1989 EDITION

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SHIPS

OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY
DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY
NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND
5
SECTION 528
PLUMBING DRAINS, PLUMBING VENTS, AND DECK DRAINS

10
528a. General
Systems shall be installed:
To prevent accumulation of water on weather and hangar decks, decks of
15 sanitary and foodservice spaces, and decks in other spaces where water may
accumulate because of the nat.u re of the space and normal operation of
equipment therein.
To dispose of waste water and sewage.
20 For spaces sufficiently high above the waterline to obtain the minimum
required pitch plus a minimum vertical fall of 36 inches above the gag scupper
valve, gravity drainage shall be installed. Where gravity drainage is not
practicable, a holding tank and pumping systems, as described herein, shall be
installed, unless otherwise specified.
25 Drains and vents from compartments required to be periodically air tested
shall have permanent means for sealing them tight.
Gag scupper valves classified "W" in drain lines from medical spaces shall
have remote mechanical control from the damage control deck. Other gag
scupper valves and valves required for damage control which are located in
30 inaccessible or locked spaces shall have mechanical remote control from a
space accessible while setting the material condition corresponding to the
classification of the valve.

35 528b. Gravity drainage

Plumbing drains.- Systems shall carry discharge from plumbing fixtures and
space deck drains to overboard connections and to sewage holding tanks.
Waste drains from the following equipment shall discharge through an air
gap to the waste drain system:
40
Refrigerators, hot food tables, and other receptacles where food is
stored; appliances, devices, and apparatus used in preparation or
processing of food or drink; appliances, devices, and apparatus using
freshwater as a cooling or heating medium; and sterilizers, medical water
45 stills, water treatment devices, freshwater operated devices, and medical
space water storage tanks.
The air gap shall be at least twice the diameter of the drain served,
but not less than 2 inches . Where a receiving funnel is installed, the gap
shall be measured from the top of the funnel to the open end of the pipe.
so
In the design of the capacity or size of piping, the quantity of drainage
may be expressed in terms of fixture unit values. Fixture unit values and trap
sizes are as follows:
55
Trap size
Fixture (inches
unit nps,
Fixture values minimum)
60
Lavatory 1 1-1/4
Shower 3 2
Sink (pantry) 3 1-1/2
Sink (galley 2 1-1/2
65 or scullery)

1 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION

Trap size
Fixture (inches
unit nps,
5 Fixture values minimum)
Sink (service) 8 3
Sitz bath 3 2
Urinal 4 1-1/2
10 Water closet 10 3

For fixtures not listed, the following table may be used:

15
Fixture drain or trap Fixture unit
size (inches nps) values
1-1/4 1
20 1-1/2 3
2 4
2-1/2 6
3 10
25
Using these fixture unit values, the required diameter of drains shall be
determined from the following table (except that no drain shall be smaller
than the largest trap it serves):
30
Diameter of drain Number of
(inches nps) fixture units
1-1/4 1
35 1-1/2 4
2 20
2-1/2 30
3 (note 1) 60
3 (note 2) 45
40 3-1/2 140
4 280
5 620
6 1000
45 NOTES:
1. No water closets
2. Not more than two water closets

50 All drain piping shall be led overboard and to the sewage holding tanks
utilizing the least amount of piping practicable. The piping shall be pitched
at least 1/2 in/ft, except that drains from garbage grinders in sculleries,
shall be installed with a minimum slope of 3 in/ft.
· Sizes of traps and tailpipes on fixtures shall comply with applicable
55 fixture specifications regardless of the size of the drain line selected from
the above table. Gravity drains shall be a minimum of 1-1/4 inches nps. No
water closet drain shall be smaller than 3 inches nps and no 3-inch drain
shall serve more than two water closets. Soil and waste stacks shall be as
large or larger than the largest horizontal branch connected thereto. Drains
60 from vegetable peeling machines shall be at least 3 inches nps, but not
smaller than the connection on the machine.
Batteries of water closets shall be mounted on a common drain header
installed above the deck to necessitate only one deck penetration.
Gravity drainage shall be provided for garbage disposer and classified
65 document destructor specified in Sect. 593. Each disposer and destructor

