November 27th, 2018 @qualcomm_tech RCR Wireless

Webinar

How do we plan for 5G NR

network deployments
coming in 2019?
Manish Tripathi
Vice President, ESG
Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
Agenda

Making 5G NR a Deploying 5G NR Supporting new Questions?

commercial reality for outdoor networks mobile experiences
Networks and devices in 2019 Sub-6 GHz and mmWave with mmWave
Venues and enterprises

2
A unifying connectivity fabric
for future innovations
Like electricity, you will Scalable to
extreme simplicity
just expect it everywhere

Ultra-low
latency

Virtually
Extreme
unlimited
reliability capacity
On-device
intelligence

3
 Global ecosystem is accelerating 5G NR deployments
A comparison with the global 4G transition

December 2008 December 2009 Sep-Dec 2010 February 2011 November 2012 April 2013
3GPP completed First live commercial LTE First commercial LTE First Android smartphone First LTE networks First commercial LTE
LTE Release 8 network1 for dongles networks in US2 / Germany3 launched in US4 launched in the UK5 deployment in China

1.5+ years
2+ years
4+ years

1 By TeliaSonera in Sweden and Norway; 2 September 2010 by MetroPCS in two markets, December 2010 by Verizon in 38 markets; 3 Vodafone Germany in 2 markets; 4 Samsung Galaxy Indulge; 5 EE in 5 cities

5G NR NSA spec. 5G NR NSA launches (US) expected in Dec’18

completed in Dec’17 ~1 year from
5G NR smartphones supporting sub-6/mmWave expected in 1H’19 standards to
5G NR SA spec. 5G NR SA launches (China) expected to start in 2H’19 commercialization
completed in Jun’18 4
Making 5G NR mmWave a
commercial reality in 2019

Industry-leading Interoperable End-to-end Network Interoperability Qualcomm® Commercial 5G

R&D global system and system testing and Snapdragon™ NR mmWave
standards prototypes simulations field trials X50 5G modem networks
& QTM052 RFFE and products

Qualcomm Snapdragon and QTM052 are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 5
World’s first 5G NR milestones led by Qualcomm

November 2017
World’s first interoperable
5G NR sub-6 GHz data
connection
December 2017
World’s first interoperable
5G NR mmWave data
connection
February 2018
Successful multi-band 5G
NR interoperability testing
MWC 2018 June 2018 2H-2018
Rel-15 5G NR trials based on
Snapdragon X50 modem chipset
and QTM052 antenna modules
Interoperable 5G NR sub-6 5G NR interoperability
GHz & mmWave testing preparing for the
connections with 5 vendors Chinese mass market

Driving the 5G ecosystem towards 2019 launches in collaboration with

18+ global mobile network operators and 20+ device manufacturers
6
 Multi-Gigabit over mmWave on 5G NR Interoperability and field trials Providing Qualcomm Reference Design
working Snapdragon X50 silicon using form factor mobile test device to accelerate commercial devices

1.24 4.51
First 5G NR First 5G NR
mmWave Sub 6 GHz
over-the-air over-the-air
data call, with data call, with
Ericsson Ericsson

October, 2017 February, 2018 2H 2018 Sept 2018 Oct 2018 1H 2019

World’s first
5G NR modems
5G NR standards compliant

Sub-6 + mmWave

5G Modem family Premium-tier

smartphones in 2019 7
Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
QTM052 5G mmWave
antenna module
Rapid miniaturization of mmWave modules to
bring 5G smartphones to the World in 2019

Previous New

Qualcomm 5G NR reference
8
design (partially assembled state)
Deploying 5G NR
for outdoor
networks

9
Defining 5G NR coverage by co-siting with existing LTE
Drone
communications

Public safety /
Existing LTE New 5G NR mmWave Emergency
deployments nx10 Gigabit 5G services

New 5G NR Sub-6 GHz, Private LTE

and LTE coverage networks Digital broadcast
Gigabit LTE nx1 Gigabit 5G
VoLTE LTE IoT
Ubiquitous LTE Automotive
(C-V2X)
Gigabit LTE, VoLTE

LTE provides ubiquitous Gigabit LTE is here now and LTE IoT, private LTE, C-V2X
coverage and essential delivers a virtually seamless are expanding to new
services like VoLTE 5G mobile experience industries today
10
 Non-Standalone (NSA) Standalone (SA)
stepping stone to new core for new core benefits
4G Evolved New 5G Next
Packet Core Gen Core

