Division of City Schools, Manila

JOSE ABAD SANTOS HIGH SCHOOL 1

(SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL)

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Individual interaction is a natural phenomenon that occurs in a particular place.

People need to socialize with each other to provide their needs in order to live. Interaction

is a mutual or reciprocal action or influence. The true office of religion is to bring out the

whole nature of man in harmonious activity. (William Ellery Channing)

Diversity of religion is the differences of beliefs and doctrines of a particular group

of people. Religious diversity is the fact that there are significant differences in religious

belief and practices. It has always been recognized by people outside the smallest and

most isolated communities. (www.iep.utm.edu)

Religion holds a central lace in the life of most Filipinos, including Catholics,

Muslims, Buddhists, Protestants, and Animists. It is central not as an abstract belief

system but rather as a host of experiences, rituals, ceremonies, and adjurations that

provide continuity in life, cohesion in the community, and moral purpose for existence.

Religious associations are part of the system of kinship ties, patron client bonds, and

other linkages outside the nuclear family. (countrystudies.us)

Background of the Study

The study of religion is at turning point, along with religion itself, Cornelio (2017).

Moreover, studying the different religions affect human’s interaction in terms of family

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connection, communication with friends and community motivation. Also it affects on how

an individuals behavior related towards his or her society. A bulk of studies indicates that

the high importance gives to his or her religion is associated with prosocial behavior (e.g.,

Saroglou,2013). In addition to this, according to Abun (2015) the discussion on the effect

of religion toward morality cannot proceed without understanding religion and its role to

human’s life.

Furthermore, in the year of 2015, the International Journal of Research Studies in

Psychology conducted a research study about the overlap of religiosity and spirituality

among Filipinos and its implications towards religious prosociality. This research study

aimed to determine the extent of religiosity and spirituality among Filipinos in terms of

willingness to help the ingroup and outgroup. On the other hand, it also seek the effects

and implications of overlapping of religiosity and spirituality in an individual in terms of

how they interact towards the outgroup. Filipino youth were involved in this study. The

overlap of religiosity and spirituality were the factors that affect the social behavior of

Filipino Youth.

The religiosity and spirituality among Filipinos are strongly associated. Moreover,

the finding of this study indicates the high religiosity among the respondents and their

religious engagement in the form of helping may provide armor against anguish and a

key towards a flourishing life. The students-researchers of Jose Abad Santos Senior High

School conducted the research study on the extent of effects of different religions in the

human’s interaction in terms of family connection, communication with friends, and

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community motivation. Aside from that, this research study seek the social behavior of an

individual with different religion in small area such as barangay.

In this point, the study of overlap of religiosity and spirituality among Filipinos and

its implications towards religious prosociality provides some informations that will support

in the study of individual interaction and diversity of religion such as the behavior of

Filipinos with the different religions in social interactions.

Theoretical Framework

The theories of religious diversity by Dale Tuggy state that the religious diversity is

the fact that there are significant differences in religious belief and practices. It has always

been recognized by people outside the smallest and most isolated communities scholarly

study of a wide large of religious and comparison and evaluation of them. Pioneered by

Christian missionaries the ninetieth century seeking to understand those whom they

sought to convert. There exist significant differences of opinion among individuals who

seem to be equally knowledgeable and sincere. Individuals who apparently have access

to the same information and are equally interested in the truth affirm incompatible

perspectives on, for instance, significant social, political, and economic issues. Such

diversity of opinion , though, is nowhere more evident than in the area of religious thought

issue, honest, knowledgeable people hold significantly diverse, often incompatible

beliefs.

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Conceptual Framework

This section provides particular variables which are included in the study. As

shown in the figure, the conceptual framework represents a paradigm wherein variables

were grouped into the independent and dependent variables

Independent Variables Dependent Variable

 Family Connection
 Communication with
Friends Diversity of
 Community Motivation

Religion

Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

The figure served as the basis of conducting the study. As illustrated in paradigm,

there are the independent variables which contain family connection, communication with

friends, and community motivation.

The dependent variable is the diversity of religion of the respondents in barangays

28,31,32,Zone 2,District 1,Tondo Manila. The line connecting the boxes represents the

relationship of the independent variables and dependent variable.

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Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the effects of individual interaction and the diversity

of religion at barangays 28,31,32,Zone 2,District 1,Tondo Manila.

Specifically this study sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the extent of the individual interaction of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Family Connection

1.2 Communication with Friends

1.3 Community Motivation

2. What is the level of the diversity of religion of the respondents in terms of:

2.1 Roman Catholic

2.2 Christian(Born Again)

2.3 Islam

2.4 Iglesia Ni Cristo

2.5 Dating Daan

3. Is there a significant effect of individual interaction and the diversity of religion of

the respondents?

Hypothesis

There is no significant effect of individual interaction and the diversity of religion of

the respondents.

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Scope and Limitation of the Study

The study aims to determine the effect of individual interaction and the diversity of

religion of the barangays 28,31,32,Zone 2,District 1,Tondo Manila. The survey

questionnaire were used as the instruments of the study. Survey questionnaire was

compose of family connection, communication with friends, community motivation and

religion diversity perceived by the respondents at barangays 28,31,32,Zone 2,District

1,Tondo Manila.

Significance of the Study

This study aims to determine the significant effect of individual interaction and the

diversity of religion. The result of this study are expected to give information on how

family, friends, community leader deals with the diversity of religion. It will also give

information if the stated variables are positively or negatively to each other.

For the Community Leader, the result of this study will serve as a guide to be

prepared from religious activity in a community

For the Religion Leader, the result of this study will help them to lead their followers

and other people with different religions on their community engagement. It will also help

them to educate their followers why there are such diversity in terms of religion.

For the Family, the result of this study will help them to have a strong

communication on the member of the family with different religion

For the Peers, the result of this study will help them to engage with other people

and to motivate them to associate with other individual who have different religion

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For Future Researcher, the result of this study will help the future researcher as

their guide in conducting research about individual interaction and diversity of religion.

Definition of Terms

For better clarification and understanding of the term related to this study the

following terms are affectionally defined.

 Barangay 28, 31 and 32 – This refer to the three of the barangays in Tondo,

Manila where different religion or with the same interest and races are belong as

the respondents

 Community – This refers to a group of people who live on the same area, with the

same interest and races or even different religion.

 Communication with Family – This refers to the state of having an interaction

beyond the members of family either with different beliefs and culture.

 Diversity of Religion – This refers to the state of having people who have different

beliefs in an group or organization.

 Family Connection – This refers to the state of having an oriented interaction

which the member of our family is mutually communicate to each other.

 Individual Interaction – This refers to the communication and action between

people either with different culture or beliefs

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