CHAPTER-4

OUTDOOR TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS

(UPTO & INCLUDING 100 KVA)

Distribution Transformers upto 100 kVA

1. Outdoor Type Three-Phase 11 kV/433-250 V Distribution Transformers upto and including 100 kVA.

1.1 Scope:

This section covers oil-immersed, naturally cooled, three-phase, 50 Hz, double-wound, outdoor type distribution
transformers of capacities 25, 50, 63 and 100 kVA for use on systems with nominal voltages of 11 kV. Unless
otherwise modified in this specification, the distribution transformers shall comply with the latest versions of Indian
Standard Specifications IS : 1180(Part I) and IS: 2026.

1.2 Standard Ratings

The standard ratings shall be 25, 50, 63 and 100 kVA.

2.0 STANDARDS:

2.1 The materials shall conform in all respect to the relevant Indian / International Standard Specification, with latest
amendments thereof, some of them are listed below:

Indian Standard Title International &

Internationally recognized
standard
ISS-2026/1977 Specification for Power IEC 76
Transformer
ISS-1180 Outdoor distribution
Transformer upto and
Including 100 KVA
ISS-335/1983 Specification for Oil BS148
REC Specification ASTM D-1275
39/1993 D-1473, D-1533-1934
IEC Pub 296-1969
ISS-2099-1973 Specification for High voltage
Porcelain Bushings
ISS-7421/1976 Specification for Low voltage
bushings
ISS-3347 Specification for Outdoor Bushings DIN 42531 to 33
ISS-12444 Specification for Cu Wire rods ASTM B – 49
ISS-5484 Specification for Al Wire rods ASTM B – 233
ISS-5/1961 No. 632 Specification for Colors for ready
mixed paints
ISS-6600/1972 Guide for loading of oil immersed
Transformers

Material conforming to other internationally accepted standards, which ensure equal or higher quality than the
standards mentioned above would also be acceptable. In case the Bidders who wish to offer material conforming to the
other standards, salient points of difference between the standards adopted and the specific standards shall be clearly
brought out in relevant schedule. Four copies of such standards with authentic English Translations shall be furnished
alongwith the offer.

3.0 SERVICE CONDITIONS

The distribution transformers to be supplied against this Specification shall be suitable for satisfactory continuous
operation under the following climatic conditions as per IS:2026 (Part – I) Latest Revision

i. Location: At various locations in the country

ii. Max ambient air :50

temperature (Deg. C)

iii. Min ambient air :-5

temperature (Deg. C)

iv. Max average daily ambient :40

air temperature (deg. C)

v. Max. Yearly weighed average :32

ambient temperature (Deg. C)

vi. Max. Altitude above mean :1000

sea level (Meters)

4.0 PRINCIPAL PARAMETERS

Sl. No. Item Specification

Continuous rated 25 kVA 50 kVA 63 kVA 100 kVA

capacity
 System voltage (max.) 12 kV 12 kV 12 kV 12 kV

Rated voltage HV 11 kV 11 kV 11 kV 11 kV

Rated voltage LV 433-250 V 433-250 V 433-250 V 433-250 V

Line current HV 1.31 A 2.62 3.306 A 5.25 A

Line current LV 33.33 A 66.60 84.0 A 133.0 A

Frequency 50 c/s 50 c/s 50 c/s 50 c/s

No. of phases Three Three Three Three

Connection HV Delta Delta Delta Delta

Connection LV Star (Neutral Star (Neutral Star (Neutral Star (Neutral

brought out) brought out) brought out) brought out)

5.0 No-Load Voltage Ratios

The no-load voltage ratios shall be as follows:

a. 11000/433-250 V for 25, 50, 63 and 100 kVA.

b. 10450/433-250 V for 100 kVA only, whenever specified.

6.0 Taps

No taps are to be provided in these transformers.

7.0 Winding Connections and Vectors

7.1 The primary winding shall be connected in delta and the secondary winding in star (vector symbols Dy 11), so
as to produce a positive displacement of 30 degree from the primary to the secondary vector of the same phase.
The neutral of the secondary winding shall be brought out to a separate insulated terminal.

8.0 OIL

The insulating oil shall comply with the requirements of relevant standards IS:335 / 1993 or BS:148 or REC
39/1993. Oil shall be filled under vacuum.

9.0 Fittings

The following standard fittings shall be provided.

a. Two earthing terminals.

b. Oil level gauge indicating three positions of oil, marked as follows:

Minimum (-5 degree C)

 30 degree C
Maximum (98 degree C)

c. Lifting lugs
d. Rating and terminal marking plate(s)
e. Silica gel or any other type of breather, as required by the purchaser.
f. Drain-cum-sampling valve (steel) of the type welded to the tank. The special tool for operating this valve
shall be supplied with the transformer.
g. Thermometer pocket for 63 and 100 kVA units.
h. Filling hole having P 1-1/4 thread (with cover) on the transformer body/conservator.
i. Bimetallic terminal connector on the HV/LV bushings .

10.0 Conservators

10.1 On transformers of 63, and 100 kVA, the provision of conservator is obligatory and for 25 and 50 kVA
transformers, the manufacturers may adopt their standard practices.

10.2 When a conservator is fitted, the oil gauge and the plain breathing device shall be fixed to the conservator
which shall also be provided with a drain plug and a filling hole with a cover. In addition the cover of the main tank
shall be provided with an air release plug to enable trapped air to be released unless the conservator is so located
as to eliminate the possibility of air being trapped in the main tank.

10.3 The inside diameter of the pipe connecting the conservator to the main tank shall be within 20 to 50 mm and it
should project into the conservator in such a way that its end is approximately 20 mm above the bottom of the
conservator, so as to create a sump for collection of impurities. The minimum oil level (corresponding to – 5 degree
C) should be above the sump level.

