Final Cad Manual

Ex.
No : 01
STUDY OF AUTOCAD
Date :
Introduction:
CAD can be defined as the use of computer systems to assist in the creation,
modification, analysis (or) optimization of a design. Much software is available for the designing
purposes such as CAD key, DIAD, CADAM, Designs, etc. but the most versatile and the popular
software in AutoCAD.
About AutoCAD:
Autodesk, this is based and the fourth largest firm in the world is the publisher of
AutoCAD. AutoCAD is a graphical user interface (GUI) and it is very user friendly and
comprehensive. For instance, AutoCAD provides addition help for the user in the form of brief
description of each menu options, which appears in status bar.
Communicating with AutoCAD:
AutoCAD is the perfect servant and it does everything, the user tells it to and no
more. The user can communicate with AutoCAD using the pull down menus and the buttons on the
tool bars and tool palettes. A command is a single word introduction given by the user to the
software by either typing a command or selecting a menu or palette item. AutoCAD responds by
presenting messages in the command prompt area or by displacing a dialogue box. The message in
the command prompt area after tells the user, what to do next or they offer a lot of options. A dialog
box is one which leaves you to adjust the settings or make selections from a set of options pertaining
top a command.
Applications of AutoCAD:
1) Perspective of buildings
2) Orthographic Projections
3) Interior Designs
4) Felicity Planning for Architectural Engineers
5) Process simulation for Chemical Plants
6) Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Design
7) Design of AC/DC motors
8) Finite element analysis etc.,
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System Requirements:
The following are the minimum system requirements for running AutoCAD
1) Operating System: Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000, Windows NT 4.0 with SP 6a or later
2) 128 MB of RAM
3) Pentium III (500MHz) or later
4) Installation 300MB of hard disk space.
5) 64MB of disk swap space (minimum)
6) 10MB of additional memory (RAM) for each concurrent session of AutoCAD
7) SVGA Display
8) Mouse or other pointing device
The following hardware is optional:
1) Printer
2) Plotter
3) Digitizing tablet
4) CD-ROM drive for using Learning Assistant
AutoCAD Advantages:
Following are the advantages of using CAD

o Improved engineering productivity
o Reduced engineering personal requirement
o Drawing modification is easier to make
o Improved accuracy of design
o Better communication
Working With AutoCAD:
Working with AutoCAD is very comfortable, that its features are easy to use pull
down menus to guide the designing process. Using a mouse the user can draw geometric entities of
any complexity and by using a layer, rotate, copy, mirror, chamfer, move, stretch, scale and trim.
For starting AutoCAD following procedure have to be adopted.
o Turn ON the video screen and computer
o The Dos prompt “C” appears on the screen (or) the window screen appears.
If it is Dos prompt, type the following command at the Dos prompt.
C: / > CD AutoCAD
C: / > AutoCAD > ACAD
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The main menu appears on the screen and the user can select the required option. If
the windows screen appears, then the AutoCAD icon in the desktop is double clicked to enter
AutoCAD.
AutoCAD Drawing (or) Screen Editing:
The AutoCAD screen editor consists of four area.

- Drawing area
- Menu area
- Command area
- Status area
The drawing area is the area where user will create drawings. If user moves the
mouse can see editor cursor. The cursor is used to select positions on the screen when creating
drawings. The default size of the drawing area is 12”x 9”.Menu area is on the top of the screen,
commands and menus can be selected from the area.
Command area is at the bottom of the screen here AutoCAD commands are typed.
In this area, AutoCAD prompts the user for information that is needed to compute the drawing.
Status area is at the bottom of the screen. It gives information on the current status
of the drawing.
Title Bar:
The title bar is the topmost line in the screen and it displays the logo of AutoCAD
on the left corner following by the file menu
Menu Bar:
The second line which displays next to title bar is the menu, with various options
such as File, Edit, View, Insert, Tools, Draw, Dimensions, Modify, Help, etc.
Standard Tool Bar:
Below the menu bar is the standard tool bar which consist of various icon such as
New, Open, Save, Print, etc and some of the important commands are also present.
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Menu Bar
Properties Toolbar
Toolbar Drawing Area
Prompt Area
Scroll Bar
Status line
Coordinates
Command Prompt Window:
This window gives the current position of the drawing and the command which is in
use at that time. Also it gives the used commands.
Status Bar:
This bar shows the current status of the drawing.
Tool Bar:
A tool bar is a complete collective display of icon representing different commands.

