Gem Star

®
GEMSTAR
Advancing the Art of Infusion…EVERYWHERE
The GemStar System

Certification Program
The health information contained herein

is provided for informational purposes only.
All decisions regarding patient care must be
made with a healthcare provider and consider
the unique characteristics of each patient.
The GemStar System
THE GEMSTAR SYSTEM
The GemStar Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2

System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-5
GemStar General Infusion Administration Sets . . . . .A-8
Selecting a Power Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-10
Priming the GemStar Set Without
a Drip Chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-14
Priming Pump Sets Without a Drip Chamber
Using the [PURGE] Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-15
Priming the GemStar Set With a Drip Chamber . . .A-17
Priming Pump Sets With a Drip Chamber Using
the [PURGE] Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-19
Priming the GemStar Administration Set . . . . . . . .A-26
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-27
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-31
Objectives
When you complete this module, you will:
■ Know the functions of the keypad buttons and components of the GemStar;
■ Be familiar with the GemStar’s optional system components (accessories);
■ Be familiar with the GemStar-compatible administration sets;
■ Know how to connect and use the appropriate GemStar power source;
■ Know how to prime the GemStar administration set with or without a drip chamber;
■ Be familiar with the types of GemStar-compatible filter sets; and
■ Know how to load and unload the GemStar cassette.
GemStar® Certification Program A-1

The GemStar System
The GemStar This section provides an overview of the Abbott GemStar infusion pump. The GemStar is designed for hospital or home care
Pump use. It is a single-channel pump that can be programmed for up to seven different types of therapies:
■ Pain Management ■ Continuous
■ mL/hr Only ■ Intermittent
■ Weight Dosed ■ Variable Time
■ TPN
Indications The GemStar pump is approved for the following infusion types:
■ Intravenous
■ Arterial
■ Subcutaneous
■ Epidural
Description The GemStar weighs 17 ounces (482 grams) and is 5.5 inches (height) x 3.8 inches (width) x 2 inches (depth).
This lightweight design makes the pump transportable, convenient to hold, and easy to set up.
The pump has 23 keys. A single beep sounds when any key is pressed. If an invalid key is pressed, a flutter
tone sounds.
The following diagram shows the GemStar face layout:
GemStar Face
A-2 GemStar® Certification Program

The GemStar System
GemStar Face Controls

Display screen The four-line display:
■ Indicates the pump’s status.
■ Displays programming selections.
■ 16 point font.
[SILENCE] key ■ Temporarily silences the alarm.

■ Silences the keypad beeps for 5 minutes, if pressed in a non-alarm state.
[STOP] key Stops infusion.

[START] key Starts infusion.
Power indicator light Indicates the pump is powered by:
■ AC when continuously lit.
■ Rechargeable battery pack or docking station when flashing.
■ Alkaline batteries when unlit.
[ON/OFF] key Turns the pump on or off.

■ Press and hold approximately 2 seconds to turn off.
[BACK-UP] key ■ Provides access to previous screens during programming.

■ Acts as an “ESCAPE” key to exit the Help, Change, Options, and
all Histories Menus.
[CHANGE] key ■ Corrects an entry during a programming step.
■ Provides access to the Change Menu from the STOP or RUN mode.
[OPTIONS] key Provides access to the Options Menu from the STOP or RUN mode.
and keys ■ Scroll through display messages.
■ enters a decimal point in numeric entries.
[YES/ENTER] key ■ Responds “YES” to display questions.
■ Accepts entries and advances to the next step during programming.
[NO] key Responds “NO” to display questions.

[HELP] key ■ Provides context-sensitive information during programming steps and
alarm conditions.
■ Acts as a “hot key” for shift totals.
[PURGE] key ■Clears an air-in-line alarm.

■ Primes the administration set.
[0] - [9] key ■ Press the number keys to select menu items and to enter numeric values.
Note: Some menu items require pressing two number keys to select that item.
For example, when selecting a unit of measure for a weight dosed program, the
menu may display as:
01 mcg/kg/mg 03 mcg/kg/min
02 mcg/kg/hr 04 mg/kg/min
To select mg/kg/min, press [0][4].

The GemStar System
Other parts of the GemStar pump are shown in the following diagram (top, bottom, and side views).
TOP BOTTOM SIDE
Pump Components
Bolus button Press this button to start a bolus delivery if available in the current program.
Pole clamp track Use to connect to an optional pole clamp.
Cassette eject button Push down on this button to release the cassette.
Power connector Use to connect AC mains adaptor.
Data port Use to connect a printer or computer.
connector
Bolus connector Use to connect a bolus cord.
Tubing channel Place the pump set tubing in this channel.
Cassette pocket Load the cassette into this pocket.
Battery pack connector Use to connect the Abbott GemStar Rechargeable Battery Pack.
Battery compartment Install two fresh, disposable AA batteries in this compartment.

The GemStar System
The following table describes the GemStar optional system components. All GemStar optional system System
components are latex-free. Components
Optional System Components

Category/ Item Description Illustration
List No.
Power Sources
13075-01 Docking Station Plugs into a 90 – 260 VAC Volt mains supply
(90 – 260 Volts) to power the GemStar pump while mounted on
an I.V. pole (the unit includes an integral pole
mount clamp). During periods of transport, an
internal rechargeable battery pack powers
the pump for up to 16 hours. When charging,
the LED illuminates yellow. When fully charged,
it illuminates green.
13026-01 AC Wall (Mains) 110 VAC Volt mains supply to power the
Adapter GemStar. Do not use this power supply with
(110 Volts – USA) other products.
6 ft (1.8 m) cord
13072-01 AC Wall (Mains) Tabletop adapter plugs into a 90 – 260 VAC

Adapter Volt mains supply to power the GemStar. Do not
(90 – 260 Volts – use this power supply with other products.
Universal)
13073-01 Rechargeable The rechargeable nickel metal hydride battery

Battery Pack powers the GemStar pump during periods of
transport or when use of AC power is not
desirable for up to 8 hours. The battery pack
is recharged using the AC adapter.

The GemStar System
Optional System Optional System Components

Components
List No.
Lockboxes
13024-01 GemStar 250 mL Locks the GemStar pump and up to a 250 mL
Lockbox flexible I.V. container in a plastic enclosure.
The lockbox can be attached to an I.V. pole
using the Abbott GemStar pole clamp.
13077-01 GemStar 30 mL Locks the GemStar pump and a 30 mL

PCA Vial Lockbox Abbott PCA vial in a plastic enclosure.
The lockbox can be attached to an I.V. pole
using the Abbott GemStar pole clamp.
Bolus Cord
13027-01 GemStar Optional Allows bolus requests to be made by a patient
Bolus Cord or clinician up to 6 feet (1.8 m) away from
the pump.
Data Cable
13078-01 Serial Printer Connects the GemStar pump to a compatible
Data Cable printer or computer to download the event
history, program, or speed protocol information.
40017-01 Seiko DPU-414 Allows printout of GemStar event history.

Printer

The GemStar System
Optional System Components

List No.
Carrying Cases
13594-01 250 mL Abbott Soft-sided carrying case is worn around the
Carrying Case waist for transporting the GemStar pump
and up to a 250 mL flexible solution
container.
13079-01 500 mL Abbott Soft-sided carrying case worn around the

Carrying Case waist or over the shoulder for transporting
the GemStar pump and up to a 500 mL
flexible solution container.
13980-01 1000 mL Abbott Soft-sided carrying case worn around the

Carrying Case waist or over the shoulder for transporting
the GemStar pump and up to a 1000 mL
flexible solution container.
13593-01 3 Liter (3000 mL) Soft-sided bag that carries a 3-liter
Abbott Carrying or smaller flexible solution container
Case and the GemStar pump with batteries or
battery pack.
Pole Clamps
13076-01 Abbott GemStar Attaches the GemStar pump to an I.V.
Pole Clamp pole. The clamp is mounted to the track
on the back of the pump. Depress the
release button on the clamp to remove
the pump.
13022-01 Triple GemStar Pump Attaches three Abbott GemStar Pumps to

Pole Clamp an IV pole. The clamp is mounted to the
back of the pumps. Depress the release
button to remove the pumps.
13048-01 Gem Connect

13049-01

The GemStar System
GemStar The following table describes the available Abbott GemStar general infustion administration sets. All Abbott GemStar general
General Infusion infusion administration sets are latex-free.
Administration Sets
GemStar General Infusion Administration Sets
GemStar Category/ Description Nominal Drops/mL Approximate Tubing Case
General Infusion List No. Length Priming Capacity I.D. Size
Administration Sets Primary Sets
13042-01 GemStar 150 mL Burette 110" (279 cm) 60 10.0 mL 0.054" 24
Pump Set with small bore 0.100"
reduced priming volume 0.120"
tubing, convertible piercing 0.146"
pin, upper slide clamp, air
filter slide clamp, prepierced
reseal injection site, burette,
drip chamber, CAIR® clamp,
upper prepierced reseal
injection site, lower slide
clamp, and Secure Lock
male adapter.
13030-01 GemStar HEMA II Y-Type 110" (279 cm) 15 43.0 mL 0.100" 24
Blood Pump Set with 0.120"
piercing pins, upper CAIR
clamps, drip chamber,
210 micron blood filter
chamber, lower CAIR clamp,
prepierced reseal injection
site, and Secure Lock
male adapter.
13014-01 GemStar Primary Piggyback 110" (279 cm) 15 16.0 mL 0.100" 24
Pump Set with convertible piercing
pin, filter vent cover and drip
chamber, slide clamp, backcheck
valve, upper prepierced reseal
Y-injection site, CAIR clamp,
lower prepierced reseal Y-injection
site, and Secure Lock male adapter.
13043-01 GemStar Primary Pump Set 110" (279 cm) 15 27.0 mL 0.100" 24
with convertible piercing pin,
prepierced Y-sites, integral
0.22 micron filter, airfilter
assembly, slide clamp, and
Secure Lock male adapter.

The GemStar System
GemStar General Infusion Administration Sets

Category/ Description Nominal Drops/mL Approximate Tubing Case
List No. Length Priming Capacity I.D. Size
Primary Sets
13013-01 GemStar Non-Phthalate 96" (244 cm) — 4.4 mL 0.054" 24
Administration Set with
nonvented piercing pin,
1.2 micron filter, slide
clamp, prepierced reseal
Y-injection site, and Secure
Lock male adapter.
13012-01 GemStar Pump Set with 96" (244 cm) — 4.4 mL 0.054" 24
0.2 micron filter, slide clamp,
prepierced reseal Y-injection site,
and Secure Lock male adapter.
orange polyethylene-lined
light-resistant tubing,
prepierced reseal Y-injection
site, slide clamp, and Secure
Lock male adapter.
slide clamp, and Secure Lock
male adapter.

The GemStar System
Selecting a The GemStar pump may be powered by:

Power Source ■ A docking station (16 hours) ■ GemStar AC adapter
■ A GemStar battery pack ■ 6 ft. cord
■ Two disposable AA alkaline or lithium batteries ■ 14 ft. cord
Connecting the Abbott GemStar AC Mains Adaptor

Connect the cord of the AC mains adaptor to the connector labeled “3 VDC” on the bottom of the pump.
Plug the AC mains adaptor into a standard wall outlet.
CAUTION: ALWAYS connect to a grounded AC mains power source when using the AC mains adaptor. USE ONLY AC
mains adaptors specifically labeled for use with the Abbott GemStar Pump.
When removing the cord from the bottom of the pump, firmly grasp the connector and pull straight out. DO NOT
twist or bend the cord or connector.
NOTE: The green LED on the pump remains lit when connected to AC mains.

The GemStar System
Install two disposable AA batteries by performing the steps listed in the following table. Installing Batteries
Installing Disposable Batteries

Flip up the tab of the battery door on the bottom of the pump.
Hold onto the tab and turn the battery door to the left (counterclockwise) until it is released from the
battery compartment.
Pull the door free and remove any existing batteries.
Install two fresh, disposable AA batteries into the battery compartment. Make sure the batteries are inserted as shown.
Return the battery door to the battery compartment.
Turn the battery door to the right (clock-wise). Make sure the battery door is secured under the slot.
Flip down the tab of the battery door to lock in place.
CAUTION: When using batteries to power the pump:
■ Both batteries should always be replaced

1 with fresh, disposable AA alkaline or lithium
2 batteries when a battery change is required.
■ Use of rechargeable batteries in the battery

compartment is NOT recommended due to
3 unpredictable performance characteristics.
4
5
7
6

The GemStar System
Connecting the Connecting the Battery Pack

Battery Pack
To connect the battery pack:
Line up the connectors on the top of the battery pack with the holes on the bottom of the pump.
Snap the battery pack into place.
Disconnecting the Disconnecting the Battery Pack

Battery Pack
To release the battery pack:
Press the release button on the battery pack.

Remove the battery pack from the pump.
NOTE: When the pump is connected to the battery
pack, the pump’s green LED flashes and the
battery pack light is off.
When the pump is connected to the battery

2 pack at power-on, the pump displays USING
EXT BATT.
1
Recharging the Recharging the Battery Pack

Battery Pack
To recharge the battery pack:
Plug the pin connector of the AC mains adaptor into the port on the bottom of the battery pack.
Plug the AC mains adaptor into a standard wall outlet.
Leave the battery pack connected to the AC mains adaptor for at least 8 hours to completely recharge the
battery pack
The GemStar System
CAUTION: When removing the cord from the bottom of the pump, firmly grasp the connector and pull straight
out. DO NOT twist or bend the cord or connector.
NOTE: The battery pack light is yellow while the battery pack is charging. When the battery
pack is fully charged, the battery pack light is green.
Connecting the Pump to the Docking Station

Mount the docking station to the I.V. pole and tighten the knob.
Line up the connectors on the bottom of the pump with the connectors on
the docking station.
Slide the pump into the docking station until it snaps into place.
Connect the docking station to AC mains power.
NOTE: The docking station light is yellow while the docking station is charging.
When the docking station is fully charged, the light is green.
Disconnecting the Pump from the Docking Station

To remove the pump:
Press the release button on the top of the docking station.

Slide the pump out.

The GemStar System
Priming the GemStar To prime the GemStar administration set without a drip chamber, perform the steps in the following table:
Set Without a Drip
Chamber Priming Pump Sets Without a Drip Chamber
Push down on the flow stop to close the cassette.
Hold the container with the administration port toward the ceiling and
insert the piercing pin.
Push down on the flow stop to open (priming position) the cassette.
Invert the cassette approximately 45°.
While holding the rotated cassette, squeeze or roll the container to remove air
from the container and cassette.
Return the cassette to the upright position. Continue priming until fluid fills the tubing.
Load the cassette.

The GemStar System
Connect the pump set to the patient-access device.
WARNING:
■ Failure to use the anti-siphon valve may result in unrestricted flow.
CAUTION:
■ Make sure all four cassette latches are clearly visible after the cassette is installed. Refer to
Loading the Cassette.
■ When priming is complete, make sure no fluid flows at the distal end of the pump set. If flow is observed,
DO NOT use the pump set.
Priming Pump Sets Without a Drip Chamber Using the PURGE Key Priming Pump Sets
Push down on the flow stop to close the cassette. Without a Drip
Chamber Using
the PURGE Key
Hold the container with the administration port toward the ceiling and
insert the piercing pin.

The GemStar System
Load the cassette.
CAUTION:
Program desired therapy.

Press [PURGE].
PURGE HELP
The pump displays PRIME THE SET? Press [YES/ENTER].

While holding the container with the port toward the ceiling, press and hold [PURGE]. Continue using the [PURGE]
key until fluid fills the tubing. Make sure all air is removed from the container, cassette, and tubing
NOTE: Purge rate is 250 mL/hr. The pump purges for up to 2 minutes each time you press
and hold [PURGE].
CAUTION:

The GemStar System
Priming Pump Sets With a Drip Chamber

Insert the piercing pin into the container. Suspend the container on an I.V. Pole.
Squeeze the drip chamber until filled halfway.
Make sure the CAIR® (roller) clamp is open.
Invert the cassette approximately 45°.
While holding the rotated cassette, remove air from the container and cassette.

The GemStar System
Load the cassette.
CAUTION:
■ Make sure all four cassette latches are clearly visible after the cassette is installed.
Refer to Loading the Cassette.
When priming is complete, make sure no fluid flows at the distal end of the pump
set. If flow is observed, DO NOT use the pump set.

The GemStar System
Priming Pump Sets With a Drip Chamber Using the PURGE Key Priming Pump
Sets With a Drip
Chamber Using
the PURGE Key
Insert the piercing pin into the container. Suspend the container on an I.V. Pole.
Squeeze the drip chamber until filled halfway.
Make sure the CAIR® (roller) clamp is open.
Load the cassette.
CAUTION:
■ Make sure all four cassette latches are clearly visible after the cassette is
installed. Refer to Loading the Cassette.
Program the desired therapy.

Press [Purge]. PURGE HELP

The GemStar System
The pump displays Prime the Set? Press [YES/ENTER].

Press and hold [PURGE]. Continue using the [PURGE] key until fluid fills the tubing. Make sure all air is removed
from the container, cassette, and tubing.
and hold [PURGE].
CAUTION:

The GemStar System
Priming Pump Sets Using Pre-filled Vials

If using a pump set with the Y-extension, use the slide clamp to close off the
KVO (Keep Vein Open) side of the tubing.
Open the upper and lower slide clamps.
Connect the pump set to an Abbott pre-filled vial and injector.
Hold the vial and set upright (vertically) on a flat surface with the pump set
extending from the top. Make sure air is removed from the vial and injector.
Slowly push down on the injector until fluid flows at the distal end of the tubing,
which indicates that all air is cleared from the vial, injector, cassette, and tubing.

The GemStar System
Load the cassette.
CAUTION:

CAUTION:
■ Close ALL slide clamps before removing the cassette from the pump.
WARNING: Failure to use the anti-siphon valve may result in unrestricted flow.

The GemStar System
Priming Pump Sets Using Pre-filled Vials

If using a pump set with the Y-adapter, use the slide clamp to close off the
KVO (Keep Vein Open) side of the tubing.
Connect the pump set to an Abbott 30 mL pre-filled vial and injector.

Hold the vial and set upright (vertically) on a flat surface with the pump set
extending from the top. Make sure air is removed from the vial and injector.
Slowly push down on the injector until fluid flows at the distal end of the tubing,
which indicates that all air is cleared from the vial, injector, cassette, and tubing.
If the set includes a KVO section, close the slide clamp and prime that section.
Load the cassette.
CAUTION:

The GemStar System
CAUTION:
■ Close ALL slide clamps before removing the cassette from the pump.
WARNING: Failure to use the anti-siphon valve may result in unrestricted flow.
Priming Pump Sets with Extensions

Hold the container with the port toward the ceiling and insert the piercing pin.
Invert the cassette approximately 45º.