2 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION
shall be provided with a trap. Under-sink garbage disposers not fitted with
flushing connection shall be drained via the food service drains. Garbage
disposers shall be led via a 3-port, 2-way, full port ball or plug valve
directly overboard and to a sewage holding tank. Destructor drains shall be
5 led directly overboard. A full port ball or plug valve operable from the
scullery shall be installed in the garbage grinder drain line adjacent to the
shell plating. .
Surface ships.- Piping shall be in general accordance with drawings,
NAVSHIPS Nos. 804-1385920, 804-1385921, 804-1385922, and 804-1385923. Plumbing
10 drains may penetrate watertight transverse bulkheads, provided a full port
ball or plug valve, operable from the valve and from the damage control deck
is installed at each bulkhead penetration.
Penetration of ballistic plating by drains or scuppers shall be kept to a
minimum. Consideration shall be given to the installation of raised shower
15 floors and other special arrangements to avoid penetration of ballistic decks
in the development of gravity drainage for plumbing drain systems.
- Piping leads shall be short and direct. Long transverse runs originating
near the center of the ship shall drain to scuppers on both sides as well as
to the sewage holding tanks. See Sect. 593.
20 Y-fittings shall be used to join horizontal branches to transverse drains
and vertical stacks. A horizontal branch shall not connect to a vertical
stack within 2 feet above or below any offset in the stack unless the stack
has a relief vent.
Drainage piping shall be run close to bulkheads to allow maximum pitch.
25 The discharge of drains into bilges is prohibited.
Gravity drainage shall be provided for all piping tunnels.
Drain piping from gutters and drain boxes installed in uptakes and stacks
shall be led overboard via deck drains with non-valved piping to hull closure
valve. The deck.drains shall be located in the deck containing the intakes for
30 the forced draft blowers. Such drains shall discharge overboard approximately
12 inches above the full load waterline. These deck drains shall be
considered as weather deck drains and shall not connect to other piping
systems.
Horizontal runs of soil, waste, and weather deck drain piping shall be
35 avoided in foodservice, messing, food handling, and medical spaces. Where
such horizontal runs cannot be avoided, no takedown joints shall be located in
these horizontal runs.
Soil drains serving water closets, urinals, and other fixtures carrying
human waste shall be combined. Waste drains from lavatories, sinks, showers,
40 and similar freshwater using fixtures shall be combined. Combined soil or
waste drains from medical, foodservice, and living spaces shall not be
cross-connected except in close proximity to the common gravity overboard
discharge, or where gravity overboard discharge is not possible, in close
proximity to a receiving tank. At the overboard discharge, combined soil and
45 waste drains shall be connected to a single combined soil drain main and a
single combined waste water drain main. A swing-check valve shall be provided
at each drain connection to the combined soil drain main and combined waste
water drain main. A three-way, two-port, full port ball or plug valve shall
be installed in each combined drain main, to permit diversion of drainage
so overboard via a common overboard discharge and to a sewage holding tank. The
common overboard discharge line shall be provided with a gagged scupper valve .
The combined soil drain main shall discharge to a sewage holding tank, see
Sect. 593.
The number of gravity overboard discharges shall be held to a minimum,
55 consistent with the requirements stated herein. Drains shall . be clearly marked
as to service (for example "soil drain", "garbage grinder drain"), as
applicable, at least once in each space through which pipes pass.
Where drainage piping serves plumbing fixtures or deck drains, or both,
located in a watertight compartment with drain openings below FWL-I, the
60 watertight integri~y of the compartment shall be maintained by the
installation of full port ball or plug valves in the drain piping or through
the use of deck drain valves. The valves shall be located close to the
watertight boundary and shall be operable from within the compartment served.
Gravity drainage shall be installed in dock type ships.