The figure on the icon will resemble the type of work which the command will perform. Some of the
tools in this bar .
3D Orbit - Modify - Render - Dimension - UCS - Inquiry - Shapes - Views - Draw -

Object - Object properties - solids - View ports - Web - Object snap - Modify I - UCS II - Insert -
Ref Edit – Surface - Zoom – Layout – Reference - Solid Editing.
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Ex.No : 02
COMMANDS FOR AUTOCAD
Date :
Limits:
Sets and controls the drawing boundaries and grid display.

The drawing limits are two-dimensional points in the World Coordinate System that
represent a lower-left limit and an upper-right limit. You cannot impose limits on the Z direction.
Command: LIMITS
Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0.0000, 0.0000>:
Specify upper right corner <12.0000, 9.0000>:
The default Lower left corner is 0,0 and Upper right corner is 12, 9. In AutoCAD, anything
within < > normally used to specify the current setting of the current prompt. When we use the
option ON, the drawing limits restrict the coordinates we can enter to within the rectangular area.
When we use the option OFF, the drawing limits, doesn’t restrict the coordinates within the
rectangular area.
Line:
The most fundamental object in a drawing is the line. A line can be drawn between any two
points by using AutoCAD’s Line command.
Command: Line.
Specify first point: use one of the point fixing methods.
Specify next point: Use one of the point fixing methods.
Specify next point or close or undo: Use one of the point fixing method press enter
to terminate the command.
Co-Ordinate Systems:
AutoCAD uses the following coordinate systems to locate a point in an XY plane:
1) Absolute Coordinate System

2) Relative Coordinate System
3) Polar Coordinate System
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Absolute Coordinate System
In the absolute coordinate system the points are located with respect to the origin (0, 0). For
example, a point with X=4 and Y=3 is measured 4 units horizontally and 3 units vertically. The
absolute coordinates are specified by entering X and Y coordinates, separated by a comma.
Relative Coordinate System
In the relative coordinate system, the displacements along the X and Y axes (DX and DY)
are measured with reference to the previous point rather than to the origin. The relative coordinate
system is designated by the symbol @ and it should precede any relative entry. If we are drawing up
or right the relative entry will be positive. If we are drawing down or left the relative entry will be
negative.
Polar Coordinate System
In the polar coordinate system, a point can be located by defining both the distance
of the point from the current point and the angle that the line between the two points with the
positive X axis. In the polar coordinate system the angle is measured from the horizontal axis as the
zero degree baseline. Also, the angle is positive if measured in a counterclockwise direction and
negative if measured in a clockwise direction.
Circle :
The CIRCLE command is used to draws a circle.
Command: circle
Specify centre point of circle or [3P/2P]: Use one of the point fixing methods or
center an option.
Erase :
The Erase command lets you to delete or remove selected objects from the drawing.
Command: Erase
Subject object: Use any one selection method.
Arc:
Used to drawn an Arc which is defined as a part of a circle. An arc can be drawn in
11 distinct ways using the options listed under the ARC command.
Command: Arc
Specify start point of arc (or) use any point fixing methods
Specify second point arc or (centre/End): use one of the point fixing methods.
Specify end point of arc: use one of the point fixing methods
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Polygon:
Used to draw regular two-dimensional polygons.
Command: Polygon
Enter number of sides <4>: Enter a positive integer.
Specify center of polygon: use one of the fixing methods
Enter an option: (inscribed in circle / circumscribed about circle ) <I> : I
Specify radius of circle: Specify radius of imaginary circle.
Move:
The Move command is used to displace objects at a specified distance in a specified
direction. This does not change the size or orientation of the objects.
Command: move
Subject object: Use one of the object selection procedure
Specify base point of displacement: use one of the point fixing methods.
Specify second point of displacement: use one of the point fixing methods or
press enter or use first point of displacement.
Copy:
Command: copy
Subject object: Use one of the object selection methods
Specify base point or displacement or multiple: use one of the point fixing methods
or enter displacement or M .
Specify second point of displacement: use one of the point fixing or < use first point
as displacement > methods or press.
Array:
Command: array
Subject object: Use one of the object selection methods
Enter the type of array (rectangular array) : R
Enter the number of rows (----) <1> : Enter a positive integer
Enter the number of columns (----) <2> : Enter a positive integer
Enter the distance between rows: Specify a distance
Enter the distance between columns: Specify a distance
Enter the type of array (rectangular /polar) : P
Specify centre point of array : use one of the point fixing methods
Enter the number of items in an array : Enter a Positive integer
Specify the angle to fill [+ccw, - cw ] : Specify angle
Rotate arrangement oblect [Yes/No] : specify an option
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Zoom:
The Zoom command is used to enlarge or reduce the view of the drawing on the screen i.e.
in the view port, but it does not affect the actual size of the drawing.
Command: Zoom enter an option specify a

