1. Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?

2. Water and ions can reach the xylem of a plant root through cell walls, without passing through
a cell membrane.
How do these substances move through the cell walls?

3. An area of grassland becomes flooded with sea-water.

Sea-water contains a high concentration of salt.
What is the effect of the sea-water on the functions of the root hairs?
4. Which chamber of the heart has the thickest walls?
A left atrium
B left ventricle
C right atrium
D right ventricle
5. What is a difference between plasma and tissue fluid?

6. What describes the upper cuticle of a leaf?

A a permeable layer allowing water to enter the leaf
B a single layer of cells containing many chloroplasts
C a single layer of transparent cells allowing light to enter the leaf
D a thin non-cellular layer preventing water loss from the leaf

7. Which conditions result in the highest rate of transpiration from a plant?

8. The diagram shows a cut plant shoot in a container of water.

What will stop the movement of water up this stem?
A a fall in the humidity of the air
B a rise in the air temperature
C air bubbles in the xylem
D an insect sucking sugar from the phloem

9. What are the effects of the following activities on pulse rate, when compared to resting pulse
rate?

10. The graph shows changes in the blood pressure in the left ventricle of the heart.
During which period is the left atrium contracting?
Q2. A potometer is used to measure water uptake by a plant. Fig. 2.1 shows the stem and flower
of a plant in a potometer. As water is taken up, the bubble moves in the direction shown.

(a) Name the parts A, B, C and D in Fig. 2.1.

A ......................................................................

B ......................................................................

C ......................................................................

D ...................................................................... [4]

(b) Describe the pathway taken by water as it moves from the potometer, through the plant stem

and into the surrounding air.

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(c) (i) In an experiment, the bubble moved a distance of 60 mm in 10 minutes.

Calculate the average rate at which the bubble moved in mm per min.

............................................ mm per min [1]

(ii) The experiment was repeated in an area of lower light intensity.

Predict and explain what would happen to the rate at which the bubble moved.

prediction ............................................................................................................................

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explanation .........................................................................................................................

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[Total: 11]

Q3. Describe the structure of a capillary and the transfer of a named material between capillaries and
tissue fluid.
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