The GemStar System
While holding the rotated cassette, squeeze or roll the container to remove
air from the container and cassette.
Connect the extension set to the pump set.

Load the cassette.
CAUTION: Make sure all four cassette latches are

clearly visible after the cassette is installed. Refer to
Program the desired therapy.

Press [PURGE]. PURGE HELP
The pump displays PRIME THE SET? Press [YES/ENTER].

Press and hold [PURGE].
and hold [PURGE].
Continue using the [PURGE] key until fluid fills the tubing. Make sure all air is removed from the container,
cassette, and tubing.
CAUTION: When priming is complete, make sure no fluid flows at the distal end of the pump set. If flow is
observed, DO NOT use the pump set.

The GemStar System
Priming the The GemStar administration set must be primed to eliminate air from the cassette and tubing before loading it
GemStar into the pump and connecting it to the patient.
Administration Set
WARNING:
■ FAILURE to use the anti-siphon valve may result in unrestricted flow.
■ ALWAYS remove air from the cassette, tubing, and injection site prior to connecting the pump to the patient.
■ ALWAYS disconnect the pump set from the patient prior to priming or purging the pump.
■ ALWAYS arrange tubing, cables, and cords to minimize the risk of patient strangulation or entanglement.
CAUTION:
■ Use only GemStar administration sets with the GemStar pump. Use of unauthorized sets may result in injury to
the patient or damage to the pump.
■ To prevent contamination, use aseptic technique with all fluid-path connections. Remove protective coverings
as assembly progresses.
TIP: False occlusion alarms and fluid delivery inconsistencies may occur when pumping
viscous fluids in microbore tubing at rates greater than 500 mL/hr.

The GemStar System
1. MATCHING: Match the following GemStar keypad buttons with their functions: Study Questions
Keypad Button Function
A. [BACK-UP] _______ Temporarily silences the alarm.
B. [NO] _______ Acts as a “hot key” for shift totals.
C. [OPTIONS] _______ Primes the administration set.
D. [HELP] _______ Corrects an entry during a programming step.
E. [SILENCE] _______ Enters a decimal point in numeric entries.
F. [CHANGE] _______ Provides access to the Options menu from STOP or RUN modes.
G. [START] _______ Provides access to previous screens during programming.
H. [PURGE] _______ Starts infusion.
I. _______ Responds “NO” to display questions.
2. MATCHING: Match the following GemStar components with their functions:

GemStar Component Function
A. Data Port Connector _______ Holds two disposable AA batteries for battery operation.
B. Cassette Eject Button _______ Connects the rechargeable battery pack to the pump.
C. Bolus Button _______ Holds the cassette.
D. Battery Compartment _______ Accommodates the administration set tubing.
E. Pole Clamp Track _______ Connects an optional bolus cord to the pump.
F. Cassette Pocket _______ Connects a printer or PC to the pump.
G. Tubing Channel _______ Releases the cassette from the pump.
H. Battery Pack Connector _______ Connects to an optional pole clamp.
I. Bolus Connector _______ Initiates a bolus delivery.
3. TRUE/FALSE: Batteries should always be installed in the GemStar pump, regardless of the
power source used.
4. Which of the following is true?

A. You should remove air from the cassette, tubing, and injection site prior to connecting the GemStar to the patient.
B. You should always disconnect the pump set from the patient prior to priming or purging.
C. You should always arrange tubing, cables, and cords to minimize the risk of patient strangulation or entanglement.
D. All of the above are true.
5. The GemStar pump is approved for which of the following infusion types?
A. Intravenous
B. Arterial
C. Subcutaneous
D. Epidural
E. All of the above

The GemStar System
6. The GemStar pump can be powered by all but which of the following?
A. Abbott GemStar AC adapter
B. Two disposable AA alkaline batteries
C. Abbott GemStar battery pack
D. A docking station
E. All of these can power the GemStar
7. During periods of transport, an internal rechargeable battery pack powers the pump in the
docking station for up to ___________ hours.
A. 2
B. 5
C. 16
D. 120
E. Indefinitely
8. The optional ________________ allows bolus requests to be made by a patient or

clinician up to 6 feet (1.8 m) away from the pump.
A. Serial printer data cable
B. Cassette eject button
C. Bolus button
D. GemStar bolus cord
E. None of the above
9. TRUE/FALSE: Only AC adapters specifically labeled for use with the GemStar pump should
be used.
10. To fully recharge the battery pack, leave it plugged into the AC adapter for
at least _____ hours.
A. 1
B. 8
C. 18
D. 30
11. TRUE/FALSE: Use of rechargeable batteries in the battery compartment is not recommended.

The GemStar System
12. False occlusion alarms and fluid delivery inconsistencies may occur when pumping viscous
fluids in microbore tubing at rates greater than _________ .
A. 500 mL/hr
B. 10 mL/hr
C. 4 mL/hr
D. 0.5 mL/hr
13. TRUE/FALSE: Failure to use the antisiphon valve may result in unrestricted flow.
14. TRUE/FALSE: Abbott recommends the use of air-eliminating filters when

the air-in-line alarm is turned off.
15. When the cassette is released from the pump, the cassette flow stop button automatically
reverts to the ___________ position.
A. Open
B. Unlocked
C. Locked
D. Inverted
E. Closed

The GemStar System
1. MATCHING: Match the following GemStar keypad buttons with their functions: Study Answers
A. [BACK-UP] E
_______ Temporarily silences the alarm.
B. [NO] D
_______ Acts as a hot key for shift totals.
C. [OPTIONS] H
_______ Primes the administration set.
D. [HELP] F
_______ Corrects an entry during a programming step.
E. [SILENCE] I
_______ Enters a decimal point in numeric entries.
F. [CHANGE] C
_______ Provides access to the Options menu from STOP or RUN modes.
G. [START] A
_______ Provides access to previous screens during programming.
H. [PURGE] G
_______ Starts infusion.
I. B
_______ Responds “NO” to display questions.
2. MATCHING: Match the following GemStar components with their functions:

A. Data Port Connector _______
D Holds two disposable AA batteries for battery operation.
B. Cassette Eject Button _______
H Connects the rechargeable Battery Pack to the pump.
C. Bolus Button _______
F Holds the cassette.
D. Battery Compartment _______
G Accommodates the administration set tubing.
E. Pole Clamp Track _______
I Connects an optional bolus cord to the pump.
F. Cassette Pocket _______
A Connects a printer or PC to the pump.
G. Tubing Channel _______
B Releases the cassette from the pump.
H. Battery Pack Connector _______
E Connects to an optional pole clamp.
I. Bolus Connector _______
C Initiates a bolus delivery.
3. TRUE/FALSE: Batteries should always be installed in the GemStar pump, regardless

of the power source used.
TRUE
4. Which of the following is true?

D. All of the above are true
5. The GemStar pump is approved for which of the following infusion types?
E. All of the above
6. The GemStar pump can be powered by all but which of the following?
B. Two disposable C alkaline batteries
7. During periods of transport, an internal rechargeable battery pack powers the pump in the
docking station for up to ___________ hours.
C. 16

The GemStar System
8. The optional ________________ allows bolus requests to be made by a patient or

clinician up to 6 feet (1.8 m) away from the pump.
D. GemStar bolus cord
9. TRUE/FALSE: Only AC adapters specifically labeled for use with the GemStar pump
should be used.
TRUE
10. To fully recharge the battery pack, leave it plugged into the AC adapter for at least
___________ hours.
B. 8
11. TRUE/FALSE: Use of rechargeable batteries in the battery compartment is not recommended.
TRUE
12. False occlusion alarms and fluid delivery inconsistencies may occur when pumping viscous
fluids in microbore tubing at rates greater than ________ .
A. 500 mL/hr
13. Failure to use the antisiphon valve may result in unrestricted flow.
TRUE
14. TRUE/FALSE: Abbott recommends the use of air-eliminating filters when the air-in-line alarm
is turned off.
TRUE
15. When the cassette is released from the pump, the cassette flow stop button automatically
reverts to the ____________ position.
E. Closed

GemStar Menu Functions
GEMSTAR MENU FUNCTIONS—MODULE B

How They Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-2
Menu Selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-2
Programming Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-3
Change Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-3
Options Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-3
Connecting to the Data Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-13
Connecting to the Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-13
Connecting to a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-14
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-15
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-19
Objectives
When you complete this module, you will know how to:
■ Use the Programming, Change, and Options Menus;

■ View histories and shift/volume totals;
■ Lock and unlock GemStar pump functions at one of four lock levels;
■ Change the air-in-line sensitivity, occlusion sensitivity, and sound level;
■ Set the clock;
■ Assign and recall a speed protocol;
■ Change the start time of the next dose; and
■ Connect the GemStar to a printer or PC using the data port.
GemStar® Certification Program B-1

How They The GemStar menu system is designed to prompt the user through programming steps. The menu system displays messages
Work on the screen that require you to enter a number (e.g., 100 for 100 mL) or press the [YES/ENTER], [NO], [STOP], or
[START] keys.
TIP: Line 4 of the display screen usually contains instructions.
Each function menu has a list of items which are displayed when the menu is accessed. Menu items may vary depending
on the configuration of the pump.
Menu The three basic menus are:

Selections ■ Programming Menu
■ Change Menu
■ Options Menu
Accessing the Programming Menu

After power-on, the pump checks its memory for a stored program. Respond to the display message as shown in the
following table:
Display Message Condition User Response

The pump displays the Programming Menu Pump memory is clear ■ To enter a new program: Select a
therapy from the Programming Menu
and enter a new program. Refer
to the appropriate therapy chapter
for instructions.
1 Resume Program A program is currently stored ■ To continue the current program,
2 Clr Prog&Shift in pump memory. press [1].
3 Clr Prog, Shift and History ■ To reset the current program:
1. Press [1].
2. Press [CHANGE] to display
the Change Menu and select
NEW CONTAINER.
■ To enter a new program and clear
shift totals: Press [2]. The pump
clears the program and shift totals
from memory and enters PROGRAM-
MING mode.
■ To enter a new program, clear shift
totals and clear history: Press [3].
The pump clears the program, shift
totals, and history from memory and
enters PROGRAMMING mode.
B-2 GemStar® Certification Program

Programming Menu Programing Menu

The Programming Menu is used to select one of the following therapies (depending on availability):
■ mL/hr Only
■ Weight Dosed
■ Intermittent
■ Variable Time
■ TPN (Total Parenteral Nutrition)
■ Continuous
■ Pain Management
Each therapy is numbered on the Programming Menu display. Press the corresponding number on the keypad to select
a therapy.
TIP: A menu item does not need to be displayed to be accessed. If you know the number
of the menu item, simply press it.
The Change Menu is used for a number of functions. It is accessed by pressing the [CHANGE] button. The following table
lists the menu items for the Change Menu.
Change Menu Change Menu

New Container Repeats/resets the current program after a new container is hung.
New Program ■ Deletes the current program.
■ Accesses the Programming Menu.
Change Program Allows you to change the current program.

Piggybacking Allows a secondary infusion in continuous and mL/hr.
The Options Menu has a number of functions that are used to tailor specific pump parameters.
The menu items and their corresponding functions are listed in the following table.
Options Menu Options Menu

1 Review Program Displays the current program settings.
2 Histories ■ Displays the history for the last 400 events.
■ Provides shift totals.
■ Provides container totals.
■ Shows configurations.
■ Clears history (Bolus History).
■ Accesses the Operation Test.
3 Keypad Lock Accesses the locking and unlocking functions to prevent unauthorized changes to
an infusion protocol.
4 Pump Settings Changes the air sensor, occlusion sensor, and sound level settings.
5 Set Clock Sets the clock.
6 Print ■ Prints the history event log.

■ Prints the bolus history.
■ Prints the current program settings.
■ Prints the speed protocols (if saved).
7 Speed Protocol Allows up to nine speed protocols to be saved in the pump’s memory.
8 Next Dose Permits changes to the start time of the next intermittent dose. This menu item is
available only if an Intermittent therapy has been programmed and the pump is not
delivering a dose.
To access the Options Menu, complete the following steps:
Accessing the Options Menu

Press [OPTIONS] from the RUN or STOP mode.
Select the number key that corresponds to the desired function (see Table B-2).
Follow the display prompts for the selected function.
Press [BACK-UP] when you are ready to exit the Options Menu.
TIP: A menu item does not have to be visible on the display to be selected. Item numbers
5 through 8 can be selected by pressing the corresponding number without scrolling
through the display.
TIP: The menu selections may vary depending on the configuration of the pump.
Some Options Menu functions are not available in the RUN mode.
TIP: When the pump exits the Options Menu, the display returns to the screen the pump
was in when the Options Menu was accessed.
Histories One of the items included on the Options Menu is the Histories Menu, which has a number of functions. A history
event log is maintained with a date and time stamp of each event during each program. The history can be reviewed
or downloaded to a printer or computer. The Histories Menu displays an event history or separately displays:
■ Shift totals
■ Volume totals – Current container
■ Bolus history – 48 hr
■ Configuration
The Operation Test can also be accessed from the Histories Menu. The following table lists the functions of the Histories
Menu and the corresponding display information.
Histories Menu
History ■ Current date and time.
■ Date and time a program was cleared, a new container was selected, or a speed
protocol was recalled.
■ History event log of the most recent 400 events.

Shift Totals ■ Time and date when a shift was cleared.
■ Volume infused during the shift.
Volume Totals ■ Amount infused.
■ Volume to be infused (VTBI).
Configuration Configuration allows for pump therapies, dose ranges, lock options and other programmable
options to be configured to meet facility requirements.
NOTE: Refer to the Abbott GemStar Configuration Guide
(List 13000-67) for more information on configuration functions.
Clear History ■ Clears the History Event Log.
Bolus History ■ Current date and time.
■ Number of bolus demands made.
■ Number of boluses delivered.
■ Amount delivered through bolus delivery.
Operation Test ■ Allows you to perform a semi-automated functional pump testing.
TIP: Press [HELP] to quickly display shift totals.
TIP: Press and hold the or arrow key to scroll through the history
displays faster.
Bolus History is available only if the current program has a bolus programmed or had a bolus programmed at one time. Bolus History
The Bolus History is maintained in hourly increments for the latest 48 hours and is cleared when:
■ A new program is entered.
■ A speed protocol is recalled.
■ The History is cleared.
Keypad Lock allows the keypad to be set to one of four lock levels. These lock levels are: Keypad Lock
■ Therapy Limits access to all but one therapy type.

■ Rate Change Allows user to set range for continuous rate and bolus in Pain Management.
(See chart B-6 for detailed information)
■ New Container Permits user to reset the current program using NEW CONTAINER.
■ Full No changes to program allowed.
The Abbott GemStar Pump allows two lock levels at the same time. Therapy Lock can be used with either Full Lock,
Container Lock, or Rate Change Lock.
When two lock levels are applied, if a function is available under one lock level but not the other, the more stringent restric-
tions apply. The table on the following page lists the functions available for each lock level.

When the pump is locked under a particular level, a small lock symbol ( ) appears next to the applied lock level as shown
above. When the pump is in RUN or STOP mode, the lock symbol appears in the lower left corner of the display and the
lock level abbreviation appears in the lower right corner.
Clinicians: Refer to Chapter 11 GemStar System Operating Manual, page 115 for
detailed instructions
When the keypad is locked at a specific level, some functions are not available. The functions that are available with each
of the four keypad lock levels are listed in the following table:
Abbott GemStar Keypad Lock Level Functions

U=Unlock, T=Therapy Lock, R=Rate Change Lock, N=New Container Lock, F=Full Lock
Function U T R N F Comments
Lock/Unlock Keypad ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Rate Change Lock is available only if the
current program is Pain Management.
Power Pump On or Off ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Start or Stop Infusion ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Access Display, Help, Print, ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

and Program Review Functions
Deliver a Bolus ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ If programmed.
Silence an Alarm ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Select a New Container ■ ■ ■ ■
Purge ■ ■ ■ ■
Change a Program ■ ■ ■ Under Rate Change Lock, only the delivery rate
or bolus dose volume can be changed and
must be within the preset values.
Review/Recall Speed Protocol ■ ■ Under Therapy Lock, the recalled protocol must
be the same type that was programmed when
the pump was locked.
Assign or Delete Speed ■ ■
Protocol
Set Air Sensitivity, Distal ■ ■
Occlusion Level, Sound Level,
and Clock
Clear Shift Totals ■ ■ ■ ■
Program and Deliver a ■ ■

Loading Dose (Outside of
Programming Mode)
Enter a New Program ■ ■ Under Therapy Lock, the new program must be
of the same type that was programmed when
the pump was locked.
Piggybacking ■ ■

Function U T R N F Comments
VTBI Titration ■ ■
Rate Titration ■ ■
Operation Test ■
Clear History ■
Select Another Therapy ■
Remove this section from the manual to prevent unauthorized access to these features.
Locking the Pump

To lock the pump from the RUN or STOP mode:
Press [OPTIONS] to display the Options Menu.
Select KEYPAD LOCK from the Options Menu.
NOTE: If a lock level is already applied to the pump, the Lock Sequence Number must be
entered before a second lock level can be applied. Refer to Adding a Second Lock
Level on page 118 for more information.
Select the desired lock level. For THERAPY, CONTAINER and FULL Lock, go to step 5.
For RATE CHANGE Lock, set the minimum and maximum programmable ranges for the continuous delivery rate and
bolus dose in a Pain Management program.
Tip: Press to toggle between the MIN and MAX values.
■ MIN flashes on the display. Enter the minimum value.
■ MAX flashes on the display. Enter the maximum value.
■ Press [YES/ENTER] when done.
■ Repeat step 4 for bolus dose if available in the current program.
Enter the lock sequence number. Asterisks display as the numbers are entered.
■ For THERAPY Lock, enter [0][0][0][3][1].
■ For UNLOCKED, FULL, CONTAINER, and RATE CHANGE lock levels, enter [1][3][0][0][0].
NOTE: Note: Default lock sequence numbers are shown.
Adding a Second Lock Level

Enter the Lock Sequence Number.
For RATE CHANGE Lock, set the minimum and maximum programmable ranges for the continuous delivery rate and
bolus dose in a Pain Management program.
Tip: Press to toggle between the MIN and MAX values.