Specify a corner of a window, centre a scale factor or zoom window, enter a
[all/centre/dynamic/extent/previous/scale/window] scale value, or press enter
to turn on real time.
Regen auto:
Command: Regen Auto
Enter mode [ON/OFF] : Enter an option
Pline:
Command: Pline
Specify start point: Use one of the point fixing methods
Specify next point (or) [Arc/close/half width/length/undo/width]: use one of the
point fixing methods or to enter an option.
Pedit:
The PLine command is used to draw two dimension polylines. The PLINE command
functions fundamentally like the LINE command, except that additional options are provided and all
the segments of the polyline form a single object.
Command: Mirror
Select object: use one of the object selection procedures
Specify first point of mirror: use one the point fixing methods
Specify second point of mirror: use one of the PFM. Delete source object: [Y/N]:
<N>: enter an option.
Break:
Command: break
Select object: use one of the point selection procedures
Specify second point of break: pick the second break point or enter F to break the
object.
Offset:
Command: Offset
Specify offset distance: or [through] <1.00>: Specify a distance
Specify offset <exit>: pick the object to offset
Specify point on side to offset: pick a point.
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Scale:
Command: Scale
Select object : use one the object selection methods
Specify scale factor : specify scale factor (or) value.
Rotate:
Command: Rotate
Select object : use of the object selection methods
Specify base point : use one of the point fixing methods
Specify rotation angle: specify an angle or enter\
Solid:
Command: solid
Specify first point: use one of the point fixing methods
Specify second point: use one of the point fixing methods
Specify fourth point: Use one of the point fixing methods or press enter
Donut:
Command: Dount
Specify inside diameter of dount <10>: Specify a distance
Specify outside diameter of dount < 20>: Specify a distance
Specify centre of dount or <exit>: use one of the point fixing methods
Text:
Command: Text
Current text style: “standard”, text height: 2.5
Specify start of the text 9or0 [justify/style]: use one of the point fixing methods.
Specify height <0.7710>: Enter a positive value
Specify rotation angle of text: Enter a value
Enter text: type the text here
Trim:
Command: trim
Select objects: use one of the object selection procedure
Select objects to trim: [or] [project/edge/undo]: Select the objects to be trimmed at
the point to be trimmed
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Stretch:
Command: stretch
Select objects: use one of the selection procedures
Specify base point of displacement: use one of the point fixing methods
Specify second point of displacement: use one of the point fixing methods
Chamfer:
Command : chamfer
Select first line or [polyline/distance/ angle/trim/method]: use one of the object
selection procedure or enter an option.
Specify second line: use one of the object selection procedure and thus chamfer the
line.
Distance:
Command: dist
Specify first point: use one of the point fixing methods
Specify second point: use one of the point fixing methods
Area:
Command: Area
Specify first corner point or [Add/object/subtract]: use one of the point
Specify second corner point or press enter for total: use one of the point
Specify third corner point or press enter for total: use one of the point fixing
methods and press to get area.
Mline:
Command: Mline
Specify start point (or) [justification/scale/style]: use one of the point fixing
methods
Specify next point: use one of the point fixing methods.
Dimlinear:
Command: Dimlinear
Specify first extension line origin or <select object>: Pick the first extension line.
Specify second extension line origin: Pick the secondextension line.
Specify dimension line location or : [Mtext/text/Angle/horizontal/vertical/rotate]
:Pick the location of dimension line or press
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3D face:
Command : 3d face.
Specify first point or [invisible]: use one of the point fixing methods
Specify second point or [invisible]: use one of the point fixing methods
Specify third point or [invisible]: use one of the point fixing methods
Extrude:
Command: extrude
Select objects: use one of the objects selection methods
Specify height of extension or [path]: Specify a distance
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>: Enter an angle
Union:
Command: union
Select object: one of the object extension methods is used.
Ucs:
Command: UCS
Current ucs name: world
Enter an option [New/move/orthographic/previous/restore] : enter an option.
Subtract:
Command: Subtract
Select solids and regions to subtract from select object:
Use one of the object selection method.
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AUTOCAD COMMANDS
ARC Creates an arc