3 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION
An eductor or pump shall be installed in a bypass to permit power drainage
while the scuppers are submerged during ballasted operations ..
Submarines.- The snorkel induction mast shall have an independent drain
line to a sanitary tank arranged for pumping. Valve and pocket drains for the
5 ventilation exhaust shall be piped to bilges or to a bilge collecting tank and
shall have hull and backup valves at hull penetrations. Drains shall be
installed for escape trunk hatch coamings, access hatch coaming, and
equipment. These drains may be led to bilges or to a properly trapped fixture
drain leading to a waste drain sanitary tank, _
10 Soil drains from fixtures in living spaces shall drain to soil drain
sanitary tank. Waste drains from living and messing spaces shall drain to the
waste drain sanitary tank. Drains from fixtures in the after sanitary
facility shall drain to the after sanitary tank. Cutout valves shall be
installed in the plumbing drains at both sides of all watertight bulkheads. A
15 basket type strainer shall be installed in the laundry drain. In way of the
battery compartment, drains which normally discharge to bilges shall be led to
a bilge collecting tank or to a waste drain sanitary tank.
All soil drains shall have readily accessible sanitary tank cutout valves.
Each soil drain sanitary tank shall have an overboard discharge line in which
20 a hull valve, a check valve, and a backup valve are installed.
Space deck drains.- Drains shall comply with drawing, NAVSHIPS No.
810-1385789, types A, B, C, D, G, and H, and the piping shall be considered as
waste drainage. Deck drains in oxygen-nitrogen producer rooms shall be type B.
Deck drains in aircraft and helicopter fueling stations and hangars shall be
25 type C. The steel sleeve at deck drains installed in spaces that are to be
covered, shall be coated in accordance with Sect. 631, prior to the
application of deck covering.
The number and location of deck drains shall be based on the size of the
space, its location, obstructions to drainage, and whether the surface is
30 flat, cambered, or sloped to drain to the center, side, forward, or aft. Deck
drains shall be located to free the deck area of water under ordinary
conditions of list to either side and through the possible range of trim under
service conditions that are outlined in the Accepted Weight Estimate. In the
development of ship construction drawings, a study of drainage requirements
35 for each space shall be made to insure that the number and locations of drains
will drain the space adequately. In some cases it may be necessary to install
a deck drain in each corner of a space.
Electronics and communication spaces, having false decks and piping
containing liquids, shall be provided with at least one 2-inch deck drain for
40 every 200 square feet of deck area or fraction thereof.
Spaces requiring deck drains and the size of the deck drain shall be
determined from the following table:

45 Space drained Minimum size

(note 1) of deck drain
(inches nps)
Flag galley 2
so Captain's galley 2
Wardroom galley 2
Chief petty officer galley 2
Crew galley 2
Pantry (note 1) 2
55 Crew messroom 2
Scullery 2
Butcher shop 2
Vegetable preparation room 2
Garbage disposal room 2
60 Ice cream making room 2
Washroom, water closet, 2
and shower rooms
Ladies retiring room (note 2) 1-1/2
Medical scrub room 1-1/2

4 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION

Space drained Minimum size

(note 1) of deck drain
(inches nps)
5
Physiotherapy room 1-1/2
Physiotherapy bathroom 1-1/2
Operating room 2
Crew shelter 1-1/2
10 Trash disposal room 2
Machine and metalsmith shop 2
Laundry 2
Decontamination showers Note 3
Cleaning gear locker 2
15 (built-in)
Deck gear locker (built-in) 2
Foul weather gear 2
locker (built-in)
20
NOTES:
1. Generally, small pantries, small shops, and similar spaces with a deck
area of less than approximately 60 square feet shall not have deck drains.
2 . At least one deck drain shall be installed in each space containing a
25 shower or flush valve.
3 . Drainage shall be provided as shown on drawing, NAVSEA No. 804-5959203.
In addition to the above spaces, drains shall be installed in all spaces in
which water may accumulate and which are not served by the main or secondary
30 drainage system. Included are spaces such as:
Anchor handling room and similar line handling spaces.
Catapult bridle arrester machinery space.
Catapult launching valve compartment.
35 Each catapult trough. Drains shall have sumps and strainers and shall
be sized and located to prevent water accumulation.
Each enclosed gasoline replenishment and gasoline service s tation.
Electronic cooling equipment rooms.
Elevator pit subject to accumulation of sprinkling water, rain, or fuels
40 due to flow of these liquids into the pit from the uppermost hatch.
Fan rooms.
Helicopter hangar .
Oxygen-nitrogen plant compressor room .
Oxygen-nitrogen producer room.
45 Space or passage adjacent to weather doors.
Troughs for strikedown weapons handling ballistic hatches.
Void adjacent to catapult trough.
AFFF and HCFF stations.
50 Drains shall be sized and located to prevent the overflow of liquids into
hatchways and shall discharge directly overboard.
Piping from the oxygen-nitrogen producer room deck drains shall be
installed to allow for contraction during liquid spill. A corrosion-resisting
steel plate, 7.65 lb/ft 2 , shall be installed for protection of shell plating
55 in way of each overboard opening. The plate shall be 24 inches wide, shall
extend from 1 foot above the shell opening to 1 foot below the light ship
waterline, and its corners shall be rounded on a 3-inch radius. The plate
shall be attached to the shell by a continuous 3/16-inch fillet weld and by
plug welds along the centerline of the plate, spaced approximately 18 inches,
60 center to center. A corrosion-resisting steel split pipe extension shall be
installed over each drain opening.
Deck drain piping shall .be led overboard independently of other drains for
oxygen-nitrogen producer room, helicopter hangar, helicopter fueling station,
catapult launch valve compartments, catapult troughs and adjacent voids,

5 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION
enclosed gasoline service stations, and elevator pits. These drains shall not
be trapped and shall have a positive drainage gradient throughout the entire
length.
Deck drains shall not be installed in paint mixing and issue spaces, paint
5 lockers, or flammable stores spaces. See Sect. 529.
Drains shall be installed within coamings of all AFFF and HCFF stations,
beverage dispensers, kettles, laundry machines, vegetable peeling machines,
each shower stall, and other equipment located outside main machinery spaces
where leakage or spillage may occur. The area outside the shower stalls shall
10 also be adequately drained. Deck drains for spaces serving foodservice
machines, such as dishwashers and vegetable peelers, shall be connected to the
drains from the machines so that the deck drains serve as a telltale in case
of back flooding. Check valves shall not be installed in these drains .
Two 2-inch nps deck drains shall be installed in HCFF stations. Deck drain
15 piping from all AFFF and HCFF stations shall not discharge to the CHT tank,
but shall discharge directly overboard.
All compartments having sprinkling systems shall have a drainage
capability. Magazines, ready service rooms, and missile checkout and assembly
areas, located above the lowest weather deck and adjacent to the weather,
20 shall drain through the bulkhead via a check valve to the weather. Where these
spaces are not located adjacent to the weather, drainage shall be directly
overboard via deck drains and independent drain piping having a check valve at
the shell .
Magazines which cannot be drained overboard by gravity shall be drained by
25 portable pumps as specified in Sect. 529, either through the overhead access,
where available, or through a drain pipe installed through the bulkhead and
terminating in an adjacent handling room, access or passage. This drain pipe
shall be low in the bulkhead and fitted with a hose valve and cap and chain.
For drainage of the steering gear motor room, see Sect. 529. Leakage from
30 rudder stuffing boxes shall be confined by a coaming with a drain led to the
compartment drain. The ram room shall have deck drains discharging to a void
below. These drains shall terminate in check valves.
In aircraft carriers, lightproof freeing ports of a nonreturn type shall be
installed through boundaries of the hangar to drain off foam sprinkling water
35 to the weather. Deck drains shall be installed inboard of aircraft elevator
doors; the piping shall be independent of all othe~ piping and shall have
scupper valves or other means to prevent water from coming aboard.
Deck drains shall not be combined with any eductor actuated drain unless
drainage to the eductor is properly located and vented to provide gravity flow
40 to eductor suction.
Weather deck drains.- Weather deck drains shall be independent of all other
drains. Drains shall be installed for all weather areas. The number and
location of deck drains shall prevent pocketing of water by structure or by
nontight foundations of deck equipment. Bulwarks and partial enclosures shall
45 have freeing ports to clear the deck or enclosures of large quantities of
water quickly. Weather deck drains shall be at least 2 inches nps except as
follows:
1. Those from bridges and platforms may be 1-1/2 inches nps.
50 2. Those from bridle arrester tracks and tensioner drip pans may be 1
inch nps.
Drains from the lowest weather deck shall be led to discharge overboard.
Piping from other levels, bridges, platforms, or tops of deckhouses shall
55 discharge onto the deck immediately below and shall discharge into the
waterway or as near as practicable to the deck drain in the lower leve l.
Discharges shall not be located in the immediate vicinity of manned equipment
or across normal traffic routes between ladders, hatches , or doors. In cases
where spilling this drainage on the deck below would result in the collection
60 of an excessive quantity of water in a walkway or a working area, the drain
pipe may penetrate the deck or decks below, combining with the drains from
lower decks, or these pipes may be led forward or aft. In no case shall
drains from upper levels penetrate the weather deck or be routed inside the
superstructure, except where, because of the location of hatches and other