Pump Settings ■ MIN flashes on the display. Enter the minimum value.
■ MAX flashes on the display. Enter the maximum value.
■ Press [YES/ENTER] when done.
■ Repeat step 4 for bolus dose if available in the current program.
Air Sensor NOTE: When two lock levels are applied, if a function is available under one lock level
but not the other, the more stringent restrictions apply.
Enter the lock sequence number. Asterisks display as the numbers are entered.
■ For THERAPY Lock, enter [0][0][0][3][1].
■ For UNLOCKED, FULL, CONTAINER, and RATE CHANGE lock levels, enter [1][3][0][0][0].
NOTE: Default lock sequence numbers are shown.

Complete the following steps to unlock the pump:
Unlocking the Pump

Select the lock level to be unlocked.
Enter the lock sequence number for that level.
NOTE: If the pump is locked under two levels, each level must be unlocked separately.
Unlocking one level has no effect on the other level. For example, if both
THERAPY and RATE CHANGE lock levels are applied, the clinician must unlock
both the RATE CHANGE and THERAPY locks.
Change Air-in-Line The pump displays the current lock levels. Press [YES/ENTER] to return to the mode the pump was in when
Sensitivity [OPTIONS] was pressed.
Program and deliver a clinician activated loading dose

This feature is available only when the keypad is UNLOCKED or when THERAPY is the only lock level. The loading dose
rate is 125 mL/hr.
From the STOP mode, press [YES/ENTER] immediately followed by [0]. PROGRAM A LOADING DOSE? displays.
Press [YES/ENTER] to continue.
Enter the loading dose. Press [YES/ENTER] when done.
Distal Occlusion
Sensitivity DELIVER THE LOADING DOSE NOW? displays.
■ Press [YES/ENTER] to deliver the loading dose. After the loading dose is complete, press [START]
to resume infusion.
■ Press [NO] to return to the STOP mode. Press [START] to resume infusion.
NOTE: If [YES/ENTER] is pressed, infusion DOES NOT begin automatically when the
clinician activated loading dose is complete. Press [START] to resume infusion after
the loading dose is complete.

If [NO] is pressed, the pump returns to the STOP mode. When [START] is pressed,
DELIVER LOADING DOSE NOW? displays again. Press [YES/ENTER] to deliver the loading
dose. Infusion resumes automatically when the loading dose is complete. Press [NO] to
cancel the loading dose and resume infusion.
Pump Settings
The Pump Settings Menu allows:
■ Air sensor sensitivity to be changed.
■ Distal occlusion sensor sensitivity to be changed.
■ Audible alarm level (sound level) to be adjusted.
The three air-in-line sensitivity levels are: Air Sensor

■ On
■ 2 mL
■ Off
The air-in-line alarm sounds when the pump detects an air bubble of approximately:
■ 0.5 mL when ON is selected, or
■ 2 mL when 2 mL is selected
The alarm does not sound if OFF is selected. Removing power has no effect on the air-in-line alarm setting.
WARNING: An air-eliminating filter should be used to reduce the risk of infusing air when the air-in-line
alarm is off.
TIP: The air-in-line alarm may be set during programming for TPN, Pain Management,
Continuous, Intermittent, and Variable therapy programs.
TIP: The air-in-line alarm is automatically set to ON (default) in the mL/hr Only and
Weight Dosed therapy programs.
To change air-in-line sensitivity, complete the steps in the following table:
Changing Air-in-Line Sensitivity Change Air-in-Line

Sensitivity
Select PUMP SETTINGS from the Options Menu. Press Options and select pump settings.
Select AIR SENSOR.
Select the desired air-in-line sensitivity level.
Press [YES/ENTER].

Distal Occlusion The pump alarm sounds if the distal pressure is greater than the selected occlusion sensor limit. There are three occlusion
Sensitivity sensitivity levels:
■ 7 (low) psig
■ 12 (medium) psig
■ 26 (high) psig (default)
To change the distal occlusion sensitivity, complete the steps in the following table:
Changing the Distal Occlusion Sensitivity

Select PUMP SETTINGS from the Options Menu. Press Options Menu and select pump settings
Select OCCLUSION SENSOR. [OCCL SENSOR]
Select the desired occlusion sensitivity level.
Press [YES/ENTER].
Proximal Occlusion Proximal Occlusion Sensitivity

Sensitivity The GemStar has a proximal occlusion sensor. Proximal occlusion sensitivity is – 4 psig and cannot be changed.
The adjustable range for the sound level is from approximately 65 dB (maximum) to silence (minimum). The pump default
is the maximum setting. Change the sound level by completing the steps in the following table:
Changing the Changing the Sound Level

Sound Level Select PUMP SETTINGS from the Options Menu. Press Options Menu and Select pump settings.
Select SOUND LEVEL.
Adjust the sound level using to increase the level and to decrease the level.
Press [CHANGE] to restore the sound level to the default setting.
Press [YES/ENTER].
TIP: When the Sound Level function is accessed, the pump sounds intermittent beeps
at the current sound level. The bar at the top of the display indicates the current
sound level.

Setting the Clock

To set the clock, perform the steps in the following table:
Press [STOP] to place pump in STOP mode.
Select SET CLOCK from the Options Menu. Press Options and Select Set Clock.
Select a 12-HOUR or 24-HOUR format.
Use the keys to set the week, day, and month.
Use the number keys to enter the current date and time.
Press [YES/ENTER].
TIP: To review the time from the RUN or STOP modes, press [YES/ENTER] then
immediately press and hold [1]. The clock displays until [1] is released.
Print Menu
The printer should be connected to the pump before selecting a print function. The Print Menu contains five items.
The printer’s functions are explained in the following table:
Print History Prints the current program and History Event Log of the most recent 400 events since the
history was last cleared.
Print Program Prints the current program.
Print Protocol Prints a specified speed protocol or a complete list of all speed protocols. If a protocol is
not assigned, Not Assigned prints next to the protocol number.
Print Bolus Hx Prints the current program and the bolus history (Hx) for the preceding 48 hours, when
the current program has a bolus programmed or had a bolus programmed at one time.
Stop Print Cancels the print function. This function is available only if you have selected one of the
print functions above.
WARNING: Be sure to disconnect the pump from the patient BEFORE connecting the pump to
a printer or a computer.
NOTE: Abbott recommends using AC power when printing to prevent drain on batteries.

Speed Protocol The Speed Protocol feature allows frequently used programs to be stored in the pump’s memory for quick access. As many
as nine programs can be stored. The Speed Protocol Menu has three items:
Speed Protocol Menu

Assign Stores a program in the pump’s memory for later use.
Review/Recall Reviews assigned protocols from the RUN or STOP mode. It also recalls an assigned
protocol from the STOP mode.
Delete Deletes protocols from the pump’s memory.
Follow the steps in the following table to assign a speed protocol:
Assign a Speed Protocol

Enter the desired program and review it. (Refer to the appropriate programming module.)
Press Options Menu and Select SPEED PROTOCOL.
Select ASSIGN from the Speed Protocol Menu.
Press the numeric key ([1] to [9]) where the new protocol is to be assigned.
If the selected speed protocol is already assigned, the display reads REPLACE PROTOCOL ASSIGNMENT?
Press [YES/ENTER] to replace the protocol or [NO] to keep the existing protocol.
Follow the steps in the following table to review/recall a speed protocol:
Review/Recall a Speed Protocol

Select SPEED PROTOCOL from the Options Menu.
Press Speed Protocol Select REVIEW/RECALL.
Select the desired protocol to review/recall.
Review the program by scrolling down with the key.
When review is complete, press [YES/ENTER].
If the pump is in the STOP mode, select [1] to recall the protocol or [2] to review another protocol.
If the pump is in the RUN mode, it exits the Options Menu.
Next Dose
This function is only available when the current therapy is Intermittent and the pump is not delivering a dose.
To set the time for the next dose:
Press [OPTIONS] and select NEXT DOSE.

Use the number keys to enter the start time for the next dose. Press [YES/ENTER] to accept the change and
exit OPTIONS.

Tip: When entering the time in 12-hour format, press or to toggle

between AM and PM.
Follow the steps in the following table to delete a speed protocol:
Delete a Speed Protocol

Select DELETE from the Speed Protocol Menu.
Select the desired protocol to delete.
Press [YES/ENTER] to confirm deletion or [NO] to exit OPTIONS without deleting.
The Data Port may be used to connect the GemStar pump to a Seiko® DPU414 or compatible serial printer to print the Connecting to the
Operation Test results or the files available from the Print Menu. The Data Port may also be used to transfer the files to Data Port
a computer.
WARNING: Be sure to disconnect the pump from the patient BEFORE connecting the pump to
a printer or a computer.
You will need the following to use the Data Port: Equipment Required
■ Abbott GemStar pump
■ Abbott serial printer cable (List 13078-01)
■ Seiko DPU414 or compatible serial printer (List 40017-01)
■ Serial DB9 female-to-female gender changer*
■ Null modem*
■ Computer*
*Available from local sources.

Refer to the System Operating Manual for information on configuration settings (List #13000-67). Configuration Settings
TIP: A one-time only set-up procedure is required when using a Seiko printer or your PC.
Following initial set-up, connecting to either the printer or a PC is simple.
To connect to the printer, perform the steps in the following table:
Connecting to the Printer Connecting to the

Printer
Connect the serial printer cable to the printer and to the data port on the bottom of the pump (Figure B-1).
Ensure the printer is online and ready to receive data. Refer to printer documentation for more information.
Ensure paper is loaded in the printer.
Select the desired print function from the Print Menu.

Connecting to To connect to a computer, perform the steps in the following table (Refer to Figure B-2):
a Computer
Connecting to a Computer
Connect the serial printer cable to the null modem (A).
Connect the null modem to the serial gender changer (B).
Connect the serial gender changer to the serial port of the computer (C).
Connect the serial printer cable to the data port on the bottom of the pump (D).
Configure the communications software on the computer. Refer to computer documentation for more information.
TIP: After the data transfer is complete, the file may be viewed or printed using any
text editor. (Word, NotePad, Windows, or add-on package)
NOTE: For maximum battery life, operate the pump on AC mains when connected to
a printer or computer.
WARNING: Disconnect the pump from the patient BEFORE connecting it to a printer or a computer.
CAUTION: Do not connect the GemStar AC mains adapter to a printer.

1. What are the three basic GemStar menus? Study Questions

A. Pain Management Menu
B. Programming Menu
C. Change Menu
D. Options Menu
E. B, C, and D
2. TRUE/FALSE: In the space provided, indicate whether the following are true or false.
A. Line 4 of the display screen usually contains instructions. _______
B. If two lock levels are applied at the same time, the less stringent lock restrictions take precedence._______
C. A menu item does not need to be displayed to be accessed. If you know the number, you can simply press
it._____
D. The Programming Menu is used to display current program settings. _______
E. The air-in-line alarm is automatically set to OFF in the mL/hr and Weight Dosed therapies. _______
F. The pump alarm will sound if the distal pressure is greater than the selected occlusion sensor limit. _______
G. The occlusion sensitivity is changed via the Options Menu. _______
H. The NEXT DOSE option displays only when a Pain Management therapy has been programmed. _______
I. The GemStar pump should be disconnected from the patient BEFORE connecting it to a printer or computer.
_______
J. Proximal occlusion pressure is -4psig and cannot be changed. _______
3. Which of the following can be displayed via the Histories Menu?

A. Shift Totals
B. Volume Totals (Current container)
C. Bolus History (48 hour)
D. Configuration
E. All of these can be displayed via the Histories Menu.
4. To scroll through the history displays faster, you can:

A. Press and hold the [OPTIONS] key on the keypad.
B. Press and hold the [HELP] key on the keypad.
C. Press and hold the or keys on the keypad.
D. Press and hold the cassette release button on the top of the pump.
5. Which of the following selections on the Histories Menu will show you the time and date
when a shift was cleared?
A. Shift Totals
B. Configuration
C. Operation Test
D. Print

6. The Bolus History is cleared when:

A. A new program is entered.
B. A speed protocol is recalled.
C. The history is cleared.
D. All of the above.
7. Which of the following functions are available when the GemStar is in FULL Lock mode?
A. [START] or [STOP] infusion.
B. [SILENCE] an alarm.
C. Deliver a bolus, if programmed.
D. Set air-in-line sensitivity.
E. None of these functions are available in FULL Lock mode.
8. When the GemStar is locked, which of the following appears in the lower left corner of
the display screen?
A. The letter “L.”
B. The lock letter abbreviation.
C. A small lock symbol.
D. The lock sequence number for that level.
9. TRUE/FALSE: Assigning a speed protocol stores a program in the pump’s memory for
later use.
10. The data port may be used to connect the GemStar to which of the following?
A. An optional pole clamp
B. A PC
C. A printer
D. A fluid container
E. A and D
F. B and C
G. None of the above.
11. Which of the following is the highest pressure setting for distal occlusion?
A. 7
B. 12
C. 18
D. 26
E. None of the above.

12. Which of the following is not one of the three air-in-line sensitivity levels that can
be programmed on the GemStar?
A. On (0.5mL)
B. 5 mL
C. Off
D. 2 mL
E. All of the above air-in-line sensitivity levels can be set depending on the therapy.
13. Which of the following Change Menu items repeats the current program after
a new container is hung?
A. Review/Resume
B. New Program
C. New Container
D. Change Program
E. Piggybacking
14. Which main menu is used to lock and unlock the pump?
A. Change Menu
B. Program Menu
C. Options Menu
D. Operation Test Menu
15. What Options Menu selection allows you to change the air sensor, occlusion sensor,
and sound level settings?
A. Change Menu
B. FUNCTION
C. SPEED PROTOCOL
D. NEXT DOSE
E. PRINT
F. PUMP SETTINGS

1. What are the three basic GemStar menus? Study Answers

E. B, C, and D
2. TRUE/FALSE: In the space provided, indicate whether the following are true or false.
A. Line 4 of the display screen usually contains instructions. TRUE
B. If two lock levels are applied at the same time, the less stringent lock restrictions take precedence. FALSE
C. A menu item does not need to be displayed to be accessed. If you know the number, you can simply press it. TRUE
D. The Programming Menu is used to display current program settings. FALSE
E. The air-in-line alarm is automatically set to OFF in the mL/hr and Weight Dosed therapies. FALSE
F. The pump alarm will sound if the distal pressure is greater than the selected occlusion sensor limit. TRUE
G. The occlusion sensitivity is changed via the Options Menu. TRUE
H. The NEXT DOSE option displays only when a Pain Management therapy has been programmed. FALSE
I. The GemStar pump should be disconnected from the patient BEFORE connecting it to a printer or computer. TRUE
J. Proximal occlusion pressure is -4psig and cannot be changed. TRUE
3. Which of the following can be displayed via the Histories Menu?

E. All of these can be displayed via the Histories Menu.
4. To scroll through the history displays faster, you can:

C. Press and hold the or keys on the keypad.
5. Which of the following selections on the Histories Menu will show you the time and date
when a shift was cleared?
A. Shift Totals
6. The Bolus History is cleared when:

7. Which of the following functions are available when the GemStar is in FULL Lock?
A, B, C, E
8. When the GemStar is locked, which of the following appears in the lower left corner
of the display screen?
C. A small lock symbol.
9. TRUE/FALSE: Assigning a speed protocol stores a program in the pump’s memory for
later use.
TRUE
10. The data port may be used to connect the GemStar to which of the following?
F. B and C
11. Which of the following is the highest pressure setting for distal occlusion?
D. 26

12. Which of the following is not one of the three air-in-line sensitivity levels that can
be programmed on the GemStar?
B. 5 mL
13. Which of the following Change Menu items repeats the current program after a new
container is hung?
C. New Container
14. Which main menu is used to lock and unlock the pump?
C. Options Menu
15. What Options Menu selection allows you to change the air sensor, occlusion sensor,
and sound level settings?
F. PUMP SETTINGS

TPN Program
TPN PROGRAM—MODULE C
Programming Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-2

TPN Therapy Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-3
TPN Programming Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-6
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-8
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-11
Objectives
■ Program and change TPN therapy;

■ Set an auto taper down in a TPN therapy;
■ Record and clear shift totals during TPN therapy; and
■ Hang a new container during TPN therapy.
GemStar® Certification Program C-1

TPN Program
Programming Tips Many of the functions on the GemStar pump advance you to the next step automatically when [YES/ENTER] is pressed.
The number keys are used to enter requested values. Time is entered in hours and minutes (e.g., 1 hour is entered by
pressing 100).
The keys that are helpful during programming are listed in the following table:
Programming Tips
[HELP] The [HELP] key:
■ Provides an explanation of the current display message. Pressing [BACK-UP]
exits the HELP mode.
■ Acts as a “hot key” for accessing shift totals.
■ Displays ranges of values that can be entered on a certain screen.
Pressing the or keys:

■ Scrolls through multiple display screens.
■ Toggles between a.m. and p.m. when in CLOCK mode.
Pressing the key inserts a decimal point when entering a numeric value.
[CHANGE] If an incorrect numeric value is entered during programming, press [CHANGE] before
pressing [YES/ENTER] to reset the value to zero.
[BACK-UP] In the PROGRAMMING mode, [BACK-UP] functions like a browser, taking you back to
a previous screen.
After the pump has been programmed, [BACK-UP] functions like an “ESCAPE” key to exit
the Options, Help, and Histories data screens.
C-2 GemStar® Certification Program

TPN Program
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) therapy allows programming of a continuous rate with tapering. Key considerations TPN Therapy
for TPN therapy include: Programming
■ Rate range is 1 to 1000 mL/hr.
■ Taper Up and Taper Down may be programmed to gradually increase and decrease the rate of delivery
at the beginning and end of therapy.
■ Auto Taper Down can be accessed during infusion IF Auto Taper Down was originally programmed.
■ Optional KVO (1.0 – 5.0 mL/hr) may be set during programming.
■ If
a number outside of the acceptable program range is entered, an error message displays the minimum or
maximum value allowed.
Complete the steps in the following table to program a TPN therapy:
TPN Programming
Select TPN from the Programming Menu.
Select the TPN delivery type.
Enter the total TPN volume (VTBI).
Enter the Taper Up and Taper Down times.
Enter the total time to infuse.
Enter the KVO rate.
Enter the container size (VTBI + KVO), plus some overfill.
If the KVO is programmed, you must increase the container size to accommodate the desired KVO volume.
Select the air-in-line sensitivity.
Review the program.

