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ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

Distortion in Welds
Weld Distortion and
Weld
warping of parts after welding,
caused by differential thermal
Transverse shrinkage Weld Neutral axis Weld expansion and contraction of
different regions of the welded
assembly. Warping can be reduced
Angular distortion
Longitudinal or eliminated by proper weld
shrinkage design and fixturin prior to
(a) (b) (c) (d)
welding.

Residual stress
Compressive Tensile

Base
metal Residual stresses developed in a
straight butt joint. Source: Courtesy of the
American Welding Society.
Weld

(a) (b)

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