6 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION
equipment that require draining, such penetrations and routings are clearly
unavoidable and approved by the Supervisor.
A waterway bar shall be provided at the outboard edge of the lowest weather
deck. Where necessary to permit drainage, the bar shall be formed on a minimum
S radius of 2 inches to provide a flume into the scupper extension. These
scupper extensions shall be located to avoid discharging onto accommodation
ladders or small boats.
Drains from flush hatch drain troughs shall be a minimum 2 inch nps size
and constructed with copper-nickel. Flush hatches located in areas subject to
10 fuel spills such as the flight deck, hangar deck and helicopter landing
platform shall have the drain piping all welded.
Deck drainage shall be provided from helicopter landing areas to prevent
pooling of fuel and to minimize the entry of fuel into the helicopter hangar
area or passageway occurring from fuel spillage on the helicopter landing
lS area. Drains shall comply with drawing, NAVSHIPS No. 810-138S789, type C.
Weather deck and flush hatch drains from the helicopter landing, hangar, and
parking areas on aviation facility ships, shall discharge directly overboard.
Drains shall not be trapped and shall have a positive drainage gradient
throughout the entire length.
20 Drains from flight decks shall be led to discharge overboard below the
gallery walkway and clear of accommodation ladders, life boats, deck
machinery, working areas, and hangar openings. Spray from these drains shall
blow clear of sponsons and elevators. These drains may penetrate and drain
through sponsons. The system shall drain all flight deck equipment, such as
2S jet blast deflectors and arresting gear sheave housings, subject to the
accumulation of water.
Drains from the waterway shall be protected by box type strainers.
Individual securing fittings recessed into flight decks and hangar decks shall
not be drained.
30 Weather deck drains and vertical leaders for large flat surfaces shall be
sized according to the following table:

Size of drain or Maximum deck area

3S leader (nps) (square feet)
3 1260
4 2630
s 49SO
40 6 7700
7 11400
8 16SOO

4S Air conditioning units.

Surface ships.- All cooling coils, unit coolers, fan coil assemblies,
gravity coils and similar units, except those constructed with an integral
trap, shall be provided with a water seal trap of at least 3 inches in depth
on the condensate outlet to prevent the admission of air and assist in
so drainage. Whenever the condensate outlet is located too close to the deck to
permit the installation of the water seal trap above the deck, a swing-check
valve may be substituted for the trap, or the trap may be located below the
deck.
Whenever two condensate outlets are provided on a drip pan, both shall be
SS connected to a single trap. The piping connections to drip pans shall be via
hose with clamps. The interconnecting piping between the condensate outlets
shall be installed with a 1/8-in/ft minimum slope.
Minimum condensate drain pipe size shall be one inch nps. A gate valve
shall be installed in the condensate piping whenever the drain is connected to
60 a piping system that cannot be isolated and the space containing the coil is
subject to compartment testing.
Condensate drainage from the coils shall be arranged in accordance with one
I of the following methods:

7 SECTION S28
 1989 EDITION
Direct connection to a waste drain via a closed funnel equipped with an
air gap and a 3-inch water seal trap.
Discharge to a deck drain via a hose or pipe installed in a vertical
position so that the terminal end is located 1/4 inch, plus or minus 1/8
5 inch, within a one-inch high coaming which is brazed to the deck drain
strainer plate. The coaming shall be large enough to accommodate the hose
or pipe and yet allow the deck drain to function as a compartment drain.
The strainer plate within the coaming shall be drilled out to assist in
drainage. The installation of the coaming or condensate drain pipe shall
10 not interfere with the operation of deck drain valves. The hose or pipe
installation shall have enough flexibility or a union joint to permit
removal of the strainer plate.
Discharge to an independent condensate drain system.
15 In addition to the above requirements, drainage piping shall be arranged as
follows:
Condensate from coils serving medical spaces shall drain to the waste
drainage system serving those spaces.
20 Condensate from coils classified "Z" shall drain to the waste drainage
system whenever possible.
Condensate from coils classified "W" and located above the waterline
shall drain overboard via the waste drainage system and a three way
diverter plug or ball valve and a gagged scupper valve classified "W"
25 located within the same watertight subdivision as the drain pipe.
Condensate from coils located where gravity drainage overboard is not
practical shall drain to one of the following:
Machinery space waste water drain system
30 Condensate drain tank
Bilge sump
CHT tank
Waste water receiving tank
35 In all cases the penetration of only one main watertight subdivision is
permitted and a cutout valve operable from an accessible location on both
sides of the bulkhead shall be installed at the penetration.
The condensate drain tank shall be fabricated of glass reinforced plastic
materials. The drain tank, when not equipped with an automatic actuated drain
40 pump, or the bilge sump shall be sized to hold the condensate resulting from
approximately 12 hours-operation under normal conditions but shall not exceed
75 gallons for this purpose.
The condensate drain tank when equipped with an automatic actuated drain
pump shall be sized to hold the condensate resulting from approximately one
45 hour of operation plus the volume of the pump. The pump shall be a
non-ferrous submersible type equipped with an automatic tank level actuating
system. The pump shall be held in place within the tank and the tank shall be
held in place by means of non-ferrous clips, foundation, or straps. The pump
shall discharge overboard via a check valve and hull valve located above the
so waterline within the same watertight subdivision as the tank, or to a gravity
waste drain pipe, a machinery space waste drain system, CHT tank, or waste
water receiving tank in an adjacent watertight subdivision via a bulkhead
cutout valve, operable from an accessible location on both sides of the
bulkhead and a check and cutout valve at the interfacing system.
55 The bilge sump and condensate drain tank shall be equipped with a high
water level alarm in accordance with Sect. 436. The condensate drain tank
shall also be furnished with a vent, liquid level indicator, and manhole or
handhole for cleaning out. The bilge sump or condensate drain tank shall be
drained either with a suction from the main or secondary drainage system or a
60 dedicated eductor drainage system with an overboard discharge, check and hull
cutout valve located above the waterline.
Condensate from gravity type air conditioning coils in magazines located
above the waterline shall drain to the waste drain system. Condensate from
coils in magazines located below the waterline shall drain to a bilge sump or
-
65 condensate drain tank both located outside of the magazine. Whenever this is

8 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION
not possible, coils in magazines shall be drained to S-gallon aluminum cans
located in accessible locations in the open passageways of the magazine
stowage . Sufficient cans shall be used for the coils drainage so that the
capacity of cans is equal to 12 hours of collected condensate. A spare can
s shall be provided for every magazine using cans for drainage. Condensate
piping penetrations of magazine bulkheads shall include a check valve and
cutout valve.
All condensate piping connections to waste drain systems shal l include a
check valve at the system interface.
10 Submarines.- Drain piping shall be installed for drain pans of air
conditioning coils and led to a waste drain s anitary tank, via an existing
gravity drain line.
Refrigerated stores spaces.
Surface ships.- Valved deck drains shall be installed in all refrigerated
lS stores spaces where operating temperatures are above 32 degrees F and in
passages to which other spaces or drip troughs are drained. Deck drains shall
be at least 2 inches nps and shall be installed in sumps in the port and
starboard corners at the lowest end of the compartment. The drain in the
bottom of the sump shall have a dome type strainer. Guards shall be installed
20 to preclude storing foods ove.r the drain and to allow access for periodic
cleaning of strainer.
At least one deck drain shall be installed in the passage or compartment
outside of the refrigerated food storage spaces and adjacent thereto. The
deck drain shall be at least 6 inches lower than the lowest deck drain in the
2S refrigerated food spaces so as to serve as a telltale in case of backflooding.
Drip troughs shall be installed under all gravity type cooling coils for
disposal of water resulting from condensation or defrosting. Troughs shall be
galvanized steel 2 inches wider and 2 inches longer than the maximum coil
dimensions measured at the bottom of the coil, and shall be 4 inches deep.
30 Troughs shall be installed at least 4 inches below the bottom of coils and so
as to permit free flow of air at both sides, and shall be inclined toward the
drain at least 1/2 in/ft. Drain connections shall be 1-1/4 inches nps,
minimum. Drain piping from troughs shall be as short as practicable and shall
drain to the compartment drain piping. Drain piping in compartments which may
3S be maintained at less than 32 degrees F shall be spirally wrapped with heating
cable. Pipe within the compartments shall be wrapped for its entire length
with enough turns of cable to provide approximately 12S Btu/hr linear foot of
pipe. The maximum temperature of the cable shall not exceed 14S degrees F,
(gradient plus ambient temperature). All cable wrapped pipe shall be
40 insulated as specified in MIL-STD-769 for weather deck hot piping.
Drip troughs shall have heating cables installed lengthwise inside the
trough on the bottom to provide approximately 9S Btu/hr per linear foot of
single drip trough (troughs under single cooling coils) and 13S Btu/hr per
linear foot of double troughs.
4S Where gravity drainage overboard from deck drains of refrigerated stores
spaces is practicable, drains shall be combined into a common drain and led
overboard independently of all other drains. Where gravity drainage overboard
is not practicable, drains shall be combined and led via a trapped drain to a
drain tank, provided for refrigerated spaces and refrigeration machinery
so spaces only, within the same transverse subdivision. The drain tanks shall
have vent pipes which terminate in the weather similar to plumbing vents, a
liquid level indicator, and a means for cleaning out. Drainage from the tanks
shall be through the main drainage or a secondary drainage system.
Submarines.- Drains shall be installed in chilled stores space decks to
SS remove water from condensation and defrosting. These drains shall be of low
thermal conductivity material, shall have an isolation valve, and shall be led
to a bilge collecting tank or a pumped sanitary tank.
Ventilation grease interceptor hoods.- The waste drain from ventilation
grease interceptor hoods shall be to a deck drain within a coaming at least 6
60 inches in height and through an air gap of at least twice the diameter of the
drain served.
(