AREA Calculates the area and perimeter of objects or of defined areas
ARRAY Creates multiple copies of objects in a pattern
BHATCH Fills an enclosed area or selected objects with a hatch pattern
BLOCK Creates a block definition from objects you select
BOUNDARY Creates a region or a polyline from an enclosed area
BOX Creates a three-dimensional solid box
BREAK Erases parts of objects or splits an object in two
CAL Evaluates mathematical and geometric expressions
CHAMFER Bevels the edges of objects
CIRCLE Creates a circle
COPY Duplicates objects
DIST Measures the distance and angle between two points
DIVIDE Places evenly spaced point objects or blocks along the length or perimeter
of an object
DONUT Draws filled circles and rings
ELLIPSE Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc
ERASE Removes objects from a drawing
EXPLODE Breaks a compound object into its component objects
EXPORT Saves objects to other file formats
EXTEND Extends an object to meet another object
EXTRUDE Creates unique solid primitives by extruding existing two-dimensional
objects
FILLET Rounds and fillets the edges of objects
GRID Displays a dot grid in the current viewport
GROUP Creates a named selection set of objects
HATCH Fills a specified boundary with a pattern
HELP (F1) Displays online help
ID Displays the coordinate values of a location
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IMPORT Imports files in various formats into AutoCAD
INSERT Places a named block or drawing into the current drawing
LEADER Creates a line that connects annotation to a feature
LENGTHEN Lengthens an object
LIMITS Sets and controls the drawing boundaries and grid display
LINE Creates straight line segments
LINETYPE Creates, loads, and sets line types
LIST Displays database information for selected objects
LTSCALE Sets the line type scale factor
MLINE Creates multiple parallel lines
MOVE Displaces objects a specified distance in a specified direction
MTEXT Creates multiline text
NEW Creates a new drawing file
OFFSET Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel curves
OPEN Opens an existing drawing file
OPTIONS Customizes the AutoCAD settings
ORTHO Constrains cursor movement
OSNAP Sets object snap modes
PEDIT Edits polylines and three dimensional polygon meshes
PLAN Displays the plan view of a user coordinate system
PLINE Creates two-dimensional polylines
PLOT Plots a drawing to a plotting device or file
POINT Creates a point object
POLYGON Creates an equilateral closed polyline
QUIT Exits AutoCAD
RECTANG Draws a rectangular polyline
REDRAW Refreshes the display in the current viewport
REGEN Regenerates the drawing and refreshes the current viewport
REGION Creates a region object from a selection set of existing objects
ROTATE Moves objects about a base point
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SAVE Saves the drawing under the current file name or a specified name
SCALE Enlarges or reduces selected objects equally in the X, Y, and Z directions
SKETCH Creates a series of freehand line segments
SNAP Restricts cursor movement to specified intervals
SPHERE Creates a three-dimensional solid sphere
SPLINE Creates a quadratic or cubic spline (NURBS) curve
SPLINEDIT Edits a spline object
STRETCH Moves or stretches objects
SUBTRACT Creates a composite region or solid by subtraction
TEXT Displays text on screen as it is entered
TIME Displays the date and time statistics of a drawing
TORUS Creates a donut-shaped solid
TRIM Trims objects at a cutting edge defined by other objects
U Reverses the most recent operation
UNDO Reverses the effect of commands
UNION Creates a composite region or solid by addition
UNITS Controls coordinate and angle display formats and determines precision
XLINE Creates an infinite line
XPLODE Breaks a compound object into its component objects
ZOOM Increases or decreases the apparent size of objects in the current viewport
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Ex.No : 03 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING (MADRAS TERRACED)
Date : [MANUAL DRAWING ]
Aim:
To draw the plan, elevation and section of a office building with RCC roof.
Specifications:
1. Foundation: The foundation for all main walls will be in plain cement concrete 1:5:10
mix, 1000 mm wide and 200 mm thick. The concrete will be laid 800 mm below ground
level. The masonry footings will be in Random Rubble Masonry in CM 1:6, first footing
800mm wide and 300mm thick. Second footing is 600mm wide and 300mm thick.
2. Basement: The basement will be in Random Rubble Masonry in CM 1:6, 230mm wide
and 600mm high above ground level for all walls and the basement is filled with clean sand
to a depth of 400 mm.
3. Super Structure: All walls will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5, 230 mm thick. The
height of all walls will be 3000 mm above floor level. All the walls including the basement
shall be plastered with CM 1:4 externally and CM 1:6 internally for 12.5 mm thick. Parapet
walls 230 mm thick and 450 mm height with brick work in CM 1:5 will be provided all
round.
4. Roofing: The roofing will be of RCC 1:2:4 mix 100 mm thick. A weathering course of 50
mm thick shall be provided over the slab.
5. Lintel: All the internal openings will be provided with 150 mm thick RCC 1:2:4 mix
lintels. All the external openings will be provided with 150 mm thick RCC 1 :2:4 lintels
cum sunshade 600 mm wide
6. Flooring: The flooring will be in cement concrete 1:5:10 mix 170 mm thick. The top is
finished with clay tiles in CM 1:3, 30 mm thick.
7. Steps: Steps will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5 mix laid on 150mm thick cement
concrete 1:5:10 mix footing. Rise will be 150 mm and tread 300 mm.
8. Doors, Windows and Ventilators
D1 - Door - 1100 x 2100mm
D2 - Door - 1200 x 2100mm
W1- Window - 1000 x 1200mm
W2- Window- 1200 x 1200mm
V – Ventilator – 1000x600mm
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Commands used:
Limits, Units, line, Polyline, Offset, Array, Trim, Extent, Rectangle, Hatch, Explode, Copy,
Move, Dimension, Text, Edit, Undo, Rotate, Scale, Match, Property and Zoom.
Procedure:
1. Unit is set as per requirements
2. Drawing area is created as per the required dimensions of the sketch using limit
command
3. OSNAP, ORTHO, POLAR buttons are switched on whichever is necessary.
4. Using EDIT and DRAW commands, the outer line of the sketch is drawn.
5. Required line type and line weight can be used to draw the sketch as per the required
dimensions.
6. Doors and windows are created as per the required dimensions.
7. HATCH command is used to hatch the enclosed boundaries based upon the materials
such as doors, windows, concrete, sand filling, brick works, etc,
8. TEXT command is used to label the various parts of the sketch.
9. DIMENSION command is used for dimensioning the various parts of the sketch.
10. Drawing is saved and soft copy can be taken as print out as per the size requirements.
Result :
Thus the single floor office building is drawn as per the dimensions using AutoCAD
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Line Sketch
Ex.No : 04
A SINGLE ROOMED BUILDING
Date :
Aim:
To draw the plan, elevation and section of a single bed roomed house with R.C.C roof.
.
Specifications:
1. Foundation: The foundation for all main walls will be in plain cement concrete 1:5:10
2. Basement: The basement will be in Random Rubble Masonry in CM 1:6, 300mm wide
3. Super Structure: All walls will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5, 230 mm thick. The
round.
4. Roofing: The roofing will be of RCC 1:2:4 mix 100 mm thick. A weathering course of 50
5. Lintel: All the internal openings will be provided with 150 mm thick RCC 1:2:4 mix
6. Flooring: The flooring will be in cement concrete 1:5:10 mix 170 mm thick. The top is
7. Steps: Steps will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5 mix laid on 150mm thick cement
8. Doors, Windows and Ventilators
D1 - Door - 1100 x 2100mm
D2 - Door - 1200 x 2100mm
D3 - Door - 900 x 2100mm
W1- Window - 1000 x 1200mm
W2- Window - 1200 x 1200mm
V1 – Ventilator – 750x300mm
G1 – Grills - 1000x1200mm
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G.G – Grill Gate- 1000x2100mm
Commands used:
Procedure:

command
3. OSNAP, ORTHO, POLAR buttons are switched on whichever is necessay.
dimensions.
Result :
Thus the residential building is drawn as per the dimensions using AutoCAD
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Line Sketch
Ex.No : 05
RESIDENTIAL R.C.C BUILDING WITH TWO BED ROOM
Date :
Aim:
To draw the plan, elevation and section of a single bed roomed house with R.C.C roof.
.
Specifications:
1 Foundation: The foundation for all main walls will be in plain cement concrete 1:5:10
2 Basement: The basement will be in Random Rubble Masonry in CM 1:6, 300mm wide
3 Super Structure: All walls will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5, 230 mm thick. The
round.
4 Roofing: The roofing will be of RCC 1:2:4 mix 100 mm thick. A weathering course of 50
5 Lintel: All the internal openings will be provided with 150 mm thick RCC 1:2:4 mix
6 Flooring: The flooring will be in cement concrete 1:5:10 mix 170 mm thick. The top is
7 Steps: Steps will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5 mix laid on 150mm thick cement
8 Doors, Windows and Ventilators
D1 - Door - 1100 x 2100mm
D2 - Door - 1200 x 2100mm
D3 - Door - 900 x 2100mm
W1- Window - 1000 x 1200mm
W2- Window - 1200 x 1200mm
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Commands used:
Procedure:
1 Unit is set as per requirements