TPN Program
Auto Taper Down The GemStar offers the Auto Taper Down option that is available if a Taper Down time was entered during programming. It
may be activated when the continuous delivery portion of a TPN with Taper Down protocol is stopped.
Complete the steps in the following table to set Auto Taper Down.
Auto Taper Down

Press [STOP] during TPN delivery.
Press [YES/ENTER] to select Auto Taper Down.
Enter the Auto Taper Down time.
Maximum Auto Taper Down time is either 3 hours or two times the remaining volume divided by the continuous
delivery rate, whichever is less.
Make the desired time change or press [YES/ENTER] to accept the current settings.
Return to the RUN mode.
Press [START].
Changing a TPN The TPN program has the following parameters that can be changed only before [START] is pressed:
Program ■ TPN volume
■ Taper times
■ Total TPN time
Parameters that can be changed at any time include:

■ KVO rate
■ Increase container size only
■ Air-in-line sensitivity
Delivery type cannot be changed.
TIP: Auto Taper Down can be used if a patient needs to discontinue TPN therapy
unexpectedly. This feature can minimize hypoglycemia.

TPN Program
Complete the steps in the following table to change the TPN program:
Changing a TPN Program

Press [STOP] (puts pump in STOP mode).
Press [CHANGE].
Select CHANGE PROGRAM (option 3).
Make the desired changes or press [YES/ENTER] to accept the current settings.
Review the program.
Press [START].
TIP: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the

FULL or NEW CONTAINER Lock.

TPN Program
TPN The following is a hypothetical prescription to provide an example of programming a TPN therapy.
Programming
Scenario TPN With Taper: 2500 mL to infuse I.V. over 12 hours with a Taper Up time of 1 hour and a Taper Down time
of 1 hour. KVO to infuse at 1 mL/hr after infusion until patient disconnects. The pharmacy prepares a container of
2550 mL, which includes overfill for priming.
TPN Programming Scenario

2500 mL
3 in 1 TPN
12 hour delivery
1 hour Taper Up, 1 hour Taper Down
1 mL KVO
Select TPN from Programming Menu.
Select the delivery type. Both Up and Down
Enter the total TPN volume. 2500 mL
Enter Taper Up time. 1:00
Enter Taper Down time. 1:00
Enter total time to infuse. 12:00
Enter the KVO rate. 1.0 mL/hr
Confirm the container size. 2550 mL
Select the air-in-line sensitivity. ON
Review the program.

TPN Program
Recording and clearing shift totals are two of the most common interactions you will have with the GemStar pump when Recording and
using the Continuous program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using the Clearing Shift Totals
Continuous program.
Recording and Clearing Shift Totals

Press [HELP] (“hot key”) to display shift totals when the pump IS NOT in PROGRAMMING mode or an alarm condition.
OR
Press [OPTIONS] and select HISTORIES. Then select SHIFT TOTALS from the Histories Menu. The shift totals
appear on the screen.
Use the keys to scroll through the display. When done, the pump displays the message
CLEAR TOTALS? YES OR NO.
Press [YES/ENTER] to clear the shift totals or press [NO] to exit the Options Menu without clearing the shift totals.
NOTE: Amounts cleared are recorded and stored in the History Event Log. They can be
reviewed there.
NOTE: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the FULL or CONTAINER Lock.
An important function of the GemStar pump is continuing a program when a new container is hung. Perform the steps in Starting a New
the following table to repeat the current program with a new container. Container
Starting a New Container

From the STOP mode, press [CHANGE] to access the Change Menu.
Select CONTAINER (option 1) from the Change Menu. NEW CONTAINER displays for several seconds and
the amount infused clears from the pump’s memory.
Press [START] to begin delivery.
TIP: A quick way to remember starting a new container on the GemStar

is the order of the keys pressed:
[STOP].
[CHANGE].
[1] (NEW CONTAINER).
[START].
NOTE: The NEW CONTAINER function is not available when the pump is in FULL Lock.

TPN Program
Study Questions 1. If an incorrect value is entered during programming, press __________ before pressing
[YES/ENTER] to reset the value to zero.
A. [NO]
B. [HELP]
C. [CHANGE]
D. [BACK-UP]
E.
2. TPN therapy allows:

A. Delivery of mcg, mg, or mL/hr with selectable KVO option.
B. Programming of the delivery rate in mL only.
C. Administration of analgesics or anesthetics for patient-controlled analgesia.
D. Programming of a delivery rate as a function of body weight.
3. A quick and easy way to remember the steps for starting a new container on the GemStar
pump is:
A. [STOP], [CHANGE], [1], [START]
B. [START], [STOP], [CHANGE], [1]
C. [1], [STOP], [START], [CHANGE]
D. [STOP], [1], [CHANGE], [START]
4. The NEW CONTAINER function is not available when the pump is in:
A. KEYPAD Lock
B. LOCKBOX mode
C. PROGRAMMING mode
D. FULL Lock
E. CONTAINER Lock
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of TPN therapy?

A. Optional KVO (1.0 – 5.0 mL/hr) may be set during programming.
B. Auto Taper Down cannot be accessed during infusion.
C. If a number outside the acceptable program range is entered, an error message displays the minimum or maxi-
mum value allowed.
D. The rate range is 1.0 to 1000 mL/hr.
E. All of the above are true of TPN therapy.
6. If KVO is programmed during TPN therapy, the ___________ is increased to accommodate

KVO delivery.
A. Air-in-line sensitivity
B. Infusion rate
C. Container size
D. Bolus size

TPN Program
7. TRUE/FALSE: In TPN therapy, it is common practice to turn on the air-in-line alarm rather
than use an air-eliminating filter.
8. Auto Taper Down can be used if a patient needs to discontinue TPN therapy unexpectedly.
This feature minimizes:
A. Shock
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Severe blood pressure changes
E. Rate changes
9. Which of the following TPN parameters cannot be changed?

A. KVO rate
B. TPN volume
C. Taper times
D. Delivery type

TPN Program
1. If an incorrect value is entered during programming, press __________ before pressing Study Answers
C. [CHANGE]
2. TPN therapy allows:

pump is:
D. FULL Lock
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of TPN therapy?

B. Auto Taper Down cannot be accessed during infusion.
6. If KVO is programmed during TPN therapy, the ___________ is increased to accommodate

KVO delivery.
C. Container size
7. TRUE/FALSE: In TPN therapy, it is common practice to turn on the air-in-line alarm rather
than use an air-eliminating filter.
FALSE
8. Auto Taper Down can be used if a patient needs to discontinue TPN therapy unexpectedly.
This feature minimizes:
B. Hypoglycemia
9. Which of the following TPN parameters cannot be changed?

D. Delivery type

Pain Management Program
PAIN MANAGEMENT PROGRAM—

MODULE D
Programming Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-2

Pain Management Therapy Programming . . . . . . . .D-3
Pain Management Programming Scenario . . . . . . .D-7
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-10
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-13
Objectives
■ Program and change a Pain Management therapy;

■ Deliver a bolus using the bolus button on top of the device or the optional bolus
delivery cord;
■ Program and deliver a clinician activated loading dose; and
■ Record and clear shift totals during Pain Management therapy.
GemStar® Certification Program D-1

pressing 100).
Programming Tips

a previous screen.
Key Function Key Function

[0]-[9] Selects menu items and enters Scrolls through program review and
numeric values. help messages. The up arrow inserts
a decimal point in a numeric value.
The down arrow toggles units of mea-
sure when entering concentrations.
Accepts entries or continues when Clears numeric value (reset to zero)
done viewing a display. during programming.
Displays information during Returns to a previous display, exits

programming and alarm conditions. the Options Menu, and exits the
HELP mode.
D-2 GemStar® Certification Program

The Pain Management therapy provides administration of analgesics or anesthetics for patient-controlled analgesia. Pain Management
It allows for: Therapy
■ Continuous only delivery Programming
■ Bolus only delivery
■ Continuous + bolus delivery
Key considerations for Pain Management therapy include:

■ Rate range 0.1 to 25 mL/hr.
■ A loading dose may be set during programming, which can be delivered after programming and priming are complete.
The default loading dose rate is 125 mL/hr.
■ The default bolus delivery rate is 125 mL/hr (or equivalent mg/hr or mcg/hr).
■ A clinician activated bolus can be given at any time.
■ In Continuous + Bolus protocols, you can enter zero for either the continuous rate or the bolus dose when entering or
changing a program. The continuous rate and the bolus dose cannot be zero at the same time.
■ If a number outside of the acceptable program range is entered, an error message displays the minimum or maximum
value allowed.
■ Priming using [PURGE] is only allowed before [START] is pressed or after one of the following events occur:
– Complete Review of New Program
– New Container
– Air-in-Line Alarm
TIP: The GemStar will round values to the nearest 0.1 mL. When a value is rounded,
four quick beeps will sound and ROUNDING will appear briefly on the display.
The rounded value will be displayed. For example, at a concentration of 15 mg/mL,
a rate of 5 mg rounds to 4.5 mg.
5 mg = 0.333 mL (Rounds to 0.3 mL)
0.3 mL = 4.5 mg
CAUTION: When using pre-filled vials, the system may underdeliver at low flow rates.
NOTE: New Container is allowed only when at least 1/2 of the container volume has
been infused or 1 hour has elapsed since starting the infusion.

Complete the steps in the following table to program a Pain Management therapy:
Pain Management Programming

Select PAIN MANAGEMENT from the Programming Menu.
NOTE: If the pump is configured as a Pain Management pump only, this step will not be displayed.
Select the delivery type.
NOTE: If you select Continuous + Bolus, you can change the continuous delivery rate or bolus
amount to zero through the Change Menu without reprogramming the pump. Both of
these cannot be zero at the same time.
Select the unit of measure and concentration, as required.
Program the continuous delivery rate.
Program a loading dose, if ordered.
Program a bolus dose with lockout time and dose limit, if required.
If programmed in units of mcg or mg, mg flashes on the display. Enter the container size in mg or mL.
NOTE: In order to enter the total in mL when programming a concentration, press to
move to the mL line. Enter the mL value when mL flashes on the display.
Review the program.
Dose Limit The 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit is the maximum volume (continuous + bolus) that may be delivered over the selected
period. When the programmed dose limit is reached, continuous delivery stops and a new bolus is not allowed. As the
oldest delivery amounts are removed from the Hour Dose Limit record, the pump accepts a bolus request or resumes
continuous delivery (if programmed).
Hard Limits If a 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit is programmed, a bolus in progress will stop when the amount infused reaches the
dose limit.
Loading doses are included in the Dose Limit volume, and a Dose Limit could prevent the delivery of a loading dose.
Bolus Delivery Bolus doses, bolus lockout time, and delivery limits are set during programming. An optional bolus cord is available for
patient bolus requests.
To deliver a bolus, press the bolus button on top of the pump or press the button on the end of the bolus cord. BOLUS
DELIVERY will flash on the display when the bolus is delivering. The amount infused accrues as the delivery progresses.
NOTE:
■ The pump records the bolus request and delivery amount in the Event and Bolus History Logs.
■ The delivered bolus is added to the Total Bolus Amount in the program amounts.
■ The pump resets the bolus lockout time; subsequent bolus requests are ignored until the lockout time has elapsed.
■ The programmed infusion continues.

TIP: If the bolus delivery does not begin, it may be locked out because:
■ The pump is in the bolus lockout period.
■ Loading dose delivery is in progress.
■ Bolus dose delivery is in progress.
■ The bolus per-hour limit has been exceeded.
■ The 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit has been exceeded.
A Loading Dose is set during programming and can be delivered after programming and priming are complete. Loading Dose Loading Dose
amounts are included in a 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit. Delivery
The clinician activated loading dose is a feature that is available only when the pump is unlocked or in THERAPY Lock.
Complete the steps in the following table to program a clinician activated loading dose.
Program and Deliver a Clinician Activated Loading Dose

From the STOP mode, press [YES/ENTER] immediately followed by [0].
The message PROGRAM A LOADING DOSE? appears on the display.
Press [YES/ENTER].
Enter the loading dose.
Press [YES/ENTER].
The message DELIVER THE LOADING DOSE NOW? appears on the display.
If [YES/ENTER] is pressed, infusion DOES NOT begin automatically when the clinician activated loading dose is complete.
Press [START] to resume infusion after the Loading Dose is complete.

Changing a Pain The Pain Management program has several parameters that can be changed including:
Management ■ Delivery rate
Program ■ Bolus dose
■ Container size
■ Dose limit time
■ Bolus lock out
Parameters that cannot be changed include:

■ Unit of measure
■ Delivery type
■ Concentration
■ Dose limit type
TIP: If the facility uses protocols that vary from Bolus Only to Continuous + Bolus,
then the recommended delivery type is Continuous + Bolus. The continuous rate
or bolus amount may be set to zero. Both of these cannot be zero at the same time.
Complete the steps in the following table to change the Pain Management program:
Changing a Pain Management Program

Press [CHANGE].
Make the desired changes.
OR
Press [YES/ENTER] to accept the current settings.
Review the program.
Press [START].
TIP: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the FULL Lock or
CONTAINER Lock. With a RATE CHANGE Lock, the continuous delivery rate
and bolus amount can be changed within the set ranges.

using the Pain Management program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using Clearing Shift Totals
the Pain Management program.

OR
NOTE: Amounts cleared are recorded and stored in the History Event Log. They can
be reviewed there.
The following is a hypothetical prescription to provide an example of programming a Pain Management therapy for a Pain Management
hospital application. Programming
Scenario
Hospital: A post-op patient has orders for PCA therapy. PCA concentration 1:1 morphine sulfate in a 30 mL prefilled vial.
Pain management orders a continuous rate of 1.5 mL/hr with a PCA dose of 1 mL every 8 minutes. 4° lockout 30 mL.

Pain Management Programming Scenario

Morphine Sulfate: 30 mg in 30 mL of prefilled vial
Concentration: 1 mg/mL
Continuous Infusion Rate: 1.5 mg/hr
Bolus Dose: 1 mg
Lockout Interval: 8 minutes
Select PAIN MANAGEMENT from Programming Menu. Note: If pump is configured as a Pain Management
pump only, this step will not be displayed.
Select the delivery type. Continuous + bolus
Enter the unit of measure. mg/mL
Select CONCENTRATION. Press [ENTER]. 1 mg/mL
Set the continuous delivery rate. 1.5 mg/hr
Press [ENTER].
Program the loading dose. [NO]
Program the bolus dose. 1 mg
Enter the lockout time. 8 minutes
Select a Dose Limit. Dose Limit: Choose 4 hour Limit (1).
Set 4-Hour Limit. 30 mg
Enter the container size. 30 mL
Press and enter size when mL flashes.
Select the air-in-line sensitivity. ON (1)
Press [ENTER].
Review the program.
Press [START].
Discontinue The Continuous Rate

Press [STOP].
Press [CHANGE].
Select [4] CHANGE PROGRAM.
Set rate to zero by pressing [0] or press [CHANGE].
Press [ENTER].
Review the program.

Setting the Rate Change Lock Level

To lock in a rate change, press [OPTIONS].
Press KEYPAD Lock [3].
Press RATE CHANGE Lock [1].
Set Rate Range:
Minimum (8 mg) Max (12 mg)
Press [ENTER].
Set Bolus Range:
Minimum (3 mg) Maximum (5 mg)
Press [ENTER].
Enter Lock Sequence: 13000
TIP: When the pump is locked, a small lock symbol appears in the lower left corner of
the display along with the lock level abbreviation in the lower right corner.
Complete the following steps to unlock the pump:
Unlocking the Pump

Select KEYPAD LOCK from Options Menu.
Select the lock level from the Keypad Lock Menu.
Enter the lock sequence number for that level.
(For UNLOCKED, FULL, NEW CONTAINER, and RATE CHANGE Locks, the lock sequence is 13000.)

Study Questions 1. After the pump has been programmed, __________ functions like an “ESCAPE” key to exit
the Options, Help, and Histories menus.
A. [YES/ENTER]
B. [BACK-UP]
C. [SILENCE]
D. [HELP]
E. [OPTIONS]
2. Pain Management therapy allows:

3. Which of the following are types of Pain Management delivery?

A. Continuous + Bolus delivery
B. Continuous Only delivery
C. Bolus Only delivery
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the Pain Management therapy?

A. If a number outside the acceptable program range is entered, an error message displays the minimum and maxi-
mum values allowed.
B. Piggybacking is available.
C. A clinician activated bolus dose can be given at any time.
E. All of the above are true of Pain Management therapy.
5. The GemStar will round values to the nearest ___________ mL.

A. 0.1
B. 1.0
C. 0.5
D. 10
6. TRUE/FALSE: A loading dose may be set during programming. It can be delivered after
programming and priming are complete.
7. What is the default bolus delivery rate in a Pain Management therapy?

A. 90 mL/hr
B. 10 mL/hr
C. 125 mL/hr
D. 12.5 mL/hr
E. 1.0 mL/hr
8. If you select _____________ , you can change the continuous delivery rate or bolus rate to
zero via the Change Menu without reprogramming the pump.
A. Continuous only
B. Bolus only
C. Continuous + Bolus
D. Placebo + Bolus
9. TRUE/FALSE: If the pump is configured as a Pain Management pump only, you still must
select PAIN MANAGEMENT from the Programming Menu.
10. In order to enter the total mL when programming in units of delivery, press ________ to
A.
B.
C. [CHANGE]
D. [OPTIONS]
11. The 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit is the:

A. Minimum volume (continuous + bolus) that may be delivered over the selected period.
B. Maximum volume (continuous + bolus) that may be delivered over the selected period.
C. Minimum volume (bolus only) that may be delivered over the selected period.
D. Maximum volume (continuous only) that may be delivered over the selected period.
12. The pump records a bolus request and delivery amount in the:
A. Event and Bolus History Logs
B. Shift totals
C. Options Menu
D. Program settings
13. If the bolus delivery does not begin, it may be locked out because:
A. The pump is in the bolus lockout period.
B. Loading dose delivery is in progress.
C. Bolus dose delivery is in progress.
D. The bolus-per-hour limit has been exceeded.
E. The 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit has been exceeded.
F. All of the above.
14. TRUE/FALSE: Loading dose amounts are included in a 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit.
15. The clinician activated loading dose is a feature that is available only when the pump is
unlocked or in ________ Lock.
A. KEYPAD
B. THERAPY
C. PROGRAM
D. FULL
E. NEW CONTAINER
16. TRUE/FALSE: Infusion begins automatically when the clinician activated loading dose
is complete.
17. When changing a current program, which of the following parameters can be changed in
Pain Management?
A. Delivery rate
B. Bolus dose
C. Container size
D. Concentration
E. A, B, and C
F. All of the above.
18. In the RATE CHANGE Lock level, which of the following can be changed:
A. Continuous delivery rate
B. Bolus lock out
C. Bolus rate
D. Container size
E. A and C
F. B and D
19. Recording and clearing ___________ are two of the most common interactions you will
have with the GemStar pump when using a Pain Management therapy.
A. VTBI volumes
B. Shift totals
C. Delivery rates
D. Pump settings
E. Options
20. Cleared shift totals are recorded and stored in the ______ where they can be reviewed.
A. History Event Log
B. Menu Log
C. Lincoln Log
D. Media Event Log
21. Which of the following is the correct way to display shift totals:
A. Press the [CHANGE] key.
B. Press the [HELP] key and press until CLEAR? is displayed.
C. Press [ON/OFF].
D. Press [OPTIONS] and press until CLEAR? is displayed.

1. After the pump has been programmed, __________ functions like an “ESCAPE” key to exit Study Answers
the Options, Help, and Histories menus.
B. [BACK-UP]
2. Pain Management therapy allows:

3. Which of the following are types of Pain Management delivery?

4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the Pain Management therapy?

B. Piggybacking is available.
5. The GemStar will round values to the nearest ___________ mL.

A. 0.1
6. TRUE/FALSE: A loading dose may be set during programming. It can be delivered after
programming and priming are complete.
TRUE
7. What is the default bolus delivery rate in a Pain Management therapy?

C. 125 mL/hr
8. If you select _____________ , you can change the continuous delivery rate or bolus rate to
zero via the Change Menu without reprogramming the pump.
C. Continuous + Bolus
9. TRUE/FALSE: If the pump is configured as a Pain Management pump only, you still must
select PAIN MANAGEMENT from the Programming Menu.
FALSE
10. In order to enter the total mL when programming in units of delivery, press ________ to
B.
11. The 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit is the:

B. Maximum volume (continuous + bolus) that may be delivered over the selected period.
12. The pump records a bolus request and delivery amount in the:
A. Event and Bolus History Logs
13. If the bolus delivery does not begin, it may be locked out because:
F. All of the above
14. TRUE/FALSE: Loading dose amounts are included in a 1-Hour or 4-Hour Dose Limit.
FALSE

15. The clinician activated loading dose is a feature that is available only when the pump is
unlocked or in ________ Lock.
B. THERAPY
16. TRUE/FALSE: Infusion begins automatically when the clinician activated loading dose
is complete.
FALSE
17. When changing a current program, which of the following parameters can be changed in
Pain Management?
E. A, B, and C
18. In the RATE CHANGE Lock level, which of the following can be changed:
E. A and C
have with the GemStar pump when using an mL/hr therapy.
B. Shift totals
20. Cleared shift totals are recorded and stored in the ______ where they can be reviewed.
21. Which of the following is the correct way to display shift totals:
B. Press the [HELP] key and press until CLEAR? is displayed.

Intermittent Program
INTERMITTENT PROGRAM—MODULE E
Programming Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-2

Intermittent Therapy Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-2
Intermittent Programming Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-9
TIPs for Intermittent Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-10
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-11
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-13
Objectives
■ Program and change Intermittent therapy;

■ Record and clear shift totals during Intermittent therapy;
■ Hang a new container during Intermittent therapy; and
■ Program a delayed start time for Intermittent therapy.
GemStar® Certification Program E-1

pressing 100).
Programming Tips

a previous screen.
Intermittent Therapy Intermittent therapy allows you to program multiple doses at regular intervals. It is desirable for optimal effectiveness
Programming of certain therapies such as antibiotics. Key considerations for Intermittent therapy include:
■ The pump can be programmed to deliver the first dose at a later time (delayed start time).
■ KVO will deliver prior to the programmed, delayed start time.
■ Rate range is 0.1 to 1000 mL/hr.
■ If a number outside of the acceptable program range is entered, an error message displays the minimum or maximum
value allowed.
■ The pump may be disconnected from the patient between dose deliveries. A call-back alarm can be set to alert the
patient or caregiver to reconnect the pump before the next scheduled delivery begins. The pump must remain on
for the call-back alarm to function.
■ For delayed start when time is entered, use arrow key to change am/pm.
TIP: Be sure to increase the container size to include the KVO amount before the first
dose is delivered and add enough overfill to accommodate priming and purging air.
E-2 GemStar® Certification Program

Complete the steps in the following table to program an Intermittent therapy:
Intermittent Therapy Programming

Select INTERMITTENT from the Programming Menu.
Enter the dose amount.
Set the infusion time for each dose.
Set the frequency of dose deliveries.
Enter the total number of doses in the container.
Enter the KVO rate.
NOTE: KVO delivers before a delayed start time, between doses, and after the last dose
until the entire programmed container size is reached.
Enter the desired container size.
NOTE: The pump automatically calculates the minimum container size required to deliver the
number of programmed doses and KVO between doses. Add 10 – 15 mL overfill for
purging in the event of an air-in-line alarm and priming the pump before the first dose.
Request a call-back alarm or press [NO] if a call-back alarm is not desired.
NOTE: Allow sufficient time for the patient or caregiver to reconnect the pump and to
press [START] before the scheduled dose start time.
Confirm the time is correct or press [OPTIONS] to change the clock.
The pump will display the message START NOW? Set a delayed start time or press [YES/ENTER] to set the
delivery to begin when the pump enters the RUN mode.
Review the program.
The pump will automatically alarm until you push the Start Key.

Call-Back Alarm The pump may be disconnected from the patient between dose deliveries. The call-back alarm can be set to alert the
patient or caregiver to reconnect the pump before the next scheduled delivery begins. At the set time before each dose,
the alarm sounds, START flashes on the display, and the alarm LED flashes.
The call-back alarm works only when the pump is on and in the STOP mode. If the call-back alarm has been set, the
pump should not be turned off while it is disconnected from the patient.
Delayed Start Complete the steps in the following table to use a delayed start without specifying a start time.
Delayed Start Without Specifying a Start Time

At step 11 in the programming procedure (Table D-2), press [YES/ENTER]. START NOW displays.
Complete the program review.
Turn off the pump.
When the pump is powered on again, complete the program review and press [START] to begin.
TIP: When interruptions occur prior to or during an Intermittent delivery dose,

subsequent doses are typically shifted to maintain the desired delivery
intervals. In some cases, the delivery times may need to be reprogrammed by
selecting NEXT DOSE in the Options Menu.
Next Dose The Next Dose option allows you to change the start time of the next dose. This function is available only in the
Intermittent mode and only when the pump currently is not delivering a dose. To access the Next Dose function,
select NEXT DOSE from the Options Menu. Use the number keys to enter the start time for the next dose.
Press [YES/ENTER] to accept the change and exit the Options Menu.
TIP: The NEXT DOSE option displays only when an Intermittent therapy has
been programmed.

Interruptions in the Intermittent delivery will occur if a start time is missed. Situations that can cause the start time of the Interruptions
Intermittent therapy to be missed, and solutions to take, are as follows:
Situation Solution
The programmed start time is missed. It can be changed by selecting
NEXT DOSE from the Options Menu.
The pump remains in the STOP mode and the first Press [START] to begin delivery immediately and
dose is missed. all subsequent doses will be shifted.
The pump is programmed with a delayed start time but is Select NEXT DOSE from the Options Menu and change
turned off. The pump will skip to the next occurrence of the start time.
the programmed start time. For example, if the first dose
is programmed to start at 10 a.m. and the pump is turned
on at 12 p.m., the pump will wait until the next day.
TIP: If the first dose is missed when the pump is off, the NEXT DOSE function
is still available.

Dose Interruptions The pump will resolve interruptions that occur. The following figure illustrates a normal Intermittent delivery given every four
hours over 12 hours.
Figure E-1
Normal Intermittent
Delivery
If an Intermittent dose is interrupted and the pump is placed in the RUN mode during the on or off cycle of the current
dose, the dose delivery continues from the point where it was interrupted, and all subsequent doses are shifted.
The following figure illustrates this.
Figure E-2
Interruption of
Intermittent Delivery
If an Intermittent dose is interrupted and the pump is placed in the RUN mode after the off cycle of the current dose,
the next dose begins delivery and all subsequent doses are shifted, if necessary. The following figure illustrates this.
Figure E-3
Interruption of
Intermittent Delivery
When the dose is complete, the start time for the next dose displays. To change the start time, access the Options Menu
and select NEXT DOSE.
Any missed Intermittent doses, except for the first dose, are added to the end of the delivery schedule.

The Intermittent program has several parameters that can be changed including: Changing an
■ Dose amount Intermittent Program
■ KVO rate
■ Container size
■ Call-back alarm
The current time cannot be changed after the [START] key is pressed.
TIP: After the [START] key has been pressed, the start time can only be changed
by selecting NEXT DOSE from the Options Menu.
Follow the steps in the table below to change the Intermittent program:
Changing an Intermittent Program

Press [CHANGE].
Make the desired changes.
OR
Press [YES/ENTER] to accept the current settings.
Review the program.
Press [START].
TIP: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the FULL Lock or the
NEW CONTAINER Lock.

Recording and Recording and clearing shift totals are two of the most common interactions you will have with the GemStar pump when
Clearing Shift Totals using the Intermittent program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using the
Intermittent program.

OR
reviewed there.
Starting a New An important function of the GemStar pump is continuing a program when a new container is hung. Perform the steps in
Container the following table to repeat the current program with a new container.

Select NEW CONTAINER (option 1) from the Change Menu. NEW CONTAINER displays for several
seconds and the amount infused clears from the pump’s memory.
TIP: A quick way to remember starting a new container on the GemStar is the
order of the keys pressed:
[STOP].
[CHANGE].
[START].

The following is a hypothetical prescription to provide an example of programming an Intermittent therapy. Intermittent
■ Infuse Nafcillin 2 gm in 50 mL I.V. over 30 minutes every 4 hours. KVO at a rate of 0.4 mL/hr in between doses. Programming
■ The pharmacy prepares a 325 mL container of normal saline containing 6 doses (24-hour supply), Scenario
plus overfill for KVO and priming.
Intermittent Programming Scenario

Nafcillin 13 gm in 325 mL
Infuse Nafcillin 50 mL (2 gm) I.V. over 30 minutes every 4 hours
KVO 0.4 mL/hr
6 doses (24 hr supply) per 325 mL bag includes overfill
Select INTERMITTENT from the Programming Menu.
Enter the dose amount. 50 mL
Set the infusion time for each dose. 30 min
Set the frequency of dose deliveries. 400 (4 hrs and 0 min)
Enter the total number of doses in the container. 6
NOTE: KVO delivers before a delayed start time, between doses,
and after the last dose until the total container is infused.
Enter the desired container size. 325 mL
NOTE: The pump automatically calculates the minimum container
size (308.4 mL) required to deliver the number of
programmed doses and KVO between doses. 325 mL
includes overfill for priming and purging.
Select the air-in-line sensitivity. 2
NOTE: DO NOT press [ENTER] after selecting the air sensitivity.
If [ENTER] is accidentally pressed and a call back alarm is
not desired, press [BACK-UP] to return to the beginning of
step 9 and press [NO].
Pump displays CALLBACK ALARM? Press [NO].
NOTE: If callback alarm is selected, allow enough time for the
patient or caregiver to reconnect the pump to the patient
and to press [START] before the scheduled dose start time.
Confirm the time is correct or press [OPTIONS] to change the clock. Press [YES/ENTER].
Set a delayed start time or press [YES/ENTER] to set the delivery to begin when
the pump enters the RUN mode.
Review the program.

TIPs for Intermittent TIP: When interruptions occur prior to or during an Intermittent delivery dose,
Programming subsequent doses are typically shifted to maintain the desired delivery intervals.
In some cases, the delivery times may need to be reprogrammed by selecting
NEXT DOSE in the Options Menu.
TIP: If the first dose is missed when the pump is off, the NEXT DOSE function
is still available.
TIP: The start time can be changed prior to infusion by selecting NEXT DOSE from the
Options Menu. Once the [START] key has been pressed, the start time cannot
be changed.
TIP: When placed in RUN mode, the pump begins delivery from the time started.

1. Pressing the key during programming: Study Questions

A. Scrolls through multiple display screens.
B. Toggles between a.m. and p.m. when in the CLOCK mode.
C. Puts in the decimal point.
E. A and B only.
2. The pump automatically calculates the minimum container size required to deliver the number
of programmed doses and the KVO between doses. You should add __________ overfill for
purging in the event of an air-in-line alarm or priming the pump.
A. 1 – 5 mL
B. 10 – 15 mL
C. 50 – 100 mL
D. 100 – 150 mL
3. Which of the following is TRUE of the Intermittent therapy?

B. The pump may be disconnected from the patient between dose deliveries.
C. The pump can be programmed to deliver the first dose at a later time (delayed start time).
E. All of the above are true of Intermittent therapy.
4. TRUE/FALSE: KVO will deliver prior to the programmed, delayed infusion start time.
pump is:
A. KEYPAD Lock
B. LOCKBOX mode
C. PROGRAMMING mode
D FULL Lock
E. NEW CONTAINER Lock

7. The call-back alarm works only when the pump is on and in the:
A. START mode
B. PLACEBO mode
C. PROGRAM mode
D. RUN mode
E. STOP mode
8. TRUE/FALSE: A call-back alarm will not sound if a KVO has been programmed.
9. Which of the following is NOT a situation that can result in the interruption of
an Intermittent therapy start time?
A. The pump is on and in the START mode.
B. The programmed start time is missed.
C. The pump remains in the STOP mode and the first dose is missed.
D. The pump is programmed with a delayed start time but is turned off.
10. Which of the following parameters cannot be changed after [START] is pressed in
an Intermittent therapy?
A. Dose amount
B. Container size
C. Current time
D. Air-in-line sensitivity
E. Call-back alarm
11. TRUE/FALSE: After the [START] key has been pressed, the start time can only be changed by
selecting NEXT DOSE from the Options Menu.

1. Pressing the key during programming: Study Answers

2. The pump automatically calculates the minimum container size required to deliver the number
of programmed doses and the KVO between doses. You should add __________ overfill for
purging in the event of an air-in-line alarm or priming the pump.
B. 10 – 15 mL
3. Which of the following is TRUE of the Intermittent therapy?

E. All of the above are true of Intermittent therapy.
4. TRUE/FALSE: KVO will deliver prior to the programmed, delayed infusion start time.
TRUE
5. A quick and easy way to remember the steps for starting a new container on the
GemStar pump is:
D. FULL Lock
7. The call-back alarm works only when the pump is on and in the:
E. STOP mode
8. TRUE/FALSE: A call-back alarm will not sound if a KVO has been programmed.
FALSE
9. Which of the following is NOT a situation that can result in the interruption of an
Intermittent therapy start time?
A. The pump is on and in the START mode.
10. Which of the following parameters cannot be changed after [START] is pressed in an
Intermittent therapy?
C. Current time
11. TRUE/FALSE: After the [START] key has been pressed, the start time can only be changed
by selecting NEXT DOSE from the Options Menu.
TRUE

Continuous Program
CONTINUOUS PROGRAM—MODULE F
Programming Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F-2

Continuous Therapy Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . .F-3
Continuous Programming Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . .F-8
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F-9
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F-11
Objectives
■ Program and change TPN and Continuous therapy;

■ Perform rate titration during Continuous infusion;
■ Record and clear shift totals during Continuous therapy;
■ Hang a new container during Continuous therapy; and
■ Perform a secondary delivery (piggybacking) during Continuous therapy.
GemStar® Certification Program F-1

Continuous Program
pressing 100).
Programming Tips

a previous screen.
F-2 GemStar® Certification Program

Continuous Program
Continuous infusion allows for delivery of mg, mcg, or mL/hr with selectable KVO option. Key considerations for Continuous
continuous infusion include: Therapy
■ Rate range is 0.1 to 1000 mL/hr. Programming
■ The rate can be titrated while the pump is infusing.

■ An optional secondary medication can be delivered with a secondary administration set.
■ If a number outside of the acceptable program range is entered, an error message displays the minimum or
Complete the steps in the following table to program a Continuous therapy:
Continuous Therapy Programming

Select CONTINUOUS from the Programming Menu.
Select the unit of measure and the concentration as required.
Enter the rate.
Enter the VTBI.
Enter the KVO rate.
KVO runs after the programmed VTBI until the total container is infused.
Enter the container size.
If KVO is programmed, the container size is increased to accommodate the KVO delivery.
To enter the total in mL when programming a concentration, press to move to the mL line and
enter the container size.
Review the program.
The Continuous therapy rate can be titrated while the pump is infusing. Rate Titration
Perform the following steps to titrate the rate during infusion:
Titrating During Infusion

Begin with the pump in RUN mode.
Press the numeric keys corresponding to the new rate.
Press [YES/ENTER] when the new rate flashes on the display.
Press [YES/ENTER] when the new rate is displayed to accept the rate and begin delivery or press [NO] to continue
delivery at the programmed rate.

Continuous Program
Piggybacking Secondary delivery (piggybacking) is available with Continuous infusion. In order to piggyback with
the GemStar, ensure the following conditions are met.
■ The fluids being administered must be chemically and physically compatible.
■ GemStar Primary Piggyback Set with a proximal Y-site backcheck valve and an Abbott Secondary Administration Set
with an extension hook must be used.
■ During the infusion, the secondary container must be higher than the primary container.
TIP: After pressing a numeric key, the decimal key or [YES/ENTER] must be pressed
within approximately five seconds. If a key is not pressed within five seconds,
the rate does not change and the delivery continues as originally programmed.
TIP: The piggyback rate and piggyback VTBI display until the secondary container
has been delivered. The primary delivery then resumes automatically.
The piggyback infusion amount is NOT added to the primary programmed infusion amount.
Complete the steps in the following table to prepare a piggyback delivery:
Preparation for Piggyback Delivery

Prepare the primary piggyback set with a primary Y-site backcheck valve.
Suspend the primary container from the I.V. pole, using the extension hook. (A)
Prepare the secondary administration set according to package instructions.
Attach a needle or a blunt cannula (as appropriate) and prime the secondary
administration set.
Close the secondary clamp and suspend the secondary container from the I.V. pole. (B)
Connect the secondary set to the proximal Y-injection site or proximal port using
aseptic technique. (C)
Program piggyback delivery and open the clamp.
In order to distinguish between piggyback and primary delivery, PIGGYBACK appears in the display window and the
piggyback VTBI counts down to completion.
TIP: When using a secondary container of 500 mL or greater, ensure the bottom of
the secondary container is at least 7 inches above the fluid level in the primary
container. Use additional extension hooks if necessary.