4G Radio 5G mmWave NR 5G sub-6GHz 5G mmWave

Network and/or sub-6GHz

Data + control Data only Data and control

over 4G LTE link over 5G NR link over 5G NR link
Dual connectivity Carrier Aggregation

Fast-to-launch | VoLTE & CS voice NFV and SDN | VoNR & fallback to VoLTE

11
5G NR massive MIMO enables the use of higher mid-band
E.g., Co-siting 3.5 GHz with existing lower-band LTE infrastructure
Exploit 3D beamforming with
up to 256 antenna elements Enhanced reference
signals1 improve
Mitigate UL coverage
massive MIMO
with 5G NR massive
operations
MIMO + HPUE4

5G NR co-located with
existing LTE macro sites

Enabled through an advanced 5G NR end-to-end massive MIMO design (network and device)
Optimized design for TDD Enhanced CSI-RS3 Advanced, high-spatial New features, such as
reciprocity procedures design and reporting resolution codebook supporting CoMP5
utilizing UL SRS2 mechanism up to 256 antennas

1. SRS and CSI-RS 2. Sounding Reference Signal. 3. Channel State Information Reference Signal; 4. High-Power User Equipment (HPUE) Tx power gains; 5. Coordinated Multi-Point 12
Deployment of active Massive MIMO delivers
antenna systems for 3.5 GHz significant capacity gains
Active antenna system performance depends on:
# of supported sync. Users Infrastructure
Recommending
& reference signals1 distribution implementation 128x2 massive
MIMO configuration

Key considerations include:

# of elements: more elements enable better beamforming
but tradeoff with cost/weight 7.9x
Square-shape: supporting horizontal & vertical traffic 6.4x
distribution 5.1x
4.0x
Inter-beam overlap impacts MU-MIMO

Recommendations: 1x

Massive MIMO with 128x2 elements with configuration of 4T4R 8T8R 16T16R 32T32R 64T64R
(SU-MIMO) Beamforming and MU-MIMO gains
8(h) x 16(v) x 2(x-pol.) for urban, dense urban deployments

Note: Chart shows benefits of beamforming gains by adding more analog RF ports, not array gains (antenna
1. SSB: Synchronization Signal Blocks and CSI-RS: Channel State Information Reference Signal used is an array of 128x2 elements for all scenarios) 13
Collaborating with global operators to predict coverage
For 5G NR sub-6 GHz and mmWave

Defining geographic Establishing link budget Predicting 5G NR

maps and site locations and RF propagation model coverage
Selecting dense urban areas of Developing link budget for a Using a commercial planning
global cities that experience target cell edge spectral tool to model 5G NR coverage
high mobile traffic efficiency and performance

14
5G NR coverage prediction methodology
Use of link budget & RF planning tool

Actual
Tx & Rx Propagation & Sites & Terrain & Measurements
Inputs Other Losses Antennas Building Data

Validation

Signal strength
Link budget MAPL Planning Tool prediction Coverage
Development Fading or other losses Setup SINR & spectral Prediction
efficiency estimation

Determine MAPL Project Setup Path Loss to

& Inputs Meet MAPL

15
 3.5 GHz

99% 99% 98%

Downlink
Coverage % 70% 67%
Simulations based on
over-the-air testing and
channel measurements 45%

Outdoor Indoor Outdoor Indoor Outdoor Indoor

Korea City 1 Japan City 1 Europe City 1

Site density
(per km2) 41 28 20
Assuming minimum spectral efficiency of 0.3 bps/Hz over 100 MHz = ~30 Mbps at cell edge; With LTE, outdoor/indoor coverage for Korea city :100%/96%, Japan city 100%/87%, Europe city 100%/80%

Significant 5G NR 3.5 GHz outdoor & indoor coverage

Co-siting 5G NR with existing outdoor LTE cell sites — opportunity to density indoors
16
Model tuning needed to accurately predict coverage / SINR
Allows accurate beamforming and MU-MIMO estimations at 3.5 GHz

Legend (dB)
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
-120

Default model without tuning Tuned model for 3.5 GHz

Mean error: -1.15 dB Mean error: 0 dB
Error sigma: 5.73 dB Error sigma: 3.34 dB
17
Impact of deploying sparse 5G NR in the 3.5 GHz band
Non-co-located LTE/NR may cause near-far effect requiring additional optimization
3.5 GHz
Downlink 99% 99% 97%
Coverage %