2 Drawing area is created as per the required dimensions of the sketch using limit
command
3 OSNAP, ORTHO, POLAR buttons are switched on whichever is necessay.
4 Using EDIT and DRAW commands, the outer line of the sketch is drawn.
5 Required line type and line weight can be used to draw the sketch as per the required
dimensions.
6 Doors and windows are created as per the required dimensions.
7 HATCH command is used to hatch the enclosed boundaries based upon the materials
8 TEXT command is used to label the various parts of the sketch.
9 DIMENSION command is used for dimensioning the various parts of the sketch.
10 Drawing is saved and soft copy can be taken as print out as per the size requirements.
Result :
Thus the residential building is drawn as per the dimensions using AutoCAD
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Ex.No : 06
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING - TILED ROOFING
Date :
Aim:
To draw the plan, elevation and section of Residential Building - Tiled Roofing.
Specifications:
1. Foundation: For all main walls the Foundation will be in Cement concrete 1:4:8, 900 x
300mm laid at 1200mm below ground level. The masonry footing will be in Brickwork in
C.M 1:5. The First footing 600x 450mm and second footing being 500 x 450mm for all
main walls.
2. Basement:: The Basement will be in brickwork in C.M 1:5 400 x 450 above G.L for all
walls and sand filling 320 mm. DPC in C.M 1:3 , 20 mm thick.
3. Super structure: For all main walls super structure will be in B.W with CM 1:5, 200mm
thick. The height of the walls will be 2800mm and raised to the required height with the
slope. All the walls including basement will be plastered with CM 1:4 externally and
internally for 12.5 mm thick.
4. Roofing: The slope of the roof will be 30° The roofing wilI be with couple roof covered by
the mangalore tiles laid on country wood reepers of size 50mm x 12.5mm @ 150mm c/c.
the reepers are nailed to common rafters of size 50mm x 100mm @750 mm c/c. The lower
end of the common rafter will be resting on walls plates of size 150mm x 100mm and the
end of common rafter will be fixed with eaves board 25mm x 200mm.The eaves projection
will be 450mm beyond the outer face of walls. Mortar borders 200 mm wide and 150mm
will be provided at suitable spacing.
5. Lintel: For all opening RCC lintel 150 mm thick with 1:2:4 mix will be provided. Lofts 75
mm thick and 450 mm wide will be provided in the kitchen cum dining.
6. Flooring:The Flooring will be in CM 1:3, 20 mm thick over flooring concrete 1:5:10 of
130 mm thick
7. Steps:
Steps will be in brickwork in cement mortar 1:5 laid over a cement concrete bed
1:5:10,100mm thick. Rise will be 150 mm and tread 300mm
8. Doors and Windows:

D1 - Panneled Door - 1000 x 2100mm
W - Panelled Door - 1200 x 1200mm
0 - Opening - 1000 x 2100mm
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Commands used:
Procedure:

2. Drawing area is created as per the required dimensions of the sketch using limit command
dimensions.
7. HATCH command is used to hatch the enclosed boundaries based upon the materials such
as doors, windows, concrete, sand filling, brick works, etc,
Result :
Thus the Residential Building - Tiled Roofing is drawn as per the dimensions using
AutoCAD.
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Ex.No : 07
PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF THE BUILDING
Date :
Aim:
To draw the perspective view of the given room using Auto CAD package
Dimensions:
Size of the room - 3 × 4 m.
One corner of the room makes an angle of 30°
Take the VP along the lintel level of the building.
Result:
This drawing was drawn using the drawing, editing and modifying commands of the
AutoCAD package.
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Ex.No : 08
INDUSTRIAL BUILDING- NORTH LIGHT ROOF
Date :
Aim:
To draw the plan, Elevation, and sectional Elevation of a given Industrial Building with
north roof light truss.
Specifications:
1. Foundation: For all columns plain cement concrete 1:5:10, 1800 x 1200 x 200mm laid at
1700mm below ground level. Footing will be uniformly varying thickness at end 200mm
thick and at face of the column 500mm thick. Sand filling will be provided below the
footing to a thickness of 200mm.Plinth beam will be provided to a size 400x400mm below
the ground Level with RCC1:2:4 mix in between the columns. Above the plinth beam
basement will be 200mm wide and 600mm height. Inside the basement sand filling will be
450mm.
2. Super structure: AII the columns are in the RCC and size 400x200mm, 3600mm high and
3600mm c/c. Brick walls will be provided in between columns to a thickness of 200 mm
and 3600 mm height. All the walls and columns are plastered with CM 1:4 externally and
1:5 internally for 12.5mm thick sand will be filled inside the floor area below GL to a
thickness of 400mm.
3. Roofing: The roofing will be of asbestos cement sheet laid over north light roof truss. The
trusses will be spaced 3600 mm c/c. There are five Bays in the workshop.
4. Truss: North light roof truss Top members and tie beams will be provided 2 nos of
ISA 80x80x8, all other members are ISA 80x80x8, and Vertical rise will be 1/4 of the span.
5. Lintel: All the external openings will be provided with RCC 1:2:4 lintels cum sunshade
150mm thick and 600mm wide. All other internal opening will be provided with 150mm
thick RCC 1:2:4 mix lintels.
6. Flooring: The flooring concrete will be in CC 1:3:6 mix with 150mm thick and top
plastered with CM 1:3, 20mm thick
7. Ramp: ramp will be provided both in front and rear doors
Length - 2400 mm Width - 2000mm
Rise - 450mm at column face End will be level with ground
35
36
8. Accommodation:
Work Shop - 10000×14100mm
Office - 3300×3500mm
Store - 3300×3500mm
9. Doors and windows:
R - Rolling steel shutter -2400×2700mm
D - Paneled door -1000×2100mm
W - Glazed window -1800×1800mm
Commands used:
Limits,Units,line,Polyline,Offset,Array,Trim,Extent,Rectangle,Hatch,Explode, Copy, Move,

Dimension, Text, Edit, Undo, Rotate, Scale, Match, Property and Zoom.
Procedure:
1. Unit is set as per requirements.

command.
dimensions.
Result :
Thus the Industrial Building with north light roof truss is drawn as per the dimensions using
AutoCAD.
37
Ex.No : 09
NORTH LIGHT ROOF TRUSS
Date :
Aim:
To draw the given north light roof truss by using given dimensions.
Procedure:
1. Unit is set as per requirements.