11.0 Surface preparation and painting of tank

11.1 Steel surface shall be prepared by sand/shot blast or chemical clearing including phosphating as per IS:3618.

11.2 Heat resistance paint (Hot oil proof) shall be provided inside the tank.

11.3 On external surface one coat of Thermo setting powder paint or two coats of zinc chromate followed by two
coats of synthetic enamel paint of dark admiral gray shade conforming to No. 632 of IS:-5 of 1961 shall be
provided.

12.0 Rating and Terminal Marking (Plate(s)

Each transformer shall be provided with non-detachable rating and terminal marking plate(s) of weather proof
material, fitted in a visible position and showing the complete information as given under clause 17 of IS: 1180
(Part I) – 1981.

13.0 Limits of Temperature Rise

13.1 The temperature rise shall not exceed the limits of 55 degree C (measured by resistance) for transformer
windings and 45 degree C (measured by thermometer) in top oil when tested in accordance with IS : 2026.

14. Loss Values

14.1 The no load and load losses shall not exceed the values given in the following table.
kVA
No load losses (fixed Loss)(watts) Load losses at 75 degree C(Watts)

25 100 685
50 150 1020
63 180 1235
100 260 1760

These losses are maximum allowable and there would not be any plus tolerance.

However, the manufacturer can offer losses less than above. The offer will be evaluated as per the loss evaluation
formula given in REC, K-5 Standard – 1997 as amended upto date. Loss capitalization factor for 2001-2002 may to
taken as follow:

1. Iron loss Rs.2, 17, 515/kW

2. Copper loss Rs.28, 772/kW

15.0 Impedance: The recommended percentage impedance at 75 degree C is 4.5% subject to a tolerance as per
IS : 2026.

16.0 Winding conductor material : Double paper covered insulated electrolytic aluminum/super enamel copper
conductor

17.0 Overfluxing

The transformer shall be suitable for overfluxing (due to combined effect of voltage and frequency) up to 12.5
percent on any tapping without injurious heating at full load conditions.

The maximum flux density in any part of the core under such condition shall not exceed 1.9 Tesla. The supplier
shall furnish necessary design data in support of this stipulation.

18.0 Core Material : CRGO or Amorphous Metal

19.0 Tests and Inspection

19.1 Routine Tests: All transformers shall be subjected to routine tests at the manufacturer’s works in accordance
with IS : 2026 and IS : 1180 (Part I).

The following tests are to be carried out:

a. Measurement of winding resistance

b. Measurement of voltage ratio and check of voltage vector relationship
c. Measurement of impedance voltage/short circuit impedance and load-loss
d. Measurement of no-load loss and current
 e. Measurement of insulation resistance
f. Induced over-voltage withstand test
g. Separate-source voltage withstand test.

19.2 Type Tests: In addition to the routine tests, the following type tests may be made as per details in IS 2026.

a. Lightning impulse-test.
b. Temperature rise test.
c. Short-circuit test
d. Air pressure test
e. Unbalanced current test: the value of unbalance current shall not be more than 2% of the full load current.

Note: Purchaser reserves the right to get all or any type test carried out on one sample per 100 unit of transformer
at the cost of supplier from any recognized laboratory / government test house.

19.3 The supplier shall furnish calculations in accordance with IS : 2026 to demonstrate the thermal ability of the
transformers to withstand short-circuit.

20.0 Inspection

20.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacturer unless otherwise especially agreed upon
by the manufacturer and purchaser at the time of purchase. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector
representing the purchaser all reasonable facilities, without charge to satisfy him that the material is being
furnished in accordance with this specification.

20.2 The purchaser has the right to have the tests carried out at his own cost by an independent agency whenever
there is dispute regarding the quality of supply.

21.0 Test Voltage

21.1 Transformer shall be capable of withstanding the power frequency and impulse teat voltage prescribed
below:

Nominal syatem Voltage highest test volatge impulse test voltage power frequency

11kv rms 12kv rms 75 kv peak 28kv rms

 CHAPTER-6

OUTDOOR TYPE COMPLETELY SELF-PROTECTED DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS

(UPTO & INCLUDING 100KVA)

Completely Self – Protected Distribution Transformers

1.0 Outdoor type Three phase 11 kV / 433-250 V Completely Self Protected distribution transformers upto
and including 100 kVA.

1.1 Scope:

This section covers oil – immersed, naturally cooled three – phase, 50 Hz, double-wound, outdoor type completely
self-protected (CSP) distribution transformers of capacities 25, 50, 63, and 100 kVA for use on systems with
nominal voltages of 11 kV. Unless otherwise modified in this specification, the CSP distribution transformers shall
comply with the latest versions of Indian Standard Specifications IS:1180 (Part I and Part II) and IS: 2026. The
transformers shall be equipped with circuit breakers on LT side, 11 kV fuses and 11 kV lightning Arrestors on HV
side as integral parts of the equipment.

1.2 Standard Ratings

The standard ratings of CSP Transformers shall be 25, 50, 63, and 100 kVA.

2.0 STANDARDS:

2.1 The materials shall conform in all respect to the relevant India / International Standard Specification, with latest
amendments thereof, some them are listed below:

Indian Standard Title International &

Internationally
recognized standard

Specification for
ISS-2026/1977 IEC 76
Power
Transformer
ISS-1180 Outdoor distribution
Transformer upto and
Including 100 KVA
ISS-335/1983 Specification for Oil BS148
REC Specification ASTM D-1275
39/1993 D-1473, D-1533-1934
IEC Pub 296-1969
ISS-2099-1973 Specification for High voltage
Porcelain Bushings
ISS-7421/1976 Specification for Low voltage
bushings