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175 Passage Based Physics Questions PDF
175 Passage Based Physics Questions PDF
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Passage 2 (Questions 6-11) 8.If the force between the balls stays the
same, but the charge q2 is multiplied
Two charged balls which are by 4, which is a possibility?
near each other will exert a force on each A. The charge q1 is also multiplied by
other: attractive if they are oppositely 4, and all else is unchanged.
charged, and repulsive if they are B. The separation is decreased by a
similarly charged. The magnitude of the factor of 2, and all else is
force is given by unchanged.
C. The separation is increased by a
kq1 q 2 factor of 2, and all else is
F= , unchanged.
r2
D. The separation is increased by a
where F is in N, k is a constant 9 x 109 N factor of 4, and all else is
m2/C2, q1 and q2 are the charges on the unchanged.
balls measured in C, and r is the distance
between the balls in m. 9.In a hypothetical situation, two balls of
positive charge exert a force 12 N on
6.In a certain experiment, the separation each other. The charge on ball A is 2
between the balls is halved, while the C. if the charge on ball A is increased
charges on the balls are undisturbed. to 8 C, and all else unchanged, what
How would this affect the force would the force be?
between them? A. 8 N
A. The force would decrease by a factor B. 16 N
of 4. C. 18 N
B. The force would decrease by a factor D. 48 N
of 2.
C. The force would increase by a factor 10. Which graph best shows the
of 2. relationship between the force between
D. The force would increase by a factor two balls F and their separation r?
of 4.
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F = kρ m A n v p ,
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13. What is the approximate value of p? where E is measure in Joules, ρair is the
A. 2 and 3 density of air (1.2 kg/m3), A is the cross-
B. 3 and 4 sectional area of the car viewed from the
C. 4 and 6 front (in m2), D is the distance traveled
D. 5 and 6 (in m), and v is the speed of the car (in
m/s). Julie wants to drive from Tucson to
14. Which pair of experiments indicates Phoenix and get good gas mileage. For
that retarding force does not depend on the following questions, assume that the
the density of the object? energy loss is due solely to air
A. 1 and 2 resistance, and there is no wind.
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 and 6 16. If Julie increases her speed from
D. 4 and 6 30 mph to 60 mph, how does the energy
required to travel from Tucson to
15. Let us say m and n are known. What Phoenix change?
combination of experiments would be A. It increases by a factor of 2.
considered a minimum set for B. It increases by a factor of 4.
determining p and k? C. It increases by a factor of 8.
A. 1 and 2 D. It increases by a factor of 16.
B. 1, 2, and 3
C. 3, 4, and 5 17. Julie usually drives at a certain
D. 3 only speed. How much more energy will she
use if she drives 20% faster?
A. 20% more energy.
B. 40% more energy.
C. 44% more energy.
D. 80% more energy.
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18. Scott drives a very large 50s Passage 5 (Questions 21- 26)
style car, and Laura drives a small 90s
style car, so that every linear dimension A man is driving out of his
of Scott’s car is double that of Laura’s driveway by backing up. He realizes he
car. On the basis of energy loss due to has forgotten his lunch, so he pulls back
air resistance alone, how much more into the driveway. Car experts agree that
energy would you expect Scott’s car to the best way to do this is to press on the
expend getting from Tucson to Phoenix brake until the car comes to a complete
than Laura’s car? stop, shift from reverse into first gear,
A. Twice as much as energy. then accelerate forward.
B. Four times as much energy. The driver, however, shifts into
C. Eight times as much energy. first gear while the car is rolling
D. Sixteen times as much energy. backward and pushes on the accelerator
until he is going forward. This causes
19. How does Julie’s energy usage some wear on the transmission. The
change if she changes from driving 50 following chart shows some data about
mph to 55 mph? his progress. (Negative velocity =
A. It increases by 10%. backwards.)
B. It increases by 20%.
C. It increases by 21%. t (s) x (m) v (m/s
D. It increases by 40%. 0.0 1.35 -1.8
0.5 0.60 -1.2
20. Julie modifies her car, so that the 1.0 0.15 -0.6
effective cross-sectional area is reduced 1.5 0.00 0.0
by 20%. How much further can she drive 2.0 0.15 0.6
and still use the same amount of energy? 2.5 0.60 1.2
A. 10% further. 3.0 1.35 1.8
B. 20% further.
C. 25% further. 21. What is the value of his initial
D. 44% further. velocity?
A. -1.8 m/s
B. 0.0 m/s
C. 1.2 m/s
D. 1.8 m/s
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29. Which graph best represents velocity 33. A Styrofoam ball of the same size as
versus time? the lead ball takes a longer time to
reach the ground. Which is a good
explanation for this?
A. The force of gravity does not act
on the Styrofoam ball.
B. The force of gravity on the
Styrofoam ball is less than that
on the lead ball.
C. Air resistance is a significant
force in this problem
D. There is a gravitational force
between the ball and the building
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38. What is the average velocity vavg for Passage 8 (Questions 40-45)
the interval of time shown in the
table? A sport at a nearby educational
A. 0.0 m/s institute involves running along the roof
B. 0.1 m/s of an apartment building, jumping off
C. 0.15 m/s the edge, and falling into the pool below.
D. 0.3 m/s This dangerous sport involves a
combination of strength of spirit,
39. After the experiment has run a while, braggadocio, and inebriation.
the mass m hits the floor and the Let’s say a student (50 kg)
string goes slack. But mass M accelerates uniformly from rest at one
continues going forward until it hits side of the building to the jumping edge,
the pulley. After the string goes slack a distance of 5 m. Just after his feet leave
but before M hits the pulley, what are the building, he is traveling horizontally
the forces on the mass M? at a speed 5 m/s. the building is 7.2 m
A. There are no forces on M. high, and the pool is 4.5 m from the edge
B. The force of gravity. of the building. Use g = 10 m/s2.
C. The force of gravity and the
upward force of the table.
D. The force of gravity, the upward
force of the table, and a forward
force.
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46. What is the approximate density of a 49. What is the best explanation for the
neutron star? stretching of an object in free fall as
A. 2 x 1017 kg/m3 it approaches a neutron star?
B. 8 x 1020 kg/m3 A. The density of the neutron star is
C. 1 x 1024 kg/m3 huge.
D. 1 x 1027 kg/m3 B. The parts of an object which are
nearer the neutron star are pulled
47. How does the acceleration due to more strongly than the parts
gravity at the surface of a neutron which farther away from the star.
star compare with that near the C. The strong surface gravity is due
surface of the Sun? to the fact that surface gravity
A. 50,000 times stronger. varies inversely as the radius.
D. The strong surface gravity is due
B. 50,000 times stronger.
to the fact that surface gravity
C. (50,000)2 times stronger.
varies inversely as the square of
D. (50,000)3 times stronger.
the radius.
48. The Earth is 1.5 x 1011 meters away
from the Sun. If there were a planet
of the same mass which was 1.5 x
1011 meters away from a neutron
star, how would the neutron star’s
gravitational pull on that planet
compare with the Sun’s pull on the
Earth?
A. It would be the same.
B. It would be 50,000 times
stronger.
C. It would be 50,000)2 time
stronger.
D. It would be 1.5 x 1011 / 14 times
stronger.
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53. If the man at the equator stood on a Passage 11 (Questions 55- 60)
scale, how would the scale read
compared to the scale reading for an The Drum of Discomfort is an
identical man standing at the equator amusement park ride which consists of a
of a non-rotating Earth? large vertical hollow cylinder which
A. It would read less than on a non- turns on its axis. A person of mass M
rotation Earth. enters the drum (inside-radius R) while
B. It would read the same as on a the drum is still and stands against the
non-rotating Earth. wall. The drum begins to turn, until it
C. It would read greater than on a achieves uniform rotation with period T
non-rotating Earth. and the rider feels as if some force is
D. It would depend on where the pushing him against the wall (see
man is. figure). Then the floor drops down, so
there is nothing touching the bottoms of
54. If two identical men stood on scales the rider’s shoes.
at the South Pole and at the equator
of an Earth identical to this one but
non-rotating, how would the reading
of the polar scale compare to the
equatorial one?
A. It would be less.
B. It would be the same.
C. It would be greater.
D. There is not enough information
to answer this question.
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55. During uniform rotation, after the 60. What values of µ assure that the rider
floor drops, what are the forces will not slide down when the floor
acting on a rider, besides gravity drops?
acting down and a force acting up? A. µ must be less than v2/Rg.
A. There is a force pointing inward. B. µ must be greater than v2/Rg.
B. There is a force pointing inward C. µ must be less than Rg/v2 .
and a force pointing in the same D. µ must be greater than Rg/v2 .
direction the rider is moving
C. There is a force pointing
outward.
