REFERENCES

1. Esrawe studio’s created a collection of brass and wood lights that are controlled by
sliding or pivoting elements, in example Vari 2 is made from a piece of walnut wood
and circular metal element, The light is turned on by adjusting the angle of a piece of
wood resting on a brass wheel

2. Edwards Anker, who runs Brooklyn practice Nea Studio, moulded sheets of the marine
plant around objects and left them to dry to create the cylindrical pendants. The lamps
are made from a dark green algae variety known as Chlorophyta. This is a seaweed that
is translucent and able to filter sunlight that hits it, producing a glow during the day.
Edwards Anker inserted an electric bulb each of the hanging lights. She chose LEDs
 because they radiate less heat than standard bulbs. Once the light is turned on, portions
of the harden shell glow, while others remain a deep dark colour.

3. Designer Zhekai Zhang has developed a method of staining porcelain with

used coffeegrounds to mimic the texture of marble, and applied the technique to a
collection of lamps called Coffire. The method, inspired by ancient Chinese pit-firing
techniques, forms an "imperfect" random texture, meaning each Coffire pendant light
is different.
4. Mexican designer Bandido Studio has created a pendant lamp with a textured charcoal
grey surface created by heating up black enamel. They applied the porcelain enamel to
various metals including aluminum, copper, and brass, but eventually settled on
carbonising it to steel because of its strong hold and colour results.

The lamp's spotted design is created by sprinkling various concentrations of the

porcelain enamel onto the steel. This process means that every lamp is unique. The
studio decided to use Peltre – a porcelain enamel that is popular in the country due to
its durability – because of its rich Mexican history. It is most commonly found in
kitchen homeware products such as pots, pans, plates, and utensils.
5. Hangzhou-based designer Jun Jie Zhang aims to show the softer qualities of bamboo
with his series of woven light shades. The Bamboo Softness lighting collection
features bent lengths of bamboo arranged to create organic, hollow shapes to be used
as lamp shades. The shades include wavy patterns composed of intersecting sets of
parallel lines, which form intricate shadows when light is projected through them.
Focusing on materials, crafts and technology, the Hangzhou-based practice aims to
integrate elements of traditional Chinese culture into objects designed for the modern
day.
6. London-based designer Nir Meiri has created a series of table lamps using
mushroom mycelium, as an alternative to synthetic materials. The shades for each of
the minimal table lamps is made from mycelium – the vegetative part of a fungus –
while more conventional metal forms the stand and base. Each lamp is illuminated from
below by a separate light source, which projects onto the mycelium shade to create a
soft, natural glow.
To create the shades, paper waste is placed inside a shaped mould before mycelium
spores are inserted into it and left to grow under controlled conditions of temperature
and humidity. After two weeks the paper waste is been consumed by the fungus, leaving
a mycelium base with fungus growing from it. This material is then taken out of the
mould and left to dry, and the excess growing fungus is removed. Once the mycelium
has dried completely, it is pressed to form a flat substance that is used as a lamp shade.
7. Mexico City design studio Davidpompa has created a black
pendant lamp from volcanic rock more commonly used to make bowls for smashing
avocado. The stone has a bubbling, irregular surface created as lava quickly cools, and
was described by the studio as a "distinct and enigmatic material". For the Meta
lamp, the porous texture is contrasted with a glossy black aluminium tip. This forms
both the cylindrical end that holds the light, and a circular disc that acts as a shading
device to keep the stone's finish matte.
8. Beirut-based designer Richard Yasmine has created a series of handblown light bulbs
that rest on bird's nests, to raise awareness of climate change. Called Wake Up Call, the
collection of table lamps aims to challenge people's perceptions towards the
environment, especially their relationship to animals and plants. The collection was
presented at Milan design week and features three limited edition lamps, with bulbs
that resemble bird eggs. Each bulb was handblown and sandblasted to form an organic
shape, while the stands were given minimalist forms with varying heights.
9. Mexico City design studio David Pompa has rounded porous volcanic stone into
spheres for its latest lighting collection. Each of the designs comprise a rounded black
volcanic base with a glass bulb attached. The pendant light comprises two stacked
spheres suspended by a black wire. For the wall lamp, the same materials are
repositioned horizontally, with the sliced the stone in half for mounting.
10. California studio Brave Matter has used simple forms and earthy materials to
create lighting fixtures and tableware that are meant to evoke ancient artefacts. The
Archaic Modern Light collection consists of three luminaries, all made of ceramic,
Himalayan pink salt and brass. The designs reference the "materials, archetypes and
technologies from the remote past".
The A/M Orb Pendant features a terraced, globe-shaped ceramic shade topped with a
brass disk and a rounded chunk of pink salt. The salt is affixed to a slender, spun-and-
woven brass rod. The A/M Pendant Small is similarly constructed, although its has a
trapezoidal shade resembling an upside-down plant pot. The bottom of the shade is
uncovered, allowing the pendant to serve as a task light. The glowing block of salt in
the upper portion of the fixture delivers ambient light.
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The shades are made of mineral-rich clay cast in molds, and then coated with mica-
laden glazes available in several hues, from moss and red ochre to terra pink. The glazes
are intended to produce "soft, glimmering and time-worn surfaces". The third design in
the collection, Sender One, is a table lamp constructed from a salt crystal that has been
carefully honed and then pierced by a brass rod. The salt disc and metal rod work in
tandem to allow the lamp to rest at an angle