9 SECTION S28
 1989 EDITION
528c. Traps and cleanouts
Traps.- A water-seal trap shall be installed for each plumbing fixture or
for a battery of not more than three fixtures. The trap shall be located as
close to the fixture as possible and the maximum vertical distance between
5 fixture outlet to trap weir shall not exceed 24 inches. P-type traps shall be
used. Slip joints or couplings may be used on the trap inlet and also within
the trap seal if metal-to-metal ground joints are used. Each fixture trap
shall have a readily accessible means for cleaning. No fixture shall be
double trapped.
10 In surface ships, traps shall be installed in a fore-and-aft direction.
Fixtures with built-in traps shall be arranged to allow a fore-and-aft flow
through the trap. Each trap shall have a water seal of not less th&n 2 inches
nor more than 4 inches.
In submarines, standard P-type traps shall be installed at a maximum of 45
15 degrees from the fore-and-aft direction, where practicable. Traps are not
required in drain lines from water closets and urinals. Foodservice drain
lines shall have grease traps designed to serve also as fixture traps.
Cleanouts.- Connections shall be installed in accessible locations for all
drains to permit cleaning drain pipes.
20 Cleanouts shall not be more than 50 feet apart in horizontal drainage
lines; they shall be installed at each change of direction greater than 45
degrees and shall be installed so that the cleanout opens in a direction
opposite to the flow of the drainage line or at right angles thereto. Cleanout
connections shall be installed in each vent pipe serving a drain from a
25 plumbing fixture or fixtures, located above the fixture, positioned to
facilitate mechanical cleaning of the drain line. Where cleanout connections
are necessary in foodservice spaces they shall be installed only in vertical
drain piping below all foodservice working surfaces.
For piping up to 2 inches nps, cleanouts shall be the same nominal size as
30 the pipe served, and not less than 2 inches for larger piping. A minimum of
18 inches clearance for rodding shall be provided for drains 3 inches nps and
larger. Cleanouts for smaller drains shall be installed with a minimum of 12
inches clearance for rodding.
35
528d. Scuppers
Plumbing and space deck drains.- Gag scupper valves shall be installed in
plumbing and space drain piping terminating at the shell, except where the
scupper valve would be located in a tank or floodable void. Gag scupper valves
40 shall comply with drawing, NAVSHIPS No. 810-1385707, and shall have hull
fittings similar to those on drawings, NAVSHIPS Nos. S4808-l385803 and
S4808-1385804.
Where an overboard discharge drain line penetrates a tank or floodable void
and discharges overboard from within the tank or void, a full port ball or
45 plug and check valve shall be installed inboard in the drain line, immediately
before the drain penetrates the tank or void. No valve shall be installed in
the drain piping terminating at the shell.
Shell openings for scuppers shall be located higher than the full load
waterline. Generally, they shall be located as high as practicable, yet as low
50 as required to prevent discharge of drainage or spray onto accommodation
ladders, side ladders, debarkation nets, elevators, sponsons, or boats
alongside. Where lowering the scupper would result in penetrating oil tanks or
side protective systems, the opening shall have split pipe extensions and
guards similar to those shown on drawing, NAVSHIPS No. 805-1508069: Split pipe
55 extensions shall terminate 12 inches above the boottopping. Scuppers more than
12 inches above the top edge of the boottopping shall have scupper lips in
accordance with drawing, NAVSHIPS No. 805-860296, except where split pipe
extensions are required.
Eductor and pump discharges shall have split pipe extensions and guards in
60 accordance with drawing, NAVSHIPS No. 805-1508069, where discharge is above
the waterline.
Weather deck drains.- Waterway scupper extension from scuppers formed by
the waterway bar on weather decks shall comply with drawing, NAVSHIPS No.
805 - 860296.