Continuous Program
Complete the steps in the following table to program the pump for piggyback delivery:
Programming for Piggyback Delivery

Press [CHANGE] to access the Change Menu.
Select PIGGYBACKING from the Change Menu.
Enter the dose amount for the secondary container.
Enter the infusion time for the secondary container.
Press [YES/ENTER] to begin piggyback delivery.
Primary flow stops until the secondary container empties. Then primary flow automatically resumes. Any remaining
secondary fluid will be delivered at the primary rate. The maximum piggyback rate is 300 mL/hr. For secondary rates
above 300 mL/hr, flow may occur from the primary container.
Complete the steps in the following table to cancel a piggyback delivery:
Canceling a Piggyback Delivery

Press [CHANGE].
Select PIGGYBACKING.
Press [CHANGE] to reset the dose amount to zero.
Press [YES/ENTER] to cancel piggyback delivery.
Complete the steps in the following table to change a piggyback delivery:
Changing a Piggyback Delivery

Press [CHANGE].
Select PIGGYBACKING.
Enter the new piggyback dose amount and press [YES/ENTER].
Set the infusion time for the secondary container.
Press [YES/ENTER] to begin piggyback delivery.
The amount that has already been delivered must be known. When the piggyback dose amount is changed, the pump
begins a new VTBI countdown.

Continuous Program
Changing a Continuous The Continuous program has several parameters that can be changed including:
Program ■ Delivery rate
■ Container size
■ Piggybacking
Complete the steps in the following table to change a Continuous program:
Changing a Continuous Program

Press [CHANGE].
Press [START].
TIP: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the FULL or
CONTAINER Lock.

Continuous Program
using the Continuous program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using the Clearing Shift Totals
Continuous program.

OR
reviewed there.
NOTE: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the FULL or CONTAINER Lock.

Select NEW CONTAINER (option 2) from the Change Menu. NEW CONTAINER displays for several seconds
and the amount infused clears from the pump’s memory.
TIP: A quick way to remember starting a new container on the GemStar

is the order of the keys pressed:
[STOP].
[CHANGE].
[START].

Continuous Program
Continuous The following is a hypothetical prescription to provide an example of programming a Continuous therapy.
Programming
Scenario
Continuous Programming Scenario

Delivery rate of 75 mL/hr
Select CONTINUOUS from Programming Menu.
Select the unit of measure. mL (3)
Set the rate. 75 mL/hr
Enter the VTBI. 1000 mL
Set the KVO rate. Press [YES/ENTER].
Enter the container size. 1000 mL
Select the air-in-line sensitivity. 2 mL (2)
Review the program. Press the key.
Piggyback Scenario
A patient is receiving 1000 mL normal saline with 20 mEq of KCL for hydration at 74 mL/hr.
When the piggyback setup is complete, press [CHANGE].

Select PIGGYBACKING (option 5).
Set dose amount. 50 mL
Set infusion time. 30 min
Press [ENTER].
Piggyback begins immediately.

Continuous Program
1. If an incorrect value is entered during programming, press __________ before pressing Study Questions
A. [NO]
B. [HELP]
C. [CHANGE]
D. [BACK-UP]
E.
2. Continuous therapy allows:

D. Programming of multiple doses at regular intervals.
3. Which of the following is TRUE of the Continuous therapy?

B. Piggybacking is not available.
C. The rate can be titrated even while the pump is infusing.
E. A, C, and D
pump is:
A. KEYPAD Lock
B. LOCKBOX mode
C. PROGRAMMING mode
D. FULL Lock
6. If KVO is programmed during Continuous therapy, the ______________ is increased to

accommodate KVO delivery.
A. Air-in-line sensitivity
B. Infusion rate
C. Container size
D. Bolus size

Continuous Program
7. Which of the following conditions must be met in order to perform piggybacking with the
Continuous therapy?
A. The fluids being administered must be chemically and physically compatible.
B. An Abbott GemStar Primary Piggyback set with a proximal Y-site backcheck valve must be used alone.
C. The secondary container must be lower than the primary container.
8. TRUE/FALSE: Mark the following as either true or false.

A. Piggybacking will automatically start after the program is entered. _____
B. In order to distinguish between piggyback and primary delivery, “PRIMARY” appears in the display window during
secondary delivery and the piggyback VTBI counts down to zero. _____
C. The piggyback infusion amount is not added to the primary programmed infusion amount. _____
D. During piggybacking, primary flow stops until the secondary container empties, then primary flow automatically
resumes. _____
E. The Continuous therapy program can be changed when the pump is in the FULL Lock or NEW CONTAINER Lock. ___
9. Which of the following is NOT a parameter of the Continuous therapy that can be changed?
A. Unit of measure
B. Delivery rate
C. Container size
D. Piggybacking
E. All of the above can be changed.

Continuous Program
1. If an incorrect value is entered during programming, press __________ before pressing Study Answers
C. [CHANGE]
2. Continuous therapy allows:

A. Delivery of mg/mL, mcg/mL, or mL with selectable KVO option.
3. Which of the following is TRUE of the Continuous therapy?

E. A, C, and D
pump is:
D. FULL Lock
6. If KVO is programmed during Continuous therapy, the ______________ is increased to

accommodate KVO delivery.
C. Container size
7. Which of the following conditions must be met in order to perform piggybacking with the
Continuous therapy?
A. The fluids being administered must be chemically and physically compatible.
8. TRUE/FALSE: Mark the following as either true or false.

A. Piggybacking will automatically start after the program is entered. TRUE
B. In order to distinguish between piggyback and primary delivery, “PRIMARY” appears in the display window during
secondary delivery and the piggyback VTBI counts down to zero. FALSE
C. The piggyback infusion amount is not added to the primary programmed infusion amount. TRUE
D. During piggybacking, primary flow stops until the secondary container empties, then primary flow automatically
resumes. TRUE
E. The Continuous therapy program can be changed when the pump is in the FULL Lock or NEW CONTAINER Lock. FALSE
9. Which of the following is NOT a parameter of the Continuous therapy that can be changed?
A. Unit of measure

Weight Dosed Programs
WEIGHT DOSED PROGRAM—MODULE G
Programming Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-2

Weight Dosed Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-2
Weight Dosed Programming Scenario . . . . . . . . .G-6
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-9
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-13
Objectives
■ Program and change Weight Dosed therapies on the GemStar pump;

■ Perform rate titration during Weight Dosed infusions;
■ Record and clear shift totals during Weight Dosed infusion; and
■ Hang a new container during Weight Dosed infusion.
GemStar® Certification Program G-1

pressing 100).
Programming Tips

a previous screen.
Weight Dosed Weight Dosed Therapy

Therapy Weight Dosed therapy allows programming of a delivery rate as a function of body weight. Key considerations for Weight
Dosed therapy include:
■ Air-in-line sensitivity is automatically set to ON.

■ The pump automatically delivers KVO after the programmed VTBI has been delivered.
■ KVO automatically delivers at 1 mL/hr if the weight dosed rate is greater than or equal to 1 mL/hr. If the rate is less
than 1 mL/hr, KVO automatically delivers at the same rate.
■ Rate can be titrated while the pump is infusing.
■ The pump converts and displays the units of delivery as well as the rate in mL/hr.
Therapy Weight Dosed

Unit of Measure ■ mcg/kg/min ■ mg/kg/hr ■ mcg/hr ■ U/min
■ mcg/kg/hr ■ mg/min ■ grams/hr ■ U/hr
■ mcg/min ■ mL/hr ■ ng/kg/min ■ mU/min
■ mg/kg/min ■ mg/hr ■ U/kg/hr ■ mEq/hr
G-2 GemStar® Certification Program

TIP: When infusing, the device displays units of measure and mL/hr.
Complete the steps in the following table to program a Weight Dosed therapy:
Weight Dosed Programming

Select WEIGHT DOSED from the Programming Menu.
Select the unit of measure.
Enter the patient weight, if required.
Enter the concentration as mg in mL (e.g., 400 mg in 250 mL). Use the key to toggle between mL and mg.
■ Enter the value in mg when “mg” is displayed.
■ Enter the value in mL when the “mL” is displayed.
■ Press [YES/ENTER] to confirm.
NOTE: Total concentration is always entered as mg in mL, even if mcg is the selected
unit of measure.
Enter the infusion rate.
NOTE: The pump automatically displays the mL/hr equivalent even when another unit
of measure is selected.
Enter the VTBI.
Review the program.
Press [START].
NOTE: When the programmed VTBI has completed delivery, KVO delivery begins automatically
and the empty container alarm sounds. Auto KVO delivers even while the empty
container alarm sounds. Press [SILENCE] to quiet the alarm for two minutes.
The Weight Dosed program has some parameters that can be changed after the program Changing a Weight Dosed
has been saved: Program
■ Delivery rate
■ VTBI
■ Patient weight
Once the program has been saved, the following parameters cannot be changed:
■ Unit of measure
■ Concentration
WARNING: When infusing short-half-life drugs (i.e., those dosed with units of mcg/kg/min) at very low rates
(0.8 mL/hr or less) the rate may be too slow for that drug. Consider using a lower drug concentration with these
drugs so a pump rate above 0.8 mL/hr can be used.
When using a vented drip set, ALWAYS use an air-eliminating filter OR set the air sensitivity to either ON or 2 mL.

Perform the steps in the following table to change the Weight Dosed program:
Changing a Weight Dosed Program

Press [CHANGE].
Review the program.
Press [START].
TIP: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the FULL or
NEW CONTAINER Lock.
Rate Titration The Weight Dosed therapy rate can be titrated while the pump is infusing. Perform the following steps to titrate the rate
during infusion.
Titrating During Infusion

Press [YES/ENTER] when the new rate is displayed to accept the rate and begin delivery, or press [NO] to continue
TIP: After pressing a numeric key or the decimal key, [YES/ENTER] must be pressed

using the Weight Dosed program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using the Clearing Shift Totals
Weight Dosed program.

Press [HELP] (“hot key”) to display shift totals when the pump IS NOT in PROGRAMMING mode or in an alarm condition.
OR
Note: Amounts cleared are recorded and stored in the History Event Log. They can
be reviewed there.

TIP: A quick way to remember starting a new container on the GemStar is the order of
the keys pressed:
[STOP].
[CHANGE].
[START].

Weight Dosed The following scenarios are hypothetical prescriptions to provide examples of programming
Programming a Weight Dosed therapy.
Scenarios
Weight Dosed Programming Scenario A
■ Dopamine HCL 400 mg in 250 mL of D5W.
■ Infuse dopamine I.V. at a rate of 2.5 mcg/kg/min.
Patient weight: 70 kilograms

Concentration: 400 mg in 250 mL of D5W
VTBI: 250 mL
Rate: 2.5 mcg/kg/min (6.6 mL/hr)
Select WEIGHT DOSED from Programming Menu.
Select the unit of measure. mcg/kg/min
Enter the patient’s weight. 70 kg
Enter the total concentration as mg in mL. 400 mg. Press and enter 250 mL.
Press [ENTER].
Enter the infusion rate. 2.5 mcg/kg/min
Review the program.
Start infusion.
Titrate to 5 mcg/kg/min.

Weight Dosed Programming Scenario B

■ NTG 50 mg/250 mL of D5W.
■ Infuse NTG at 10 mcg/min.
Patient weight: 75 kilograms

Concentration: 50 mg in 250 mL of D5W
VTBI: 250 mL
Rate: 10 mcg/kg/min (3 mL/hr)
Select WEIGHT DOSED from Programming Menu.
Select the unit of measure. mcg/min
Enter the patient’s weight. 75 kg
Enter the total concentration as mg in mL. 50 mg. Press and enter 250 mL.
Press [ENTER].
Enter the infusion rate. 10 mcg/min
Review the program.
Start infusion.
Titrate to 5 mcg/kg/min.

Starting a New Container An important function of the GemStar pump is continuing a program when a new container is hung. Perform the steps in
the following table to repeat the current program with a new container.

the keys pressed:
[STOP].
[CHANGE].
[START].
Recording and Clearing Recording and clearing shift totals are two of the most common interactions you will have with the GemStar pump when
Shift Totals using the Weight Dosed program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using the
Weight Dosed program.

OR
NOTE: Amounts cleared are recorded and stored in the History Event Log. They can
be reviewed there.

1. FILL IN THE BLANKS: When the programmed _______ has completed delivery, KVO delivery Study Questions
begins automatically and the empty container alarm sounds. Auto KVO delivers even while
the empty container alarm sounds. Press _________ to quiet the alarm for two minutes.
A. KVO; [HELP]
B. [HELP]; [SILENCE]
C. [SILENCE]; VTBI
D. VTBI; KVO
E. VTBI; [SILENCE]
2. When programming, pressing ________ provides an explanation of the current

display message.
A. [HELP]
B. [CHANGE]
C. [YES/ENTER]
D. [BACK-UP]
E.
3. TRUE/FALSE: If a number outside of the acceptable program range is entered, an error

message displays the minimum and maximum values allowed for that value.
4. When titrating during infusion, begin with the pump in the ___________ mode.
A. STOP
B. HELP
C. OPTIONS
D. MENUS
E. RUN
have with the GemStar pump when using an mL/hr Only therapy.
A. VTBI volumes
B. Shift totals
C. Delivery rates
D. Pump settings
E. Options
6. Cleared shift totals are recorded and stored in the _______________ where they
can be reviewed.
B. Menu Log
C. Lincoln Log
D. Media Event Log

GemStar pump is:
A. KEYPAD Lock
B. LOCKBOX mode
C. PROGRAMMING mode
D. FULL Lock
9. Weight Dosed therapy allows:

10. Which of the following is a TRUE statement about Weight Dosed therapy?
A. Air-in-line sensitivity is automatically set to ON.
B. The pump automatically delivers KVO after the programmed VTBI has been delivered.
C. The rate can be titrated even while the pump is infusing.
D. The pump converts and displays the units of delivery as well as the rate in mL/hr.
E. All of the above are true.
11. TRUE/FALSE: In Weight Dosed therapy, the total concentration is always entered as mg in
mL, even if other units of measure are selected.
12. Which of the following Weight Dosed parameters can be changed after the program has
been saved?
A. Unit of measure
B. Delivery rate
C. VTBI
D. Patient weight
E. B, C, and D

13. A Weight Dosed therapy cannot be changed when the pump is in the:
A. FULL Lock
B. THERAPY Lock
C. RATE CHANGE Lock
D. NEW CONTAINER Lock
E. A and B
F. A and D

1. FILL IN THE BLANKS: When the programmed _______ has completed delivery, KVO delivery Study Answers
E. VTBI; [SILENCE]
2. When programming, pressing ___________ provides an explanation of the current

display message.
A. [HELP]

TRUE
E. RUN
B. Shift totals
can be reviewed.
GemStar pump is:
D. FULL Lock
9. Weight Dosed therapy allows:

10. Which of the following is a TRUE statement about Weight Dosed therapy?
E. All of the above are true.
11. TRUE/FALSE: In Weight Dosed therapy, the total concentration is always entered as
mg in mL, even if other units of measure are selected.
TRUE
12. Which of the following Weight Dosed parameters can be changed after the program has
been saved?
E. B, C, and D
13. A Weight Dosed therapy cannot be changed when the pump is in the:
F. A and D
mL/hr Only Programs
mL/hr ONLY PROGRAM—MODULE H
Programming Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-2

mL/hr Only Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-3
mL/hr Only Programming Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . .H-8
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-9
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-13
Objectives
■ Program and change mL/hr Only on the GemStar pump;

■ Perform rate titration during mL/hr Only;
■ Perform a secondary delivery (piggybacking) during mL/hr Only therapy;
■ Record and clear shift totals during mL/hr Only therapy; and
■ Hang a new container during mL/hr Only therapy.
GemStar® Certification Program H-1

mL/hr Only Programs
pressing 100).
Programming Tips

a previous screen.
H-2 GemStar® Certification Program

mL/hr Only Programs
This therapy allows quick programming of delivery rate in milliliters (mL) only. mL/hr Only
Therapy
■ The air sensitivity is automatically set to ON. This setting can be changed through the Options Menu after programming is
complete. Refer to Air Sensitivity in the GemStar Operators Manual, Chapter 10 Options Menu, on page 105.
■ The pump automatically delivers KVO (Keep Vein Open) after the programmed VTBI (Volume To Be Infused) is complete.
■ The rate can be titrated while the pump is infusing.
■ An optional secondary container can be “piggybacked” onto the primary container during regular delivery using an Abbott
GemStar Piggyback Pump Set. Refer to Piggybacking in this section for more information.
■ A program review is not required and is only available through the Options Menu.
WARNING: When using a vented set, ALWAYS use an air-elevating filter or set the air sensitivity
to either on or 2 mL.
Follow the steps in the table below to program a mL/hr Only therapy.
mL/hr Only Programming

Select mL/hr Only from the Programming Menu.
Enter the rate.
Enter the VTBI.
TIP: To change a container:

■ Press [STOP].
■ Press [CHANGE].
■ Select NEW CONTAINER [1].
■ Do not reset VTBI.
■ Press [START].
The mL/hr Only therapy rate can be titrated while the pump is infusing.
To titrate the rate during infusion, perform the steps in the following table:
Titrating During Infusion Rate Titration

Press [YES/ENTER] when the new rate is displayed to accept the rate and begin delivery, or press [NO] to continue
TIP: After pressing a numeric key or the decimal key, [YES/ENTER] must be pressed
Secondary delivery (piggybacking) is available with the mL/hr Only therapy. In order to piggyback with the GemStar,
the following conditions must be met:
■ The fluids being administered must be chemically and physically compatible.
■ A GemStar Primary Piggyback Administration Set with a proximal Y-site backcheck valve and a Secondary Piggyback
Administration Set with an extension hook must be used.
mL/hr Only Programs
Piggybacking ■ The secondary container must be higher than the primary container.
TIP: Piggyback will automatically start after the program is entered. Be sure the
secondary container is hung prior to programming.
TIP: During piggyback infusion, you are unable to titrate the rate.
The piggyback infusion amount is NOT added to the primary programmed infusion amount.
To prepare for piggyback delivery, perform the steps in the following table:
Preparation for Piggyback Delivery

Prepare the primary piggyback set with a primary Y-site backcheck valve.
Suspend the primary container from the I.V. pole, using the extension hook. (A)
Prepare the secondary piggyback set according to package instructions.
Attach a blunt cannula or needle (as appropriate) and prime the secondary piggyback set.
Close the secondary clamp and suspend the secondary container from the I.V. pole. (B)
Connect the secondary set to the upper backcheck Y-injection site using aseptic technique. (C)
Program piggyback delivery and open the clamp.
In order to distinguish between piggyback and primary delivery, PIGGYBACK appears in the
display window and the piggyback VTBI counts down to completion.
TIP: The piggyback rate and piggyback VTBI display until the
secondary container has been delivered. The primary
delivery then resumes automatically.
TIP: When using a secondary container of 500 mL or greater, ensure the bottom of
the secondary container is at least 7 inches above the fluid level in the primary
container. Use additional extension hooks, if necessary.
Complete the steps in the following table to program the pump for secondary delivery:
Programming for Piggyback Delivery


mL/hr Only Programs
Enter the dose amount for the secondary container.