D. There is a force pointing outward
and a force pointing in the same
direction the rider is moving
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mass and weight of the block. The cross- 68. Referring to the previous question, if
sectional area of the cylinder increases the stress at the center of the biceps
by the square of the factor, so the stress is 105 Pa, what is the stress at the
increases as the factor itself. forearm?
A. 103 Pa
B. 105 Pa
C. 107 Pa
D. 109 Pa
A. F0/100
B. F0
C. 100 F0
D. 104 F0
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72. When a rocket ship expels gas in 76. We can model a rocket and its
order to produce a thrust, this is an exhaust with two carts sitting on a
example of level, frictionless one-dimensional
A. The first law of motion. track. The large cart (rocket) has a
B. The second law of motion. mass 10 kg, and the small car
C. The third law of motion. (exhaust gas), 0.1 kg. There is a
D. The law of universal gravitation. small explosive between them. At a
certain time the explosive goes off
73. Could neon gas work instead of and the two carts go flying apart. The
hydrogen in the design of the nuclear less massive cart recoils with
engine? velocity 20 m/s. the explosion is over
A. No, since neon is not a product of in about 0.2s. what is the final
uranium fission. velocity of the larger mass?
B. No, since neon is an inert gas. A. 0.2 m/s
C. Yes, but the engine would not be B. 1.0 m/s
as efficient because of exhaust C. 20 m/s
velocity. D. 2000 m/s
D. Yes, it would work
approximately as well. 77. In the previous question, what is a
reasonable estimate for the force
74. What, according to the passage, is a which is exerted on the ship during
disadvantage of nuclear engines the explosion?
compare to conventional engines? A. 0.4 N
A. The molecular mass of the B. 10 N
exhaust is too low. C. 40 N
B. The molecular mass of the D. 1000 N
exhaust is too high.
C. Some of the energy is lost as
heat.
D. The mass expulsion rate is too
low.
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The pressure rises to P burn. 81. What would happen if the ratio in the
Next the piston slowly moves second paragraph were not 2:1?
back a distance l, from which the engine A. The heat of reaction would be
derives useful work. The distance l is less than 4.8 x 105 J/mol.
short enough that the pressure and B. The combustion would not
temperature inside the chamber remain ignite.
roughly constant. C. Some of the waste gas would be
The waste gases are then intermediate products of
expelled, and the piston is restored to its incomplete combustion.
original position. D. Some of the waste gas would be
The radius of the cylinder is r, oxygen or hydrogen.
and the cross-sectional area is A. the
length of the cylinder before the piston
moves back is L, which is much larger
than l. The number of moles of oxygen
introduced is n.
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ground. The slope of the first hill is an 88. What is the work done by the normal
angle θ from the horizontal. The loop is force from point C to point D?
a circle of whose highest point is H2 A. 0
above the ground. The mass of the car is B. - MgH 1 sin θ
M. The velocity of the car at point F is C. MgH 1 cos θ
v F.
D. MgH 1 sin θ
point F, vF? C. − Mg
H2
1
A. g (H1 − H 2 ) 2Mv F
2
2 D. + Mg
H2
B. g ( H 1 − H 2 )
C. 2g (H1 − H 2 )
D. g (H1 + H 2 )
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92. When it rains, the park operators run Passage 17 (Questions 94-99)
the ride with fewer people in the
cars. Which of the following is a A cannon is a device for
good explanation of why this is? imparting a large velocity to a mass of
A. The rain reduces the friction on iron, generally for the purpose of
the tracks and makes the cars go warfare. Over the centuries, the
faster. manufacture of cannons has taken many
B. The rain reduces the coefficient forms, but the basic construction has
of static friction between the remained the same.
bumpers and the car. A cylinder (or barrel) is a closed
C. The rain reduces the coefficient at one end (the breech) is placed in the
of kinetic friction between the cylinder at the breech, and a ball is
bumpers and the car. placed in the cylinder on top of the
D. The rain decreases the efficiency charge. The explosive is ignited and the
of the motor. reaction produces hot gases which
increase the pressure. Thus the gases
93. Which of the following best push the ball along the cylinder out the
describes the energy flow in this muzzle at great velocity.
ride?
A. Electrical to potential and kinetic
to heat.
B. Electrical to kinetic to electrical,
in a circuit.