10 SECTION 528
 1989 EDITION
528e. Vents
Protection of trap seals from siphonage or backpressure shall be
accomplished by use of drain vents sized and installed to permit admission or
emission of air so that, under normal use, including operation of the plwnbing
S drain system in both modes; that is, sewage holding tank and overboard, the
seal of any trap will not be subjected to a positive or negative pressure
differential of more than 1 inch of water. Each vent, except those serving
deck drains, shall be located so that the total pitch of the fixture drain
from the trap weir to the vent fitting is not more than one inside diameter of
10 the drain pipe. Stack vents shall be installed as continuations of vertical
stacks.
Wherever back vents, relief vents, or other branch vents are required, in
two or more branch intervals, a vent stack shall be installed. All vents and
branch vent pipes shall be pitched and connected to drain back to the soil or
lS waste pipe by gravity.
Surface ships.- All plumbing system vents shall terminate in the weather.
Those from drains above the tightness level shall terminate just below the
deck next above that on which the fixture is located. Those from drains on
decks below the tightness level shall terminate just below the tightness
20 level, and shall have locked-open gate valves or plug cocks to prevent
backflooding in case of extreme list. Vents shall be welded directly to
structure where they penetrate the shell or deckhouse side. Vertical
half-sections of pipe, welded to the shell or deckhouse side, shall be
installed over the vent outlets. Internal area of each half-section shall be
2S equal to the area, and the length shall be four times the diameter of the vent
covered. Standard tees may be substituted for vertical half-sections on vents
terminating above the tightness level. A clearance of approximately 1/4 inch
shall be provided between the run of tee and the deckhouse side.
Vents from soil drains terminating above the weather deck shall not
30 terminate near hatches, doors, airports, ventilation intake openings, or
galleys.
Area of vent piping shall not be less than one-third of the area of the
drain line served, but not less than 1-1/4 inches nps, except that individual
back vents of traps for a lavatory or drinking fountain may be 3/4 inch nps
3S and for a trap serving three fixtures may be 1 inch nps. For one or two
waterclosets, not less than a 2 inch nps vent shall be used.
Submarines.- Sanitary tanks shall have an inboard vent with one or more
activated carbon filters installed in parallel as required to limit
backpressure in the tank to not over 1 inch of water. Filters shall comply
40 with Mil. Spec. MIL-F-1S919, type I. Vent piping from tanks arranged for
blowing shall have a bypass around the stop valve. A valve and a 1/4-inch
diameter orifice shall be installed in the bypass.
An activated carbon filter shall be installed in fixture trap vents. The
following requirements apply to these filter and fixture vents:
4S
Individual fixture vents or back vents shall be not less than 3/4 inch
nps for a single fixture and 1-inch nps for a trap serving three fixtures.
These vents may be combined.
Trap vents may be combined with the sanitary tank vents to utilize
so sanitary tank vent filters, provided the intent of the foregoing
requirements are not compromised.
Filters shall be installed vertically and shall be readily removable for
replenishing with activated carbon.
SS

11 SECTION S28
 1989 EDITION

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12 SECTION 528