefore the majority of the

respondent is Female.

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Table 2
Profile of the Respondents as to age

A g e F % R a n k

1 4 - 1 6 1 3 . 3 3 % 2
1 7 - 2 0 2 8 9 3 . 3 3 % 1
2 1 - 2 5 0 0 % 3
2 6 - 3 0 0 0 % 3
3 1 - a b o v e 0 0 % 3

T o t a l 3 0 1 0 0 %

Interpretation

Table 2 presents profile of the respondents as to age with a total of 30

as 100%. The response of 17-20 with 28 as 93.33% is got the rank 1 followed

by 14-16 with 1 as 3.33% is got the rank 2, and the age of 24-25, 26-30, 31-

above has no respondents. Therefore the majority of the respondent is age of

17-20.

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Table 3
Profile of the Respondents as to Status

S t a t u s F % R a n k

U p p e r C l a s s 0255 0 % 3
Middle ClassLower Class 88.33% 1
16.67% 2

T o t a l 3 0 1 0 0 %

Interpretation

Table 3 presents profile of the respondents as to status with a total of 30

as 100%. The response of middle class with 25 as 88.33% got the rank 1

followed lower class with 5 as 16.67% got rank 2, and last is the upper class

got the rank 3, Therefore the majority of the respondent are middle class.

Table 4

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I n d u c t o r s Mean Response Interpretation Rank

F A M I L Y

1. C a r e g i v i 3n g . 2 7 Disagree 1
2. T r u s t i n F a m 2i l y . 8 7 Disagree 2
3. R e s p o n s i b 2 l e . 7 3 Disagree 4
4. H a v e o w n s h e l2t e r . 5 Disagree 5
5. L i m i t y o u r f a m i2l y . 8 Disagree 3
M e m b e r

H E A L T H

1. E a t n u t r i t i o u s f o3 o d . 3 3 Disagree 2
2. P h y s i c a l a c t i v3i t y . 2 3 Disagree 3
3. C l e a n b o 3d y . 4 Disagree 1
4. S e x u a l B e h a v 2i o r . 6 7 Disagree 4
5. O b e s i t2 y . 5 3 Disagree 5

F I N A N C I A L

1. E n o u g h w o 2r k . 7 7 Disagree 1
2. E n o u g h I n c o 2m e . 6 Disagree 2

Interpretation

Encountered by Grade 12 (STEM) students, Family; Care giving

with 3.27 got rank 1 followed by Trust in family at 2.87 got rank 2, Limit your
family member at 2.8 got rank 3, Responsible at 2.73 got rank 4 and lastly
Have own shelter t 2.5 got rank 5. The mean of Health; Clean body at of 3.4

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got rank 1 followed by Eat nutritious food 3.33 got the rank 2, Physical activity
at 3.23 got the rank 3, Sexual behavior at 2.67 got the rank 4 and lastly Obesity
at 2.53 got the rank 5. Mean while, for Financial; Enough work at 2.77 got the
rank 1 followed by enough income at 2.6 got the rank 2.

Table 5
Difficulties encountered by Grade 12 (STEM) students.

I n d i c a t o r s Mean Response Interpretation Rank

F A M I L Y

1. F i n a n c i a l p r o b 2l e m . 8 3 D i s a g r e e 1
2. L a c k o f p a r e n t2a l . 1 D i s a g r e e 3
G u i d a n c e
3. N o p e r m a n e 1n t . 8 7 Strongly Disagree 4
S h e l t e r
4. B r o k e n F a m 1i l y . 7 Strongly Disagree 5
5. M a n y s i b l i n2 g s . 1 7 D i s a g r e e 2

H E A L T H

1. H e a l t h i s s u1 e s . 8 7 Strongly Disagree 2
2. P e r s o n w / d i s a b i1l i t y . 8 3 Strongly Disagree 3
3. I n s o m n 1i a . 6 3 Strongly Disagree 4
4. P h o b i2 a . 6 D i s a g r e e 1

F I N A N C I A L

1. L a c k o f m o n2 e y . 8 3 D i s a g r e e 1
2. U n e m p l o y 2e d . 6 D i s a g r e e 2

Interpretation

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Difficulties encountered by Grade 12 (STEM) students , The mean of

family ; Financial problem at 2.83 got the rank 1 followed by Many siblings

with 2.17 got the rank 2 , Lack of parental guidance at 2.1 got the rank 3 , No

permanent shelter at 1.87 got the rank 4 and lastly Broken family at 1.7 got the

rank 5 , and the mean of Health ; Phobia at 2.6 got the rank 1 followed by

Health issues at 1.87 got the rank 2 next is Person w/disability with 1.83 got the

rank 3 and lastly insomnia with 1.63 got the rank 4 , meanwhile the mean of

Financial ; Lack of money at 2.23 got the rank 1 followed by Unemployed at

2.0 got the rank 2 .

Chapter 5

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SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the findings that emerged

from the study. The findings presented and the conclusions and
recommendations were made in relation to the problems in question and
directions proposed for future studies.

SUMMARY OFFINDINGS

Based from the gathered data, the researchers came up with the
following findings:
Profile of the Students as to Gender.

The number of the respondents according to their gender shows that the 30 or
60% of the respondents are Male and 20 or 40% is Female. Most of the
respondents are male satisfied by the gathered data.

The respondents according to Age with a total of 30 as 100% The response of

17-20 with 28 as 93.33% is got the rank 1 followed by the 14-16 with 1 as
3.33% got the rank 2 and the age of 24-25, 26-30, 31- above has no
respondents. Therefore the majority of respondent as to age is 17-21 years old.

CONCLUSION

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1. The students of Bestlink College of the Philippines, Senior High School

Department is described in terms of Gender, Age and Economic Status.
2. There are many causes of poor Academic performance. These are the
following first, absenteeism second, financial problem and lastly health
issues.
3. Laziness on making a project and assignments, lack of vocabularies in
terms of English grammar, lack of self- esteem or confidence and being
influence by a bad people, are the common effects of poor Academic
performance in the class, of the students.

RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The Teachers should give some advices to the students to avoid

Absenteeism, Tardiness, Financial problems and Cutting Classes by
giving them a lesson, Inspiration, Encouragement, and Values for them
to know what should be the right.
2. Create a great strategy to avoid this following problem and to ask an
advice to your Teachers, Elders and of course to your parents.
3. Avoid some habits that can affect your academic performance like
Alcoholic drinks, Illegal drugs and Social Media Addictive.
4. Be a good student enough and you should think that you are a role
model to our fellow young children.
5. Academic performance is one of the most valuable evidence that you
are studying well because in future if you find a better job they required
the record of your academic performances, Therefore you should study
well.

“Be trained to be the best, be linked to success”