BOUNDARY EXTRACTION

β(A) = A - (A B)
REGION FILLING

X B

P
 6 5
6 5 4
4 3
3 2
2 1
1
1 0
1 0
3 2 1 2
1

X0 = P ; Consider a pixel point “ P ”. k = 0,1,2,3,4…

XK =( XK-1 ++B ) ꓵAc ; Repeating the procedure until
XK = XK-1. Here in the above example X7 = X6

The inside coloured cell are the newly filled cells inside the object region
(Hallow Region)
Connected Component Extraction

XK = ( XK-1 + B ) ꓵA ; k= 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 …. Till X6 = X7

*
0

5 6 6
4 5 5
3 4 5
2 3 4 5
1 0 1 2
2 1
2
Convexhull
 @

C 1 2
E D B a 1 3
D C A 1 3 4
C B 2 3
B A a 1
A

X X
o X
X X

a X o X a

X X X

X X
A,B,C,D,E X o
X X

X X X
X o X
 @

Thinning

x x x
x x
x x x

x x x

x x
x x x

B  {B1 , B2 , B3 , B4 ,....B8}

Bi  Bi 1

A  B  A  HM ( A, B)
 A  B  A  ( HM ( A, B)) C

A {B}  {....(( A  B1 )  B2 )  B3 )...B8}

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

7 3
6 6 6 6 3
5 5 4 5

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A A A A A
7 3
6 6 6 6 3
 5 5 4 5

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A A A A A
7 3
6 6 6 6 3
5 5 4 5

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A A A A A
7 3
B 6 6 6 6 3
5 5 4 5
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M
M A A A A A M
7 M 3
M B 6 6 6 6 3
5 5 4 5 M

Thickening

AB  A  HM ( A, B)

B  {B1 , B2 , B3 , B4 ,....B8}

A{B}  {....{{ A( B1 )}B2 }B3 ....}B8 }

Complement _ of _ A  AC
Thinnng _ operation _ of _ Ac with _ B _ is _ C  AC  {B}
Complement _ of _ C _ is _ Thickening _ of _ AandB _ AB  C C