HEALTHCARE IN

PAKISTAN

Sanaa Aslam
Msc. DPH Student
Kings’ College London
Nov2012
 COUNTRY PROFILE

U.S. CENSUS BEAUREU . International database [online] . Available.

http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/region.php?N=%20Results%20&T=13&A=separate&RT=0&Y=2012&R=-1&C=PK
[Accessed].
 COUNTRY PROFILE

WHO 2007. Health Systems Profile-Pakistan. World Health Organisation-Regional Office for the
Eastern Mediterranean (WHO/EMRO).
 ORAL HEALTH

• Mean DMFT score- National

Age (yrs) Decayed Missing Filled ( F ) DMFT
(D) (M)
12 1.01 0.18 0.04 1.23
15 1.44 0.36 0.14 1.94
35-44 4.64 2.93 0.45 8.02
65+ 4.44 12.85 0.44 17.73
• 50% of children 12-15 years are caries free, 97% of all carious
lesions remain untreated

BILLIE,K., ASLAM, M. Oral Health in Pakistan: A situation analysis [online].

Available: http://www.fdiworldental.org [Accessed].
 ORAL HEALTH
• Poor periodontal condition
• Percentage of individuals with CPITN score-National
Age Healthy Bleeding Calculus Periodontal Periodontal Excluded
(yrs) (score0) (score1) (score2) Pocket 4- Pocket> 6mm
5mm (score4)
(score3)
12 28.10% 33.70% 20.90% 0.60% 0.10% 16.60%
15 26.50% 27.60% 28.70% 1.60% 1.10% 14.50%
35-44 16.80% 22.50% 33.90% 10.20% 6.70% 9.90%
65+ 6.20% 6.30% 31.40% 17.90% 17% 20.40%

BILLIE,K., ASLAM, M. Oral Health in Pakistan: A situation analysis

[online]. Available: http://www.fdiworldental.org [Accessed].
 ORAL HEALTH
• Prosthesis requirements
Age 65+, 65% require a prosthesis
Age35-44,30% require a prosthesis
• Enamel fluorosis
69% of examined population had no fluorosis
• Oral Cancer
Tobacco use, men 34% and women 12%
Oral cancer 5 year prevalance: men 17133, women 19556
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM:
ORGANISATION

TERTIARY
FACILITIES

SECONDARY CARE:
Tertiary health quarters,
District health quarters

PRIMARY CARE:
first level healthcare facilities e.g. basic
health units, rural health units, dispensaries
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM: DELIVERY
 RESOURCES & FINANCING
• 1978, primary health care was integrated in the entire
system
• 972 hospitals, 4842 dispensaries, 5374 basic health
units, 909 maternity and child health care centers
• 149,201 doctors, 10,958 dentists, 73,244 nurses
• Population and health facilities ratio: 1,206 persons per
doctor, 16,426 persons per dentist and 1,665 persons
per hospital bed

• Two principle modes of financing

– Out of pocket fee based
– General taxation
 ORAL HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
• Public and private
• Public oral healthcare system is integrated in
the general health care system
• Financing and fee structure:
Public: govt. taxation and fee per item
Private: out of pocket, private insurance
arrangements, fee per item and/or fee per hour
 DENTAL CARE PROFESSIONALS
Number of dental surgeons in Pakistan
PROVINCE MALE FEMALE TOTAL
PUNJAB/FEDERA 1167 806 1973
L AREA
SINDH 902 837 1739
KPK 548 256 804
BALOCHISTAN 109 31 140
AZAD KASHMIR 105 43 148
FOREIGN 237 67 304
NATIONALS
TOTAL 3068 2040 5108

• 15-20 Dental hygienists in two institutes

• 800 Lab. Technicians
• 40,000 + un-qualified dental practitioners (quacks)
• 0 Dental nurses and therapists
 FUNCTIONS & TARGET
POPULATIONS
• Preventive programs
• Community outreach programs
• Restorative services
• Surgical services
• Public oral healthcare system:
basic and cost effective interventions, for everyone
• Private oral healthcare system:
high quality delivery of cost effective interventions for
everyone