Cálculos Torre de Enfriamiento

tG2=30ºC
tw2=27ºC
tL2=32ºC λw2=582.388
𝐿
L=30
𝑚𝑖𝑛

Pop=585mmHg

tG1=26ºC
tw1=19ºC

tL1=27ºC

Constantes de Antoine

A=5.11564
B=1687.537
C=230.13

Ecuación de Antoine

𝐵
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑃𝑤 = 𝐴 − = 𝑏𝑎𝑟
𝑡𝑤 + 𝐶

19 − 21.1 19 − 15.6
𝜆𝑤1 = 588.85 [ ] + 585.70 [ ]
15.6 − 21.1 21.1 − 15.6
𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝜆𝑤1 = 586.9027
ℎ

27 − 32.2 27 − 26.7
𝜆𝑤2 = 582.54 [ ] + 579.39 [ ]
26.7 − 32.2 32.2 − 26.7
𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝜆𝑤2 = 582.368
ℎ
De la ecuación de Antoine encontrar Pw
1687.573 760𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
𝑃𝑤1 = 105.11564−27+230.13 ( )
1.01325𝑏𝑎𝑟

𝑃𝑤1 = 17.0739𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
1687.573 760𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
𝑃𝑤2 = 105.11564−27+230.13 ( )
1.01325𝑏𝑎𝑟

𝑃𝑤1 = 27.6784𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔

𝑃𝑤
𝑌′𝑤 = (0.622)
585 − 𝑃𝑤

17.0739mmHg
𝑌′𝑤1 = (0.622)
585𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 − 17.0739mmHg

𝑘𝑔𝐻2 𝑂
𝑌′𝑤1 = 0.03
𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

27.6784mmHg
𝑌′𝑤2 = (0.622)
585𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 − 27.6784mmHg

𝑘𝑔𝐻2 𝑂
𝑌′𝑤2 = 0.03089
𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

𝑌′𝑤 𝜆𝑤 − 0.24(𝑡𝐺 − 𝑡𝑤 )
𝑌′ =
𝜆 − 0.45(𝑡𝐺 − 𝑡𝑤 )

0.03(586.9027) − 0.24(26 − 19)

𝑌′1 =
586.9026 − 0.45(26 − 19)

𝑘𝑔𝐻2 𝑂
𝑌′1 = 0.02783
𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

0.03(582.368) − 0.24(30 − 27)

𝑌′2 =
582.368 − 0.45(30 − 27)

𝑘𝑔𝐻2 𝑂
𝑌′2 = 0.02972
𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒
 𝑃𝐴
𝑌′ = (0.622)
𝑃𝑇 − 𝑃𝐴

Despejar 𝑃𝐴

𝑘𝑔𝐻2 𝑂 𝑃𝐴1
0.02783 = (0.622)
𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒 585 − 𝑃𝐴1

𝑃𝐴1 = 25.05𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔

𝑘𝑔𝐻2 𝑂 𝑃𝐴2
0.02973 = (0.622)
𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒 587 − 𝑃𝐴2

𝑃𝐴2 = 26.68597𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
𝐵 760𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
𝐴−
𝑃𝑉 = 10 𝑡𝐺 +𝐶 ( )
1.01325𝑏𝑎𝑟
1687.537 760𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
𝑃𝑉1 = 105.11564−26+230.17 ( )
1.01325𝑏𝑎𝑟

𝑃𝑉1 = 25.0745𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
1687.537 760𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔
𝑃𝑉2 = 105.11564−30+230.17 ( )
1.01325𝑏𝑎𝑟

𝑃𝑉2 = 31.9585𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔

Rango

𝑡𝐿2 − 𝑡𝐿1 = (32 − 27)0 𝐶 = 5⁰𝐶

Acercamiento

𝑡𝐿1 − 𝑡𝐺1 = (31 − 26)0 𝐶 = 5⁰𝐶

Carga térmica

𝑄 = 𝐿̅𝐶𝑝(𝑡𝐿2 − 𝑡𝐿1 )

𝐿 1𝑚3 𝑘𝑔 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑘𝑔
𝐿̅ = 30 ( ) (1000 3 ) (60 ) = 1800
𝑚𝑖𝑛 1000𝐿 𝑚 ℎ ℎ
 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄 = (1800 ) (1 ) (5⁰𝐶)
ℎ 𝑘𝑔⁰𝐶

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
𝑄 = 9000
ℎ
Approach:

𝑡𝐿1 − 𝑡𝑤1 = (27 − 19)0 𝐶 = 8⁰𝐶

Entalpias del aire

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐺 = (0.24 + 0.45𝑌 ′ )𝑡𝐺 + 597.66𝑌 ′ =
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐺1 = (0.24 + 0.45(0.02783))(26) + 597.66(0.02783) =
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐺1 = 23.3636
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐺2 = (0.24 + 0.45(0.02972))(30) + 597.66(0.02972) =
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐺2 = 25.3636
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

Gasto del aire

𝑄
̅̅̅𝑇̅ =
𝐺
̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐺2 − ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐺1

𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
9000
̅𝐺̅̅𝑇̅ = ℎ
𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
(25.3636 − 23.3636)
𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒

𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒
̅𝐺̅̅𝑇̅ = 4500
ℎ
Masa evaporada

̅̅̅𝑇̅(𝑌′2 − 𝑌′1 )
𝑀𝐸 = 𝐺

𝑀𝐸 = 4500(0.02927 − 0.02783)
 𝑘𝑔𝐻2 𝑂
𝑀𝐸 = 6.48
ℎ
Porciento de humedad (%𝑌𝑅 )

𝑃𝐴
%𝑌𝑅 = 100
𝑃𝑉

25.05
%𝑌𝑅1 = 100 = 78.3829%
31.9585
26.28
%𝑌𝑅2 = 100 = 83.98%
31.9585
Gasto volumétrico de Aire Real:

∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝜐𝑖 ∗ 𝐴
𝐺̅𝑉𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 = 𝐷𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒: 𝐴 = 0.2025𝑚2
𝑛
𝑚
(5.2 + 2.9 + 1.0 + 2.0 + 2.9 + 3.3)
𝜐𝑇𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 = 𝑠 = 2.8833 𝑚
6 𝑠

𝑚 𝑚3
𝐺̅𝑉𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 = (2.8833 ) ∗ (0.2025𝑚2 ) = 0.5839
𝑠 𝑠
1 𝑎𝑡𝑚
𝑃 585𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔 ( ) 𝑚3
760 𝑚𝑚𝑑𝑒𝐻𝑔
𝐺𝑆̅ 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 = ∗ (𝐺̅𝑉𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 ) = ∗ (0.5839 )
𝑅∗𝑇 𝑎𝑡𝑚 ∗ 𝑚3 𝑠
(0.082057 ) ∗ ((22 + 273.15)𝐾)
𝐾𝑚𝑜𝑙 ∗ 𝐾

𝐾𝑚𝑜𝑙 3600𝑠 𝐾𝑔 𝐴𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝐾𝑔 𝐴𝑖𝑟𝑒

𝐺𝑆̅ 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 = 0.01856 ∗( ) ∗ (28.97 ) = 1,935.6595
𝑠 1 ℎ𝑟 𝐾𝑚𝑜𝑙 ℎ𝑟

%Diferencia entre Gastos de Aire

𝐾𝑔 𝐴𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟𝑒
𝐺𝑆̅ 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 − 𝐺𝑇 1935.6595
ℎ𝑟
− 4500
ℎ ∗ (100) = %106.65
%𝐷𝑖𝑓 = ∗ (100) =
̅
𝐺𝑆𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝐾𝑔 𝐴𝑖𝑟𝑒
1935.6595
ℎ𝑟