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– Part 1
AutoCAD Basics
Chapter Objectives
• Describe the AutoCAD screen layout.
• Perform an AutoCAD drawing setup, including setting units, limits, layers, linetypes, and
lineweights.
• Explain the coordinate systems used to create AutoCAD drawings (absolute, relative, and
polar coordinates).
• Create and edit AutoCAD drawings using the commands found on the Draw, Modify, and
Inquiry toolbars.
• Employ object snaps to facilitate construction of AutoCAD drawings.
• Use the Properties tool to inquire about or to change the properties of an entity.
• Add text to a drawing and edit the text including text style.
• Create a floor plan for a small cottage.
• Create multiview drawings of machine parts.
• Plot AutoCAD drawings.
Beginning an AutoCAD Drawing
The AutoCAD Interface
Title Bar
Vertical
Scroll Bar
Drawing Window
Cursor
Command Line
AutoCAD’s Ribbon Interface
Menu Bar
menubar
Creating, Opening, and Saving AutoCAD Drawing Files.
Application Button
Application Menu
Workspace Switching and AutoCAD Classic
Standard Toolbar
Layers Toolbar Properties Toolbar
Modify Toolbar
Draw Toolbar
Angle Input
Dynamic Prompt
Length Input
The current input field has a dark blue background. If entering an X and Y value to define of the
endpoint of the next line, enter the X coordinate first, then type a comma and enter the Y coordinate,
then press Enter.
If entering a length and an angle to define the end of the next line, enter the length first, then press the
Tab key, and enter the angle, then press Enter.
Ortho Button
When Ortho is on, the cursor can only move horizontally or vertically while the Line command.
This is very useful when you want to draw lines that are perfectly horizontal or vertical. The line shown above could
not have been drawn at an angle if Ortho had been on.
Quick Review of Points, Planes, and Lines
Points
A point is an exact “location” in space that is defined by coordinates that are located relative to a known origin point.
Points are often represented in technical drawings by a visible “dot”, and while the dot representing a point is visible, the point has no
dimensional size.
Point located
at 2,3
Origin (0,0)
AutoCAD coordinates are based on the Cartesian Coordinate system.
In the example below, two points (in red) are defined on the XY plane at coordinates 1,2 and 4,3 respectively.
In the example below, two points are defined at coordinates -3,1 and -1.5,-2.5 respectively.
In the example below, a red line begins at a start point located at coordinate 2,2 and ends at a point located at coordinate 8,7
(relative to the origin). These point are collinear.
A point located exactly halfway between the start and end points would be the line’s midpoint.
Angles
Angle
An angle is formed when two, noncollinear lines have the same endpoint. The angle at right is formed by
sides BA and BC. The angle formed by these lines is referred to as angle ABC.
Vertex
In 2D space, the common point where two lines meet is called a vertex. The plural of vertex is vertices.
In the example at right, angle ABC’s vertex is point B and the its sides are lines BA and BC.
Note: When specifying an angle using letters or numbers, the vertex should be the middle letter in the series.
X
Drawing Lines with Absolute Coordinates
0,0
Draw a Line with Absolute Coordinates
Relative Coordinates
You will usually begin a drawing with an absolute coordinate followed by relative coordinates.
Draw a Line with Relative Coordinates
Angles in AutoCAD