C. Electrical to kinetic to potential.
D. Electrical to heat to potential.
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gravity that the force of gravity can be 97. Which of the following is necessarily
ignored. true?
A. The entropy change during
94. What additional piece of information burning is zero.
would be sufficient to allow the B. The free energy change during
calculation of the kinetic energy of burning is negative.
the ball upon leaving the cannon? C. The free energy change during
A. The mass of the cannonball. burning is zero.
B. The final velocity of the D. The free energy change during
cannonball. burning is positive.
C. The force of the cannonball
experiences in the barrel. 98. Which of the following best
D. None of the above. describes the energy flow in the
passage?
95. What additional piece of information A. Chemical to kinetic to heat.
would be sufficient to allow the B. Chemical to heat to kinetic.
calculation of the pressure in the C. Chemical to potential to heat.
barrel while the cannonball is still D. Chemical to potential to kinetic.
inside?
A. The temperature of the gas in the 99. For this question, assume the cannon
barrel. points straight up, and assume we
B. The final velocity of the know the velocity of the cannonball
cannonball. when it leaves the muzzle of the
C. The force the cannonball cannon. What additional piece of
experiences in the barrel. information would be sufficient to
D. None of the above. allow the calculation of the height to
which the cannonball would travel?
96. Which of the following would best A. The mass of the cannonball.
explain why a large-grained charge B. The kinetic energy of the ball
would burn more slowly than a upon just leaving the barrel.
small-grained charge? C. The force the cannonball
A. The rate of reaction depends on experiences in the barrel.
the surface area. D. No more information is needed.
B. The rate of reaction depends on
the concentration of reactants.
C. The rate of reaction depends on
the temperature of reactants.
D. The activation energy is reduced
for smaller-grained charge.
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150. A certain eye does not focus 153. A Seurat painting consists of
correctly, being either near- or far- many dots of paint about 0.002 m in
sighted. The front to back length of diameter. If you view it from a great
the eye is 0.025 m, but the focussing enough distance, the dots of color
power of the resting eye is 35 appear to blend together, and you see
diopters. What should be the a coherent picture. The resolution of
approximate power of the your diffraction-limited eye is 2 x 10-
4
approximate corrective lens? radians. If you wanted t know how
A. -5 diopters far away need you be for the dots to
B. -3 diopters blur together, which paragraph in the
C. 3 diopters passage gives the information to
D. 5 diopters calculate this?
A. Paragraph 3, and you must stand
151. The cornea is made of a material 2 m away.
which has a larger index of refraction B. Paragraph 3, and you must stand
for blue light than for red light. If the 10 m away.
eye is focusing a beam of red light C. Paragraph 4, and you must stand
onto the retina, where would the 2 m away.
focus for a beam of blue light fall? D. Paragraph 4, and you must stand
A. In front of the retina. 10 m away.
B. On the retina.
C. Behind the retina.
D. Both in front of and behind the
retina.
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154. The figure shows a cross section 156. A cat’s eye, adapted for seeing at
of the Hubble Space Telescope night, has a larger pupil than a
(HST) (length 13.1 m and diameter human eye and a much larger lens.
4.3 m). Light comes in from the right The resolution for a cat’s eye,
and is focused by the primary mirror however, is not better than that of a
(focal length 13 m). The focus is human eye, which is almost
directed by a secondary mirror into diffraction limited. Which of the
detection apparatus (not shown). The following is a possible explanation
perimeter of the mirror is a circle for the lack of resolution in a cat’s
whose diameter is 2.4 m. if the HST eye?
is used for viewing galaxies in A. The larger pupil allows more
visible light, which of the following light to enter the eye.
gives an estimate for the best B. The larger pupil restricts the
resolution we could hope for? amount of directional
information entering the eye.
C. The large lens introduces
chromatic aberration.
D. The large lens introduces
spherical aberration.
A. 2 x 10-7 radians
B. 0.045 radians
C. 0.09 radians
D. 0.18 radians
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163. If a sodium ion is at Point A, in 167. If the flow rate of gas through an
what direction would it experience a electrostatic precipitator is 100 m3/s,
force? what would be the electrical current
A. Right through the device?
B. Left A. 0 amps
C. Up B. 10-2 amps
D. Down C. 0.8 amps
D. 3 x 104 amps
164. If a C12H18O2 molecule is at point
A, in what direction would it 168. Which of the following best
experience a force? represents the electric field lines in
A. Right the cylinder?
B. Left
C. Up
D. Down
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