74% 70%

51%

Outdoor Indoor Outdoor Indoor Outdoor Indoor

Analyzing a dense urban cluster
with optimization of site azimuths Higher density Medium density Lower density
as site density is reduced Site density
(per km2) 56.7 29.8 14.9

Out-to-out coverage is minorly impacted with reduction in sites

Out-to-in coverage is more impacted — opportunity to densify indoors
18
Rich media and entertainment for
outdoor — augmenting lower bands
More indoor capacity as outdoor
mmWave offloads outdoor lower bands 5G NR mmWave
will support new
and enhanced
mobile experiences
Massive bandwidth for Virtually lag-less experiences Dense indoor & outdoor
• Fiber-like data speeds
cloud computing — e.g., multiplayer gaming connectivity for venues • Low latency for real-time interactivity
• Massive capacity for unlimited data
• Lower cost per bit

New indoor opportunities — Fiber-like broadband to the Beyond smartphones

19
e.g., connected enterprises home — fixed mmWave — e.g., smart manufacturing
A system approach to the mobile mmWave challenge

1 2 3 4 5
Cutting-edge Prototyping while Advanced network and Broad interoperability Leading modem and
R&D driving standards system simulations testing and trials RFFE solutions
Overcoming numerous Validating mobile 5G Accurately predicting Fully leveraging prototype Announced the Qualcomm®
challenges to make NR mmWave mmWave coverage, capacity, systems and our leading Snapdragon™ X50 5G
mmWave viable for technologies, feedback performance using real global network experience modem family & QTM052
mobile use cases loop to standards network models antenna module

Qualcomm Snapdragon and QTM052 are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 20
 N-lawn pathloss versus distance
Measuring 5G NR mmWave PL Freespace
Propagation model:
free space path loss
PL Measured
Measured: LOS
Measured: NLOS

propagation characteristics
140

At Qualcomm San Diego campus 130

120

Pathloss [dB]
110

100

90

80

70
5 50 500
Distance [m]

For line-of-sight (LOS), measured pathloss closely

follow propagation model
For non-line-of-sight (NLOS1), measured pathloss
shows variations → requiring accurate 3D maps
1. NLOS measurements are at locations experiencing varying obstructions (foliage, body) and reflection losses 21
Accurately predicting 5G NR mmWave coverage
Map of existing LTE sites 3D model of buildings 3D model of foliage
Example: San Francisco

Utilizing geographically Co-siting with 4G LTE sites Establishing baseline with

accurate 3D models in service today potential to improve
2m x 2m resolution with accurate and up- Macro/small cell sites are used, including No additional sites used in simulations (e.g.,
to-date information on buildings/foliage exact antenna height/orientation outdoor Wi-Fi) that can further improve coverage
22
 26 / 28 GHz 39 GHz

Downlink 75% 76%

72%
69%
Uplink 64% 62% 62%
65%
57%
Coverage % 46%
52% 53% 52%

40% 41% 41%

Co-siting with LTE
33%
30%

Median Downlink
2.2 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.4 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.0 Gbps 2.2 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 1.2 Gbps
Burst Rate (Gbps)
US City 1 US City 2 Korean City 1 Hong Kong Japan City 1 Russia City 1 Europe City 1 US City 1 US City 2

Site density Total 48 36 41 39 28 26 28 48 36

(per km2) 0 8 33 39 28 26 7 0 8
Macro
Small 48 28 8 0 0 0 21 48 28
Simulations assumptions: Based on MAPL (maximum allowable path loss) analysis with ray tracer propagation model and city/area specific models; minimum 0.4 bps/Hz and 0.2 bps/Hz for downlink data and control, out-to-out coverage only;
Using 800 MHz DL bandwidth and 100 MHz uplink bandwidth with 7:1 DL:UL TDD

Significant 5G NR mmWave outdoor coverage via co-siting

Simulations based on over-the-air testing and channel measurements
23
VoLTE remains to be the 5G voice solution for many years

Example VoLTE adoption

timeline in the US

VoLTE Test Lab/interoperability Field LTE network Device Friendly Initial Network-wide Commercial network Continue improvements to
requirements1 specifications testing trials optimizations certification user trials launches launches optimization2 address increased demand

