‘Nano’ - Buzzword Today

What is a nanomaterial??

Pb
 What is a nanomaterial??

Ag Au

10 nm
What is a nanomaterial??

g in SiO2 Auto Catalyst

Ag
Ant Dust Mite

mm

ngth Scale
e
~ 1 cm ~ 200 m
Hair 120 m
~60 -120 Fly Ash

10-100 m

Len
RBC, ~6 -7 m

1-10 

7.8 Å

DNA Si
10 Å

2-3 nm
Nanomaterials : Scale of things
B lk P
Bulk Properties
ti 1- 10 m

Surface Energy Dominated <100 nm

Properties

Qunatum Confinement 1-2 nm

N
Nanotechnology:
t h l

Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at

dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers
((nm),
), where unique
q p phenomena enable novel applications.
pp

Encompassing nanoscale science, engineering, and

technology, nanotechnology involves imaging, measuring,
modeling, and manipulating matter at this length scale.

SASS 14
NANO-ENABLED PRODUCTS

800+ consumer products using nanotechnologies, according to

manufacturer

Estimates ppredict 15% of g

goods g
globally,
y worth $2.6 trillion by
y
2014 will be nano-enabled

E
Every sector,
t andd every Fortune
F t 500 company iis iinvested
t d

SASS 15
THE PROMISES

Clothing covered in nano-zinc oxide wires could power

d i
devices. (N
(Nature,
t F
Feb
b 2008)

Iron nanoparticles can decontaminate solvent-soaked

solvent soaked soil up
to 1,000 times faster than a conventional iron mixture.

Improved hydrogen-fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, and solar

cell
semiconductors
i d t

SASS 16
THE PRODUCTS

Stain resistant clothing (nano

Stain-resistant (nano-perfluorinated
perfluorinated compounds)

Clear sunscreen (TiO2)

The nanosolar utility panel carries 5-10 times more current

than typical panels

Nanosilver antibiotic clothing

clothing, food packaging
packaging, and teddy
bears

Carbon nanotube lighter stronger building materials

SASS 17
NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE
NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE
NANO TITANIUM DIOXIDE

When TiO2 nanoparticles were fed to mice in drinking

water (300-3,000 µg/day for five days), they showed
DNA ddamage. (T
(Trouiller
ill ett al,
l 2009)

When pregnantt mice

Wh i were iinjected
j t d under
d th
the skin
ki with
ith
TiO2 (0.1 mg at 3, 7, 10, and 14 days postcoitum) the
nanoparticles were found in the offspring and caused
reduced sperm production and brain cell death in the
male offspring.
p g ((Takeda et al, 2008).)
20
CARBON NANOTUBES: the new asbestos?
Both are long, rigid, fiber-like tubes.

Both have a diameter of about 100-200 nm.

Both cause cytotoxicity, DNA damage, mutation.

Both cause size-dependent inflammation,

f granulomas,
fibrosis
Review by Jaurand et al, 2009. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1743-8977-6-16.pdf

21
Processing
 Processing

Single Source Multiple Source

Pulsed Laser Deposition
p
Sputter
p Deposition
p
Ch i l V
Chemical Vapour D
Deposition
iti
Quantum Dots
Quantum Dots
Lithography
Bottom –Up Approach
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor