Media Veteriner 1995. Vol.

II (1) Catatan ilmiah

NILAI HEhpATQWGI RUSA SAMBAR (Cewus ruriodur)

l,T$WG DITANGURKAN i
~,i?&'!~
HAEMATOLOGICAL VALUES FOR CAPTIVE SAMBAR QBER
(Ccrvus u M )

G. SEMIADI P.RWILSON 2, P.D.MUIR 3 and T.N.BARRY 4

Nke Wne young (10-14 months of age)housed sambar, wnsisted of's stags
and 4 hi&, were blood sampled in May 1992 (late autumn) and September 1992
{early spring) using physical restraiDt without sedation. In May 1992, four semi-
damtfsicated adult sqmbr stags in hard antler, managed at pasture, were sd&d
using a mixafit of x y 1 h hydrochloride (Rompun, Bayer, NZ) and feotany1
citrate-azaperone (Fen- Ethnor Pty.Ltd. North Ryde, Australia), at a ratio of 3:1,
adnhktered by a tranquillizer dart (Paxanns Ltd, Timaru, NZ) and were blood
sampled. AU samples were analyzed for standard haematdogid analysis (IWI et
al. 1992).

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

MeansaadmngmofdataarepresentadbasedonsexandmeQhodofrestratOt
fbr sarnpCt cc4kdw (unsedated v. dated). No statistical analysis of data were
umdwted because ofthe small number of samples.
 RESULTS
Mean haamglobin (Hb),packed d v o l 0 ~ and plasma protein
concentrations h unsedated hinds (housed) were slightly hi* than in unsedated
stags o, but &ere was no apparent d i f h a c e between time of collection
(Table 1). Mba~white Mood cell(WBC) cwnts of fiinds and stags were similar and
mean raonocyte, e o s ~ and l hmphd counts ware amsistady low. Data for
other meast~rematswere similar for both sexes at both samphg periods.

Table 1. Ekematological values frotn unsedated young housed sambar in

New ZGahnd(stags n=5;hinds A).

st%g Hinh
Mean Mean
RBC(X 1 0 ~ ~ / l ) 9.2 8.5-9.9 9.9 9.8-10
Hb 12.6
PCV 0.4
MCHC 31.7
MCH 13.8
MCV 43
Pla?maprotein 83
WBC ( X 10911) 4.6
~ ~ t m p t (Xu l109~) 1.5
Neutrophi].(%) 31.8
LrcsaoCyte(~10~11) 3.0
LyrnQ,- (%J 66
Mowcyte(xl0 A) 0.01
hihemKleyee (%I 0.25
~osinaphil (X lo94 0.08
Eosinophil (%) 1.75
BnsopM (x 109/3) 0.01
Basqhit(%) , ' 0.25

The Hb and WBC concentrations from sedated adult sambar stags

(padddc-mkd) wen: marginally lower than those of housed stags (Table 2). The
eol9iaopM counts in the baddock-raised deer were five-fold greater than for housed
deer.
Hwmbbgical data presented here do not differ greatty &om data of Slee
and Presidente (1981) from wild shot sambar. It is notable that the Hb
cmcentration and associated parmeters of sambar are similar to those of rusa
( h d i g e 1992) aad 4 deer (Wilson and P d 1986). White blwd cell c~urrtsof
'sambar in this study are s h i h to taunts repmtd d h in this sp~ies
(Chapman 1977; Slee- and Presidente 1981). The mean eosinophil count in
paddock-raid stags was five times that of deer Moors. This may have been due
to intiernal parasite burdens, rr?brougb monitoring showed f8ac;rt larval and cgg
counts fUom caadom samples ofthe h i over a h y e a r period to be consistently
Table 2. Haemdogical values from semidomestid adult -bar
stags sedatedusing a mixture of xylazine-entanyl citrate-
amprone in New Zealand (n=4).

Mean
Hb $/dl 12.0 10.3-12.6
PCVM 0.39 033-0.41
MCHC g/d ' 31.1 30.8-31.4
WBC lo9d 3.2 1.2-4.4
NW- (& lo9h 2.3 0.96-3.52
Neutrophil (%j 70.5 48-80
~ylllphocya 10% 0.65 0.23-1.31
21.3 11-41
L-pl"d n o o
~oaiibil lo9~ 0.30 0.12-0.56
7.3 1-14
0.035 0-0.06
Ebsq3hil(%) 1.o 0-2
Plasma protein gA 85.0 80-88

zero (Semiadi 1993). The red blood cell (RBC) counts, Hb and PCV were slightly
higher. in hinds in this study. A similar difference was observed in chital (CBappk
1989), but in rusa RBC counts wtre higher in stags (Audige 1992). Many of these
apparent differences are probably influenced by a wide range of f b x s which
a@& the d p d a of blood 4physiology. The sedative drugs used fior netraint
of semidomesticated stags may have reduced Hb concentration when compared
ling by physical rrtstraint alone, as has becn shown in other deer species
& G s et al. 1992). However, this affect appears to have been minimal when
compared with the ~~deer.
Lh *

The need for a more oomplete set of re&- d u e s will & as the
number of farmed =bar increases. It will be necessary to assess these values in a
range of envhnmmts sinoe values qorded in a non-tropical environment may be
different from those raoMBed ia their natt've tropical environment.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .
We &a& Kam Burke for her technical skill during blood sampling.
A@meadt provid#l financial assistance. G. Semiacli received scbolanehip support
from the Govlenrment af Indonesia and from the New ZeataM1 Mbistry of Foreign
Affkirs and Trade.

REFERENCES

Audige, L. 1992. Haematological values of rusa deer (Cmus ~ r e n s i rusa)

s in
New CaleQnia. Australia Veterimy Journal 69: 265-268.

Chapman, D.F. 1977. Haematology of the deer. h Comparative Clinical

Ibmakology (Eds. R.K. Archer and L.B. Jeffcm). Blackwell Scientific
Publicadion. Melbourne. pp. 345-364.

Chappk, R. S. 1989. The biology and behaviour of chital deer (Axis axis) in
captivity. PhD thesis. University of Sydney. Sydney. Australia.

Cross, J.P.,Frank, J., Griffin, T. and Mackintosh, C.G. 1992. Influenct of xylazine
011 values in fanned red deer. The Biology of Deer (Ed. R.D.
m-ger-Verlag Publication. New York. pp. 136-140.

Hill, F.L, Death, A.F., Wyeth, T.K.,Budding, L. and Vautier, J. 1992.

E h m & h g y and biochemistry reference values for clinically normal swamp
Buffdo ( B ~ M ububafdb
s B UJournal
~ 8: 57-63.

Semiadi, G. 1993. The domestication and nutrition of sambas deer (Cervus

unioolor); a comparative study witb red deer (Cervus elaphus). PhD thesis.
Massey University,Palmerston North.New Zealand.

Slee, K.J. and Presidente, P.J.A. 1981. Biological and pathDkrgical features of
sambat#@r in Y U Part 1. Haenmtdogy, Biochmim and Serology.
A u s h & i & mQ: 7-14.

Wilson, P.R. d"bpulli, J.V.1986. Blood constituents of farmed red deer (Cervus
us); I. bematological values. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 30:
174-176.