Magyar cím

Jellyfish

Narrátor 00:03 The ocean, a vast body of water that covers 71% of
the Earth's surface yet more than 95% of the
underwater world remains unexplored. The ocean
supports the life of 50 percent of all the species on
earth sustaining that life by providing 20 percent of
all the animal protein. Many creatures live in these
waters. One creature is the jellyfish.

00:30 Fascinating elegant and mysterious to watch in the

water. Take a jellyfish out of the water and it
becomes a much less fascinating block. This is
because jellyfish are about 95 percent water lacking a
head and brain a skeleton and blood as well as many
special organs for respiration and excretion. Jellyfish
are pretty simple creatures.

Felirat 00:59 Ingestion & Excretion

Narrátor 01:01 The jellyfish is carnivorous and hunts its prey either
actively or passively depending on the species and
swimming abilities. On the underside of its body is
an opening which serves as a mouth as well as an
opening to expel waste matter from the body. It is a
weird fact that jellyfish expels waste from the same
place as it ingests food. This mouth directly opens
into a gastrovascular cavity which serves as a
stomach where the food is digested. Most jellyfish
drift in the ocean with their tentacles spread out to
gather food.

01:43 Some jellies like the box jellyfish are known to be

good swimmers and will actively chase their prey but
in all types of jellyfish the main apparatus for
gathering or capturing food are the tentacles. These
tentacles are armed with venom which immobilizes
their prey. The jellyfish has a number of arms around
its mouth. these old arms will bring the trapped food
to the opening for ingestion. The gastrovascular
cavity will directly receive this food and start
adjusting it with its gastric dermal lining. The
nutrients of the food are then passed along to the
various tissues of the body. The waste is then
excreted through the same opening which sinks to the
ocean floor where it fertilizes the ocean so that new
life can grow.

Felirat 02:41 Reproduction

Narrátor 02:42 Jellyfish reproductive biology is not well studied.
The best-studied genus is Aurilia and that information
will be presented here.
There are separate sexes male and female though
these are not easily distinguished by sight.
Reproduction begins when the male releases sperm
through its mouth into the surrounding water. These
swim to the female where they enter her central oral
cavity to reach the eggs. Once fertilized the zygotes
emerge onto the oral arms to develop for a time
becoming larvae which settle on the bottom of the
ocean.
The resulting polyp begins to bud asexually releasing
free-swimming Medusa which then go on to develop
into adult.

03:41 Some other cnidarians live solely as polyps or as

Medusa and do not alternate between these two
phases the way that already it does, and eventually
death occurs.