Enter the infusion time for the secondary container.
Press [YES/ENTER] to begin piggyback delivery. Secondary infusion begins immediately.
TIP: Primary flow stops until the secondary container empties, then primary flow
automatically resumes. Any remaining secondary fluid will be delivered at the
primary rate. The maximum piggyback rate is 300 mL/hr. For secondary rates
above 300 mL/hr, flow may occur from the primary container.
Complete the steps in the following table to cancel a piggyback delivery:
Canceling a Piggyback Delivery

Press [YES/ENTER] to cancel piggyback delivery.

mL/hr Only Programs
Complete the steps in the following table to change a piggyback delivery:
Changing a Piggyback Delivery

Enter the new piggyback dose amount and press [YES/ENTER].
Set the infusion time for the secondary container.
Press [YES/ENTER] to begin piggyback delivery at the new dose amount.
TIP: When the piggyback dose amount is changed, the pump begins a new VTBI
countdown. The amount that has already been delivered must be known.
Changing a mL/hr The mL/hr Only program has several parameters that can be changed including:
Only Program ■ Delivery rate
■ Container size
■ Piggybacking
Complete the steps in the following table to change the mL/hr Only program:
Changing a mL/hr Only Program

Press [CHANGE].
Press [START].

mL/hr Only Programs
using the mL/hr Only program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using the Clearing Shift Totals
mL/hr Only program.

OR
Note: Amounts cleared are recorded and stored in the History Event Log. They can
be reviewed there.

the keys pressed:
[STOP].
[CHANGE].
(NEW CONTAINER) [1].
[START].

mL/hr Only Programs
mL/hr Only The following is a hypothetical prescription to provide an example of programming a mL/hr Only therapy.
Programming
Scenario Give 1000 mL of normal saline over 8 hours (125 mL/hr) for hydration.
mL/hr Only Programming Scenario
1000 mL normal saline
Delivery rate of 125 mL/hr
Select mL/hr Only from the Programming Menu.
Set the rate. 125 mL/hr
Set the VTBI. 1000 mL
Press [START].
Piggyback Scenario
A patient is receiving 1000 mL normal saline at 125 mL/hr and the orders read to infuse 1 g ampicillin in a 50 mL
ADD-Vantage bag over 30 minutes.
When the piggyback setup is complete, press [CHANGE].

Set dose amount. 50 mL
Set infusion time. 30 min
Press [ENTER].
Piggyback begins immediately.

mL/hr Only Programs
1. Which of the following are TRUE of the mL/hr Only therapy? Study Questions
A. Air-in-line sensitivity is automatically set to ON.
B. The rate can be titrated even while the pump is infusing.
C. A program review is not required.
D. The display screen shows the VTBI and not the amount infused.
E. A, B, and C
2. FILL IN THE BLANKS: When the programmed _______ has completed delivery, KVO delivery
A. KVO; [HELP]
B. [HELP]; [SILENCE]
C. [SILENCE]; VTBI
D. VTBI; KVO
E. VTBI; [SILENCE]
3. When programming, pressing ________ provides an explanation of the current

display message.
A. [HELP]
B. [CHANGE]
C. [YES/ENTER]
D. [BACK-UP]
E.
4. The rate range in mL/hr Only therapy is:

A. 0.1 to 1000 mL/hr
B. 0.1 to 100 mL/hr
C. 1.0 to 100 mL/hr
D. 1.0 to 500 mL/hr
E. 1.0 to 1000 mL/hr
5. An optional secondary medication (piggybacking) can be delivered during mL/hr Only

therapy using:
A. The [HELP] key
B. A primary administration set
C. A secondary administration set
D. A tertiary administration set


mL/hr Only Programs
7. TRUE/FALSE: When piggyback delivery has been programmed, pressing [YES/ENTER] begins
secondary infusion immediately.
A. STOP
B. HELP
C. OPTIONS
D. MENUS
E. RUN
9. When titrating, press [YES/ENTER] within approximately _______ seconds of pressing

a numeric key or the decimal key. If a key is not pressed within this time, the titrating
rate does not change and the delivery continues as originally programmed.
A. 2
B. 5
C. 10
D. 30
10. When using a secondary container of 500 mL or greater during piggybacking, ensure that
the bottom of the container is at least _______ inches above the fluid level in the
primary container.
A. 1
B. 4
C. 7
D. 20
E. 36
11. During piggybacking, primary flow ______ until the secondary container empties.
A. Starts
B. Slows
C. Speeds up
D. Stops
E. Reverses

mL/hr Only Programs
12. During piggybacking, the amount that has already been delivered must be known. When the
piggyback dose amount is changed, the pump begins a new:
A. KVO countdown
B. TKO countdown
C. VTBI countdown
D. KVO countup
E. VTBI rate
13. Which of the following mL/hr Only therapy parameters can be changed?
A. Delivery rate
B. Container size
C. Piggybacking
A. VTBI volumes
B. Shift totals
C. Delivery rates
D. Pump settings
E. Options
15. Cleared shift totals are recorded and stored in the _______________ where they can
be reviewed.
B. Menu Log
C. Lincoln Log
D. Media Event Log
GemStar pump is:
A. KEYPAD Lock
B. LOCKBOX mode
C. PROGRAMMING mode
D. FULL Lock

mL/hr Only Programs
1. Which of the following are TRUE of the mL/hr Only therapy? Study Answers
E. A, B, and C.
2. FILL IN THE BLANKS: When the programmed _______ has completed delivery, KVO delivery
E. VTBI; [SILENCE]
3. When programming, pressing ___________ provides an explanation of the current

display message.
A. [HELP]
4. The rate range in mL/hr Only therapy is:

A. 0.1 to 1000 mL/hr
5. An optional secondary medication (piggybacking) can be delivered during mL/hr Only

therapy using:
C. A secondary administration set

TRUE
7. TRUE/FALSE: When piggyback delivery has been programmed, pressing [YES/ENTER] begins
secondary infusion immediately.
TRUE
E. RUN
9. When titrating, press [YES/ENTER] within approximately _______ seconds of pressing

a numeric key or the decimal key. If a key is not pressed within this time, the titrating
rate does not change and the delivery continues as originally programmed.
B. 5
10. When using a secondary container of 500 mL or greater during piggybacking, ensure that the
bottom of the container is at least ___________ inches above the fluid level in the
primary container.
C. 7
11. During piggybacking, primary flow ______ until the secondary container empties.
D. Stops

mL/hr Only Programs
12. During piggybacking, the amount that has already been delivered must be known. When the
piggyback dose amount is changed, the pump begins a new:
C. VTBI countdown
13. Which of the following mL/hr Only therapy parameters can be changed?
B. Shift totals
can be reviewed.
GemStar pump is:
D. FULL Lock

Variable Time Program
VARIABLE TIME PROGRAM—MODULE I
Programming Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-2

Variable Time Therapy Programming . . . . . . . . . . .I-3
Variable Time Programming Scenario . . . . . . . . . . .I-6
TIP for Variable Time Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-7
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-8
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-11
Objectives
■ Program and change Variable Time therapy;

■ Record and clear shift totals during Variable Time therapy; and
■ Hang a new container during Variable Time therapy.
GemStar® Certification Program I-1

pressing 100).
Programming Tips

a previous screen.
I-2 GemStar® Certification Program

The Variable Time therapy allows for programming of multiple doses at specified times. Variable Time delivery can dispense Variable Time Therapy
medication in accordance with the body’s naturally occurring metabolic cycles for maximum efficiency. Programming
Key considerations for variable time therapy include:

■ There are 24 programmable phases.
■ Optional KVO (0.1 to 5 mL/hr) may be set during programming.
■ The default bolus delivery rate is 400 mL/hr.
■ If a number outside of the acceptable program range is entered, an error message displays the minimum or
Perform the steps in the following table to program a Variable Time therapy:
Variable Time Programming

Select VARIABLE TIME from the Programming Menu.
Select the phase type (percentages, rates, or doses).
Enter the unit of delivery.
Change the displayed time (if necessary).
Enter the optional base rate with start and stop time. (The base rate is similar to KVO but can go higher than
5 mL/hr.)
Set the daily amount if programming in percentages.
Enter the information for each phase.
■ Up to 24 phases can be programmed.
■ If programming in percentages, the total amount of all phases programmed must equal 100%.
Enter the optional bolus dose and its lockout time.

Enter the optional KVO.
Enter the container size.
The pump calculates the minimum container size required to deliver all the phases, base rate, and KVO for
a 24-hour period. If delivering the protocol for more than one day, multiply this amount by the number of days
of therapy.
NOTE: Increase container size to accommodate bolus deliveries base rate and KVO.
Review the program.
The pump will automatically alarm until you push the start key.
NOTE: With Variable Time programming, the pump keeps track of where it is in the
program each minute of the entire 24-hour period. For example, if Phase 1 is
missed and the pump is placed in RUN mode in the middle of Phase 2, it starts
delivery according to the program parameters from the middle of Phase 2.

Delivery If the Variable Time delivery is interrupted, it will affect the program. The pump needs to be reprogrammed to deliver
Interruptions any portion of an infusion that was missed.
Changing a Variable The Variable Time program has several parameters that can be changed:
Time Program ■ KVO rate
■ Container size
■ Bolus dose
Parameters that can be changed only before [START] is pressed include:

■ Current time
■ Base rate
■ Phase amount
■ Phase parameters
Parameters that cannot be changed include:

■ Unit of measure
■ Concentration
Complete the steps in the following table to change the Variable Time program.
Changing a Variable Time Program

Press [CHANGE].
Review the program.
Press [START].
TIP: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the

FULL Lock or NEW CONTAINER Lock.

using the Intermittent program. Perform the steps in the following table to record and clear shift totals when using the Clearing Shift Totals
Intermittent program.

OR
reviewed there.

Select NEW CONTAINER (option 1) from the Change Menu. NEW CONTAINER displays for several seconds
and the amount infused clears from the pump’s memory.
the keys pressed:
[STOP].
[CHANGE].
[START].

Variable Time The following is a prescription to provide an example of programming a Variable Time (circadian) therapy.
Programming Scenario ■ FUDR 0.5 mg/mL in normal saline. 420 mL to infuse I.V. continuously in 4 phases every day for seven days.
■ Daily amount is 60 mL.
Phases
Phase 1 68% of daily dose 3:00 p.m. – 9:00 p.m.
Phase 2 15% of daily dose 9:00 p.m. – 3:00 a.m.
Phase 3 2% of daily dose 3:00 a.m. – 9:00 a.m.
Phase 4 15% of daily dose 9:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m.
Variable Time Programming Scenario

Infuse FUDR in 4 phases every day over 7 days
Daily dose: 60 mL
Container size: 420 mL
Schedule:
Phase 1: 3:00 p.m. – 9:00 p.m., 68%
Phase 2: 9:00 p.m. – 3:00 a.m., 15%
Phase 3: 3:00 a.m. – 9:00 a.m., 2%
Phase 4: 9:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m., 15%
Select VARIABLE TIME from the Programming Menu.
Select the phase type (percentages, rates, or doses). [1] for percentages
Select unit of delivery. mL
Accept or change displayed time.
Program a base rate? [NO]
Set daily amount for all phases. 60 mL
Enter the phase information for each phase.
Use keys to toggle between a.m. and p.m.
Phase 1
Start time: Press 3:00 p.m.
Stop time: Press 9:00 p.m.
Percentage: 68%
Phase 2
Start time: Press 9:00 p.m.
Stop time: Press 3:00 a.m.
Percentage: 15%

Phase 3
Start time: Press 3:00 a.m.
Stop time: Press 9:00 a.m.
Percentage: 2%
Phase 4
Start time: Press 9:00 a.m.
Stop time: Press 3:00 p.m.
Percentage: 15%
Enter the optional bolus dose, if ordered. [NO]
Enter the optional KVO, if ordered. 0
Enter the container size. Enter 420 mL.
Select the air-in-line sensitivity. 2
Review the program.
TIP: When placed in RUN mode, the pump begins delivery from the time started. TIP for Variable
Time Programming

Study Questions 1. Pressing the key during programming:

A. Scrolls through multiple display screens.
B. Toggles between a.m. and p.m. when in the CLOCK mode.
E. A and B only.
pump is:
A. KEYPAD Lock
B. LOCKBOX mode
C. PROGRAMMING mode
D FULL Lock
4. Which of the following is TRUE of the Variable Time therapy?

B. There are 24 programmable phases.
C. The default bolus delivery rate is 400 mL/hr.
E. All of the above are true of the Variable Time therapy.
5. In Variable Time therapy, the base rate is similar to KVO, but it can go higher than:
A. 5 mL/hr
B 21 mL/hr
C. 0.5 mL/hr
D. 1.0 mL/hr
6. If programming in percentages, the total amount of all phases programmed must equal
_________.
A. The base rate
B. 100%
C. 99%
D. 10%
E. 50%

7. In Variable Time therapy, the pump calculates the ___________ container size required to
deliver all the phases and the base rate for a 24-hour period.
A. Minimum
B. Maximum
C. Median
D. Mean
8. In Variable Time therapy, if delivering the protocol for more than one day, multiply the
minimum container size by _____________.
A. The number of hours
B. The number of days
C. The number of weeks
D. The number of minutes
9. TRUE/FALSE: In Variable Time programming, the pump keeps track of where it is in the
program each minute of the entire 24-hour period.
10. TRUE/FALSE: The pump needs to be reprogrammed to deliver any portion of an infusion that
was missed in Variable Time therapy.
11. Which of the following are Variable Time therapy parameters that can be changed ONLY
before [START] is pressed?
A. KVO rate
B. Container size
C. Air-in-line sensitivity
D. Phase amount
E. Bolus dose
12. What are two Variable Time therapy parameters that cannot be changed?
_______________
_______________

1. Pressing the key during programming: Study Answers

GemStar pump is:
D. FULL Lock
4. Which of the following is TRUE of the Variable Time therapy?

E. All of the above are true of the Variable Time therapy.
5. In Variable Time therapy, the base rate is similar to KVO, but it can go higher than:
A. 5 mL/hr
6. If programming in percentages, the total amount of all phases programmed must equal
_________.
B. 100%
7. In Variable Time therapy, the pump calculates the ___________ container size required to
deliver all the phases and the base rate for a 24-hour period.
A. Minimum
8. In Variable Time therapy, if delivering the protocol for more than one day, multiply the
minimum container size by _____________.
B. The number of days
9. TRUE/FALSE: In Variable Time programming, the pump keeps track of where it is in the
program each minute of the entire 24-hour period.
TRUE
10. TRUE/FALSE: The pump needs to be reprogrammed to deliver any portion of an infusion that
was missed in Variable Time therapy.
TRUE
11. Which of the following are Variable Time therapy parameters that can be changed ONLY
before [START] is pressed?
D. Phase amount
12. What are two Variable Time therapy parameters that cannot be changed?
Unit of measure
Concentration

Troubleshooting
TROUBLESHOOTING—MODULE J
Alarm Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-2

Other Display Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-8
Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-9
Handling and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-10
Quick Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-13
Study Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-15
Study Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-17
Objectives
When you complete this module, you will:
■ Know how to interpret GemStar alarm messages and take the appropriate action to
correct them;
■ Know how to interpret other display messages and take the appropriate action to
correct them;
■ Know how to contact Abbott Laboratories Customer Support for help;
■ Know how to handle and maintain the GemStar pump;
■ Understand the function of the Operation Test;
■ Be aware of the most frequently asked questions about the GemStar pump; and
■ Understand tips for optimal ease of use of the GemStar pump.
GemStar® Certification Program J-1

Troubleshooting
Alarm Alarm Display Is the Pump

Messages Message Infusing? Alarm
Y = Yes N = No A = Audible Alarm V = Visual Alarm

Table J-1
Alarm Messages AIR IN LINE N A/V
■ Pump automatically enters STOP mode.
Cause/Condition
The specified volume of air has been detected in the line distal
to the cassette while infusing.
Remedy
Press [SILENCE] to quiet the alarm for 1 minute.
Press [STOP] to clear the alarm.
Disconnect the patient from the administration set.
Press and hold [PURGE].
NOTE: Purge rate is 250 mL/hr. The pump purges for up
to 2 minutes each time you press and hold [PURGE].
Purge volume may be limited in a Pain Management
program.
Reconnect the administration set to the patient access pump.
CHANGE BATTERIES N A/V

Cause/Condition
The pump has entered the STOP mode due to battery voltage
below acceptable levels.
Remedy
Make sure batteries are installed correctly.
Replace both disposable batteries with fresh AA disposable batteries
and press [ON/OFF] to restart the pump,
OR
Connect the pump to the AC power adapter. The pump will automatically power up.
After power-on, resume the current program.
J-2 GemStar® Certification Program

Troubleshooting
Alarm Display Is the Pump

Message Infusing? Alarm

CHECK CASSETTE N A/V
Cause/Condition
The cassette is improperly installed or not installed.
Remedy
Press [STOP] to place the pump in the STOP mode.
Reinstall the cassette.
CAUTION: Make sure all four cassette latches are clearly visible after the cassette is installed.
NOTE: The pump cannot be powered off during a CHECK CASSETTE alarm (except during
PROGRAMMING mode).
CALL N A/V
CALL 1-800-XXX-XXXX (the phone number of the appropriate support contact)
Code: NN/MM/NN
Cause/Condition
The pump has detected a condition that may require service.
Remedy
Document the displayed telephone number and code.
Turn off the pump. If the pump does not turn off,
disconnect external power and/or remove the batteries.
Call the telephone number shown on the display message.
DISTAL OCCLUSION N A/V

Cause/Condition
The pump has detected sustained distal pressure over the user-selected limit.
Remedy
Check for sources of distal occlusion:
■ Kinked tubing below pump
■ Clamped patient access device
■ Clogged I.V. filter
■ Other obstructions
If the problem persists, remove and reinstall the cassette.

Troubleshooting
To avoid a bolus infusion after occlusion:

■ Press [STOP].
■ Close the distal clamp.
■ Press the cassette release button to remove the cassette from the pump.
■ Open the flow stop.
■ Wait 10 seconds.
■ Close the flow stop.
■ Load the cassette into the pump.
■ Open the distal clamp.
■ Review the program.

LOW BATTERIES Y A/V

Cause/Condition
The pump has detected battery voltage below acceptable
levels and the batteries are the primary power source.
NOTE: The pump allows the user to clear the LOW BATTERIES
audible and visual alarm. If the condition has not
been corrected after 15 minutes, the audible and
visual alarms resume.
If the pump is infusing and a LOW BATTERIES alarm occurs, the pump
continues for approximately 30 minutes before it can no longer deliver
due to insufficient power.
DISCLAIMER: If an external power source is used, the rate is changed, or the
pump is turned on after a LOW BATTERIES alarm and the same batteries are
still in the pump, this interval may be different.
Remedy
Connect the pump to the AC adapter, the rechargeable battery pack, or
replace both disposable batteries with fresh AA disposable batteries.
TIP: Press [HELP] for additional information during programming and

alarm conditions.