2. Drawing area is created as per the required dimensions of the sketch using limit command.
dimensions.
7. HATCH command is used to hatch the enclosed boundaries based upon the materials such
as doors, windows, concrete, sand filling, brick works, etc,
Result :
Thus the north light roof t truss is drawn as per the dimensions using Auto CAD
39
Ex.No : 10
FURNITURE LAYOUT
Date :
Aim:
To arrange the furniture layout for a single bed roomed house with R.C.C roof.
.
Specifications:
1 Foundation: The foundation for all main walls will be in plain cement concrete 1:5:10
800mm wide and 300mm thick. Second footing is 600mm wide and 300mm
thick.Basement: The basement will be in Random Rubble Masonry in CM 1:6, 300mm
wide and 750mm high above ground level for all walls and the basement is filled with
clean sand to a depth of 400 mm.
2 Super Structure: All walls will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5, 230 mm thick. The
round.
3 Roofing: The roofing will be of RCC 1:2:4 mix 100 mm thick. A weathering course of 50
4 Lintel: All the internal openings will be provided with 150 mm thick RCC 1:2:4 mix
5 Flooring: The flooring will be in cement concrete 1:5:10 mix 170 mm thick. The top is
6 Steps: Steps will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5 mix laid on 150mm thick cement
7 Doors, Windows and Ventilators
D1 - Door - 1100 x 2100mm
D2 - Door - 1200 x 2100mm
D3 - Door - 900 x 2100mm
W1- Window - 1000 x 1200mm
W2- Window - 1200 x 1200mm
41
42
Commands used:
Procedure:
1 Unit is set as per requirements

2 Drawing area is created as per the required dimensions of the sketch using limit
command
3 OSNAP, ORTHO, POLAR buttons are switched on whichever is necessay.
4 Using EDIT and DRAW commands, the outer line of the sketch is drawn.
5 Required line type and line weight can be used to draw the sketch as per the required
dimensions.
6 Doors and windows are created as per the required dimensions.
7 HATCH command is used to hatch the enclosed boundaries based upon the materials
8 TEXT command is used to label the various parts of the sketch.
9 DIMENSION command is used for dimensioning the various parts of the sketch.
10 Drawing is saved and soft copy can be taken as print out as per the size requirements.
Result :
Thus the furniture arrangements are plotted as per the dimensions using AutoCAD
43

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Ex.

Communicating with AutoCAD:

The following hardware is optional:

Following are the advantages of using CAD

Working With AutoCAD:

For starting AutoCAD following procedure have to be adopted.

o Turn ON the video screen and computer

C: / > AutoCAD > ACAD

AutoCAD Drawing (or) Screen Editing:

The AutoCAD screen editor consists of four area.

Standard Tool Bar:

Toolbar Drawing Area

This bar shows the current status of the drawing.

A tool bar is a complete collective display of icon representing different commands.

3D Orbit - Modify - Render - Dimension - UCS - Inquiry - Shapes - Views - Draw -

Sets and controls the drawing boundaries and grid display.

AutoCAD uses the following coordinate systems to locate a point in an XY plane:

1) Absolute Coordinate System

Relative Coordinate System

Polar Coordinate System

Command: Zoom enter an option specify a

ARC Creates an arc

1. Unit is set as per requirements

1 Unit is set as per requirements

8. Doors and Windows:

1. Unit is set as per requirements

Size of the room - 3 × 4 m.

One corner of the room makes an angle of 30°

Take the VP along the lintel level of the building.

Limits,Units,line,Polyline,Offset,Array,Trim,Extent,Rectangle,Hatch,Explode, Copy, Move,

1. Unit is set as per requirements.

1. Unit is set as per requirements.

1 Unit is set as per requirements

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