1 — 1.5 years from 6 — 9 months to 3 to 6 months to >1 year to address commercial

specifications to field trials user trials network wide launch market challenges

1 Including device, RAN, and IMS; 2 Improving accessibility, retainability, voice quality;

Voice over 5G NR is expected to follow similar standardization

to commercialization timeline as VoLTE
24
Supporting new
mobile experiences
with mmWave

25
 Extending 5G NR mmWave
to indoors for new and
enhanced experiences
Complementing Wi-Fi deployments

Venues
Conventions, event halls, concerts, stadiums, etc.
Bringing multi-Gigabit, low-latency, and
virtually unlimited capacity

Supporting devices beyond smartphones

— tablets, always-connected laptops, XR

Leveraging existing infrastructure — Wi-Fi

or cellular — by co-siting small cells

Enterprises
Offices, shop floors, meeting rooms, auditoriums, etc. 26

Rich media and interactive entertainment
Following your favorite player on the field
Wireless screens virtually everywhere
5G NR mmWave
for dense venue
New levels of social sharing
deployments
Multi-Gigabit speeds with
virtually unlimited capacity
Personalized experiences
exclusively at the venue
Personalized on-demand instant replays
New monetization opportunities
during and after the event
Easy and secure access over
carrier networks
Watching the event from virtually any seat 27
5G NR mmWave is suitable for venue deployments
For example: using the 28 GHz band

• Better antenna directivity • No in-building penetration losses

• Higher spectral efficiency • Rain & foliage attenuation is not a factor
• Superior beamforming • Signal decay likely not significant for short ranges

Excellent capacity Typical mmWave coverage

solution challenges not of major concern

* Comparing to typical LTE deployments

28
 Predicting 5G NR mmWave coverage for
Deploying 5G NR mmWave
Music Concert Venue for dense outdoor venues
based on actual venue layout and network model

5G-NR 16

LTE 38

0 10 20 30 40
SECTORS

95% 10x 233Mbps 100x

Outdoor Increase Median burst Improvement in
coverage1 in capacity2 rate2 throughput2

• Leveraging existing LTE infrastructure that includes LAA small

cells for Gigabit LTE
• Initial deployments can deliver significantly higher capacity even
with fewer sectors (i.e., mmWave at a subset of LTE sites)
• Enabling new mobile experiences powered by multi-Gbps
throughput and ultra-low latency
1 Cell edge defined as 0.4 bps/Hz
2 Comparing Gigabit LTE using 50 MHz spectrum with an initial 5G-NR mmWave deployment using 800 MHz spectrum 29
and 7:1 DL-UL configuration and 10% 5G-NR capable device penetration
 Enterprise networks:
Next level of untethering— Instant cloud applications, 5G NR mmWave + Wi-Fi
the mobile office of future instant cloud storage access
Always connected laptops and tablets1

Multi-Gigabit speeds with virtually unlimited

capacity

Extreme capacity for heavy Connect to projectors/screens

use areas—conference room with immersive content Reuse licensed spectrum— in-/outside
mmWave isolation

Private 5G NR indoor network with cellular

grade security

Complemented with Beyond laptops: Augmented

outdoor connectivity and virtual reality (XR) 1) Requires network connectivity; 2) Expected coverage in typical office environments,
actual coverage and performance depends on propagation and deployment. 30
5G NR mmWave
boosts performance in
Enterprise networks

Downlink/uplink coverage
comparable to Wi-Fi with 1:1
or partial co-site
Total Area: ~27.6k ft2

Realize multi-Gigabit burst rate

with wider bandwidths Existing Wi-Fi access point locations — co-sited with 5G NR mmWave antenna locations
(e.g., 800 MHz)

Complete coverage at 28 GHz1 at Qualcomm headquarters

Complement indoor Wi-Fi
deployments ▪ ~98% Downlink coverage with 1:1 co-siting
▪ ~99% Uplink coverage with 1:1 co-siting
▪ 5 Gbps downlink median burst rate3
Coverage simulation based on MAPL (maximum allowable path loss) analysis
with ray tracer propagation model and measured material and propagation
loss; minimum 0.4/0.1 bps/Hz for downlink/uplink data and control; 2 Maximum
Allowable Path Loss; DL: 115 dB, UL 117 dB 3 Using 800 MHz DL bandwidth
and 100 MHz uplink bandwidth with 7:1 DL:UL TDD 31
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