Troubleshooting

PROXIMAL OCCLUSION N A/V

Cause/Condition
The pump has detected sustained negative pressure in the proximal line.
Remedy
Check for sources of proximal occlusion:
■ Kinked tubing above pump
■ High torque syringe
■ Blockage in the container or in the piercing pin
■ Empty container
■ Other obstructions
If the problem persists, clamp the distal line and reinstall the cassette.
If the alarm still persists, turn off the pump, clamp the distal line,
then turn on the pump.
USING BATTERIES Y V
Cause/Condition
This is a normal response when:
■ The pump has been turned on with only batteries as
a power source.
OR
■ The pump has switched to battery power due to a loss
of AC power or a reduction of external power below
acceptable levels.
Remedy
When turning on the pump:
■ Press [YES/ENTER] to confirm battery-only power source.
When switching from the AC adapter:

■ Press [SILENCE] to clear the alarm.

Troubleshooting

ALMOST EMPTY Y A/V

NOTE: This alert is only available with Pain Management protocols.
Cause/Condition
Delivery will complete in 30 minutes or less.
For a Bolus Only program, delivery will complete during the next
bolus delivery.
Remedy
Press [SILENCE] to quiet the alarm for 10 minutes.
CHECK PRINTER N A/V

Cause/Condition
■ The printer has not responded to commands from the pump.
OR
■ The printer is not properly connected to the pump.
Remedy
Ensure the printer is properly connected to the pump
by checking the following:
■ Printer is on and in ONLINE mode.
■ Cable is plugged into both the pump and the printer.
■ Cable part number and printer settings are correct.
If the problem continues, select STOP PRINT from the Print Menu
to cancel all print jobs.
EMPTY CONTAINER N A/V

NOTE: The pump does not infuse unless Auto KVO is delivering
in a mL/hr Only or Weight Dosed program.
Cause/Condition
The pump has delivered the programmed container size or the pump
has delivered the programmed VTBI.
Remedy
Press [CHANGE].
Select NEW CONTAINER to reset and repeat the current program.

Troubleshooting

END OF INFUSION N A/V

Cause/Condition
The pump has delivered the entire programmed protocol and KVO will
continue to deliver if selected.
Remedy
If no KVO is selected:
Press [STOP] to place the pump in the STOP mode and clear the alarm.
If KVO is selected:
The pump sounds 5 beeps approximately 15 minutes apart.
Press [STOP] to place the pump in STOP mode and clear the alarm.
FLASHING DISPLAY N A/V

Cause/Condition
A nonprogrammed call-back has occurred because the pump
has been waiting for more than 3 minutes for a key press on
an input or a confirmation display.
Remedy
Follow the instructions on the display to clear the alarm.
PROGRAMMING INCOMPLETE N A/V

Cause/Condition
Programming has not been completed and no keys have been
pressed for more than 3 minutes.
Remedy
Press any key to clear the alarm.
Complete the program entries.
START N A/V
■ START flashes on the display. Other parts of the display
are not affected.
Cause/Condition
A STOP mode call-back has occurred because the programmed
pump has remained in the STOP mode for more than 3 minutes.
Remedy
Follow the instructions on the display to clear the alarm.

Troubleshooting

POWER LOSS N A/V

Cause/Condition
The pump has detected a power failure due to one of the following:
■ Batteries have been removed while the pump was on battery source.
■ External power has failed or has been disconnected and no batteries
are installed.
■ Pump has been powered on with insufficient power source.
Remedy
Connect the pump to AC mains adaptor, rechargeable battery pack, OR
replace BOTH disposable batteries with fresh AA batteries.
Power-on the pump. Review the program if required.
TIP: Press [HELP] for additional information during programming and

alarm conditions.
The following table describes other display messages you may see while using the GemStar.
Other Display Display Message Cause/Condition Remedy

Messages
KEYPAD LOCKED User has attempted to Unlock the keypad to access the
perform a function that desired function.
has been locked out.
NOT ALLOWED DURING User has attempted to Press [STOP] to access the
INFUSION; PRESS [STOP] perform a function that is not desired function.
TO HALT DELIVERY available in RUN mode. Press [YES/ENTER]
to return to the RUN mode
display.
ROUNDING The pump has rounded a number Press [YES/ENTER] to accept the
that was entered during rounded value and continue to the
programming. next step.
DOSE IN PROGRESS; User has attempted to access the Press [STOP]

NEW CONTAINER NOT ALLOWED NEW CONTAINER function Increase the container size to
when it is not allowed. complete the dose.
Set NEW CONTAINER through
the Change Menu.

Troubleshooting
CANNOT CHANGE CLOCK WHILE User has attempted to change the Press [STOP].
TIME-BASED DELIVERY IS IN clock during a time-based delivery. Clear the program through the
PROGRESS Change Menu.
Change the clock through the
Options Menu.
Reprogram the pump.
PROGRAM EXCEEDS MAX CONTAINER The VTBI + KVO volume resulted in a Press [HELP] to display the
SIZE; CHANGE PROGRAM VALUES container size greater than the allowed values.
allowed value. Change the program
values.
THIS OPTION NOT AVAILABLE WHILE User has attempted to access a Press [YES/ENTER]
PROGRAMMING THE DEVICE function that is not available from to return to the first
the first programming display. programming display.
Complete programming.
Access the desired function.
TIP: Press [HELP] for additional information during programming and alarm conditions.
For consultation and technical support contact either an authorized Abbott Laboratories representative or the Abbott Customer
Customer Support hotline (available 24 hours a day). Support
To return a pump for service, first contact Abbott Customer Support between 7:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. Pacific time.
Have the pump serial number available.
In the USA
Abbott Customer Support 1-800-241-4002
Abbott Laboratories Technical Support Operations

755 Jarvis Drive
Morgan Hill, CA 95037
Outside the USA

Contact your local Abbott Laboratories sales office.

Troubleshooting
Handling and The table below describes some cautions and warnings for handling and maintaining the GemStar.
Maintenance
Handling and Maintenance
If the pump is inadvertently subjected to mishandling, check connections and programmed data to confirm no damage
has occurred. (Refer to the Operation Test section in the Operations Manual.)
ALWAYS fully close the battery door when using disposable batteries.
ALWAYS avoid dropping or hitting the pump. If the pump is dropped or hit, ALWAYS verify programmed data.
Never use sharp objects to program or clean the pump.
Do not damage the silicone seals around the sensor bodies in the cassette pocket.
Never submerge the pump in water or other fluids. If pump becomes wet, dry it with a dry, lint-free cloth and check
connections and programmed data.
Do not use compounds containing combinations of isopropyl alcohol and dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. These
compounds can slowly degrade some of the plastic components.
Do not sterilize by heat, steam, ethylene oxide (ETO), or radiation. Apply disinfectants only to the outside surface of
the pump. Do not use abrasive cleaners or materials on the pump. Using abrasive cleaners or cleaning solutions not
recommended by Abbott Laboratories Inc. may result in product damage.
Use only the AC adapter or battery pack charger specifically labeled for use with the Abbott GemStar pump to charge the
battery pack. Do not use the battery pack charger with other battery packs.
The Abbott GemStar AC adapter is for use with the GemStar pump or Abbott GemStar battery pack. Do not use the
Abbott GemStar AC adapter with other products.
During charging, the battery pack becomes warm. If battery pack becomes hot to the touch, IMMEDIATELY unplug AC
adapter and contact Abbott Technical Support at 1-800-241-4002.
Please comply with local disposal and recycling regulations as appropriate for disposable batteries, rechargeable battery
packs, medical electronic components, and pump sets.

Troubleshooting
The GemStar pump must be stored in a cool, dry place. Program and event history are protected in the software memory Storage
for at least one year when power is removed from the pump. The disposable batteries and the battery pack should be
removed before storing the pump.
Only recommended cleaning solutions should be used to clean the pump. Cleaning solutions will vary in their disinfecting Cleaning Solutions
properties. Therefore product labeling should be reviewed before use. The following cleaning solutions will not adversely
affect the pump:
■ Super Edisonite
®
■ Vesphene II se
®
■ Manu-Klenz
®
■ Formula C™
■ Household bleach diluted 1:10 in H2O only
The manufacturers’ recommendations should be followed when using the cleaning solutions.
Sharp objects (e.g., pens, pencils, needles, etc.) should never be used to clean the pump.
Establish a routine schedule for cleaning the pump to ensure the case exterior, cassette pocket, and tubing channel are free Cleaning Process
of contamination.
Perform the steps in the following table to clean the pump case.
Cleaning the Pump Case

Turn off the pump.
Disconnect the pump from AC power.
Clean exposed surfaces of the pump with a soft, lint-free cloth dampened with the
appropriate cleaning solution.
Wipe the solution from the pump surface with a water-moistened, lint-free cloth.
Use a dry, lint-free cloth to dry the pump after cleaning.

Troubleshooting
Complete the steps in the following table to clean the cassette pocket and tubing channel.
Cleaning the Cassette Cleaning the Cassette Pocket and Tubing Channel
Pocket and Tubing Remove the cassette, if installed.
Channel
Use a cotton swab moistened with an approved cleaning solution to clean the sensor faces, tubing channel, plunger
tip, and sensor pins.
Dry the sensor faces and tubing channel and ensure that the sensor faces are free of detergent film and/or debris.
Sensor Faces The area containing the ultrasonic sensors, located in the cassette pocket, should be cleaned on a regular basis.
CAUTION: Use care not to damage the silicone seals around the sensor bodies.
Operation Test The Operation Test ensures that the GemStar pump is operating properly. The Operation Test:
■ Is recommended every 12 months.
■ Requires approximately 15 minutes to complete.
■ Includes a number of operations to be performed.
The pump can be configured to indicate when the next Operation Test is scheduled.
NOTE: The Operation Test is discussed in detail in the GemStar Operations Manual. Refer to that
document when performing the Operation Test.

Troubleshooting
Quick Tips Quick Tips
The GemStar System
TIP: False occlusion alarms and fluid delivery inconsistencies may occur when pumping viscous fluids in microbore tubing
at rates greater than 500 mL/hr.
TIP: Each item that can be activated is numbered within the function menu display. The items are selected by pressing the
corresponding number on the keypad.
TIP: A menu item does not have to be on display to be selected. When the Options Menu is first accessed, only the first 4
items are displayed. Item numbers 5 through 8 can be selected by pressing the corresponding number, with or without
scrolling through the display.
TIP: The menu selections may vary depending on the configuration of the pump. Some Options Menu functions are not
available in all modes.
TIP: Use the [BACK-UP] key to exit the Options, Help ,and Histories Menus. The display returns to the mode the pump
was in when the Options Menu was accessed.
TIP: Press and hold the or key to scroll quickly through the History displays faster.
TIP: When the pump is locked, a small lock symbol appears in the lower left corner of the display. The first letter of the
lock level appears in the lower right corner.
TIP: To check the current time from the RUN or STOP modes, press [YES/ENTER], then immediately press and hold [1].
The clock displays until [1] is released.

Troubleshooting
Quick Tips (cont.)
Programming the GemStar
TIP: When titrating the rate in mL/hr Only, Weight Dosed, and Continuous therapies, after pressing a numeric key or the
decimal key, press [YES/ENTER] within approximately five seconds. If a key is not pressed within five seconds, the rate
does not change and the delivery continues as originally programmed.
TIP: The piggyback rate and piggyback VTBI display until the secondary container has been delivered. The primary
delivery resumes automatically.
TIP: When using a secondary container of 500 mL or greater, ensure the bottom of the secondary container is at least
7 inches above the fluid level in the primary container. Use additional extension hooks if necessary.
TIP: When the piggyback VTBI is changed, the pump begins a new VTBI countdown. Thus, the amount that has already
been delivered must be known.
TIP: The program cannot be changed when the pump is in the FULL Lock or CONTAINER Lock.
TIP: Abbott recommends the use of an air-eliminating filter if the air alarm is turned off.
TIP: Press [HELP] for additional information during programming and alarm conditions. Press [HELP] at any other time to
obtain and clear shift information.

Troubleshooting
1. MATCHING: Match the following ALARM MESSAGES with their Cause/Condition: Study Questions
Alarm Message Cause/Condition
A. AIR IN LINE _____ Programming has not been completed and no keys have been pressed
B. DISTAL OCCLUSION for 3 minutes.
C. CHANGE BATTERIES _____ The pump has detected a condition that may require service.
D. LOW BATTERIES _____ The pump has detected sustained distal pressure over the user-selected
E. EMPTY CONTAINER limit.
F. CHECK CASSETTE _____ The specified volume of air has been detected in the line distal to the
cassette while infusing.
G. CHECK PRINTER
_____ The cassette is improperly installed or not installed.
H. CALL 1-800-XXX-XXXX
_____ The pump has entered STOP mode due to battery voltage below
I. PROGRAMMING INCOMPLETE
acceptable levels.
J. START
_____ The pump has detected battery voltage below acceptable levels and
the batteries are the primary power source.
_____ The pump has delivered the programmed container size or the
programmed VTBI and auto KVO is delivering.
_____ The printer has not responded to commands from the pump or is not
properly connected to the pump.
_____ A STOP mode call-back has occurred because the pump has remained in
the STOP mode for more than 3 minutes.
2. What is the first step to remedy an EMPTY CONTAINER alarm?

A. Press [STOP], [CHANGE], [1], [START].
B. Turn off the pump.
C. Press [SILENCE] to quiet the alarm for 2 minutes.
D. Press [START], [CHANGE], [STOP], [1].
E. Change the batteries.
3. Which of the following are false statements?

A. Compounds containing combinations of isopropyl alcohol and dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride cannot be used
with caution to clean the GemStar.
B. Always avoid dropping or hitting the GemStar pump.
C. Never use sharp objects to program or clean the GemStar.
D. During charging, the battery pack will become hot to the touch. This is normal.
E. Do not sterilize by heat, steam, ethylene oxide (ETO), or radiation.
F. The GemStar should be stored in a warm, dry place.
G. The first step in cleaning the cassette pocket and channel is to remove the cassette, if installed.
H. The GemStar pump can be configured to indicate when the next Operation Test should be performed.
I. The ultrasonic sensors, located in the cassette pocket, should be cleaned once a year, only by a specialist.

Troubleshooting
1. MATCHING: Match the following ALARM MESSAGES with their Cause/Condition: Study Answers
Alarm Message Cause/Condition
A. AIR IN LINE I Programming has not been completed and no keys have been pressed
B. DISTAL OCCLUSION for 3 minutes.
C. CHANGE BATTERIES H The pump has detected a condition that requires Customer Support
D. LOW BATTERIES be contacted.
E. EMPTY CONTAINER B The pump has detected sustained distal pressure over the user-selected
limit.
F. CHECK CASSETTE
A The specified volume of air has been detected in the line distal to the
G. CHECK PRINTER
cassette while infusing.
H. CALL 1-800-XXX-XXXX
F The cassette is improperly installed or not installed.
I. PROGRAMMING INCOMPLETE
C The pump has entered STOP mode due to battery voltage below
J. START acceptable levels.
D The pump has detected battery voltage below acceptable levels and
the batteries are the primary power source.
E The pump has delivered the programmed container size or the
programmed VTBI and auto KVO is delivering.
G The printer has not responded to commands from the pump or is not
properly connected to the pump.
J A STOP mode call-back has occurred because the programmed pump
has remained in the STOP mode for more than 3 minutes.
2. What is the first step to remedy an EMPTY CONTAINER alarm?

C. Press [SILENCE] to quiet the alarm for 2 minutes.
3. Which of the following are false statements?

D. During charging, the battery pack will become hot to the touch. This is normal.
F. The GemStar should be stored in a warm, dry place.
I. The ultrasonic sensors, located in the cassette pocket, should be cleaned once a year, only by a specialist.

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The GemStar System

The health information contained herein

THE GEMSTAR SYSTEM

The GemStar Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2

GemStar® Certification Program A-1

The following diagram shows the GemStar face layout:

A-2 GemStar® Certification Program

GemStar Face Controls

[SILENCE] key ■ Temporarily silences the alarm.

[STOP] key Stops infusion.

[ON/OFF] key Turns the pump on or off.

[BACK-UP] key ■ Provides access to previous screens during programming.

[NO] key Responds “NO” to display questions.

[PURGE] key ■Clears an air-in-line alarm.

GemStar® Certification Program A-3

TOP BOTTOM SIDE

A-4 GemStar® Certification Program

Optional System Components

13072-01 AC Wall (Mains) Tabletop adapter plugs into a 90 – 260 VAC

13073-01 Rechargeable The rechargeable nickel metal hydride battery

GemStar® Certification Program A-5

Optional System Optional System Components

13077-01 GemStar 30 mL Locks the GemStar pump and a 30 mL

40017-01 Seiko DPU-414 Allows printout of GemStar event history.

A-6 GemStar® Certification Program

Optional System Components

13079-01 500 mL Abbott Soft-sided carrying case worn around the

13980-01 1000 mL Abbott Soft-sided carrying case worn around the

13022-01 Triple GemStar Pump Attaches three Abbott GemStar Pumps to

13048-01 Gem Connect

GemStar® Certification Program A-7

A-8 GemStar® Certification Program

GemStar General Infusion Administration Sets

GemStar® Certification Program A-9

Selecting a The GemStar pump may be powered by:

Connecting the Abbott GemStar AC Mains Adaptor

A-10 GemStar® Certification Program

Installing Disposable Batteries

CAUTION: When using batteries to power the pump:

■ Both batteries should always be replaced

■ Use of rechargeable batteries in the battery

GemStar® Certification Program A-11

Connecting the Connecting the Battery Pack

Disconnecting the Disconnecting the Battery Pack

Press the release button on the battery pack.

When the pump is connected to the battery

Recharging the Recharging the Battery Pack

Connecting the Pump to the Docking Station

Disconnecting the Pump from the Docking Station

Press the release button on the top of the docking station.

GemStar® Certification Program A-13

Invert the cassette approximately 45°.

Push down on the flow stop to close the cassette.

Load the cassette.

A-14 GemStar® Certification Program

Connect the pump set to the patient-access device.

GemStar® Certification Program A-15

Load the cassette.

Program desired therapy.

The pump displays PRIME THE SET? Press [YES/ENTER].

Connect the pump set to the patient-access device.

A-16 GemStar® Certification Program

Priming Pump Sets With a Drip Chamber