Slide # 1

 Welcome everybody, it’s pleasure to represent ASAS contracting to you

as a national company working in oil and gas sector.
 ASAS is one of the companies that remained active in the oil & gas sector
during the crisis period.
 And considers the work done related to the rehabilitation of the oil and gas
facilities which were vandalized by the terrorist groups as a bright spot in
its professional career believing in the service of mother Syria and under
the guidance of its leader, Dr. Bashar al-assad.
 One of the most important work done by ASAS during the Syrian Crisis is
the rehabilitation of Al-Shaer field and Hayan petroleum company fields.
 Our presentation will be about the work of ASAS at Jihar Gas Treatment
Plant (HPC – GTP), and the modification of the main process to be able to
handle the raw gas with no rotary equipment, after carrying out
engineering, technical and scientific studies.

Slide # 2
 Hayan Petroleum company fields comprises Al-Mahr, Jazal, Mazrour,
Moustadira and Jihar fields.
 Al-Mahr wells flow to Satellite Gathering Station of Al-Mahr.
 Jazal wells flow to Either Jihar GTP or Jihar Stage II Station.
 Part of Jihar wells flow to Satellite Gathering Station of Jihar, and the
other wells flow to Jihar GTP or Jihar Stage II Station.
 All HPC Field Facilities were exposed to huge damage by armed terrorist
groups, which led to became out of service.
 ASAS role was to rehabilitate these facilities and bring them back to
service, starting from its participation in extinguishing fired wells,
installing X-trees, wellhead hook-up’s, flowlines and rehabilitating HPC
surface facilities.

Slide # 3
 As a result of the need to supply the national gas network with gas for
electricity generation, it was necessary to operate the repairable GTP units
to improve the gas specifications before sending it to SMAGP.
 ASAS & HPC technical staff started evaluating the damage in all GTP
units, which are Separation, Dehydration, Refrigeration and Fractionation
mainly.
 It turns out that the destruction ratio was 80 % of HPC GTP units:

 As you can see, this scene shows the huge damage in GTP units which are
presented in black color.
  Separation unit was partially damaged (part of its equipment are totally
damage, while the rest are partially damaged and could be rehabilitated).
 Dehydration, Refrigeration and Fractionation units were partially damaged
(their rotary equipment were totally damaged).

Slide # 4
 Carryout GTP Rehabilitation by national cadres as follows:
 Evaluate the damages.
 Review the original Process design of HPC GTP and amend it based on
the current status (asset damage & no power supply) that help to re-
operate GTP for enhancing the exported gas by modification of separation,
dehydration units and rehabilitate the related auxiliary units.
 Commence the construction based on results of the engineering studies.
 Carryout Pre-commissioning, Commissioning and Start-up.

 Initiate project plan (Time Schedule, Budget allocation & Resources).

 Commence the Detailed Engineering Study (Process, Mechanical,
Electrical, Instrumentation & Civil), after completion of the HAZOP
sessions taking into account replacing the destroyed critical facilities with
new ones despite of lack of recourses and sanction.
 Issuing the construction procedures and checklists to ensure execution of
the activities with safety & quality manners.
 So that we have achieved the optimum solution for gas/liquid separation
and gas dehydration for safe operation condition.

 ASAS engineering study takes into account the integration between HPC
GTP and Stage II unites to meet design objectives ( oil/gas separation and
gas dehydration) due to loss of equipment in GTP units.
 Dehydration unit is considered the main process facility in GTP to
enhance the gas specification for pipeline transportation in ASAS
Engineering Design Objective.

Water content in gas stream will lead to the followings:

 Hydrocarbon can combine with free water to form solid Hydrates.
 Produced water is very corrosive, specially in present of CO2 and/or H2S.
 Water can condense in the pipeline causing slug flow.
 Water vapor increase the volume and decrease the heating value of the gas.

 In order to illustrate the importance of the dehydration unit, we would like

to identify hydrate, hydrate structure and hydrate formation factor.
 Hydrate are solid compounds that form as crystals like snow.
 It is created by the reaction of natural gas with water.
 Hydrate formation factors are high pressure, free water, natural gas and
low temperature.

 In general there are 3 dehydration methods in gas treatment:

 Condensation (Refrigeration)
 Absorption (Glycol Unit)
 Adsorption (Mole Sieve unit)
 Our method is Adsorption (Mole Sieve unit) in HPC GTP as shown in the
process flow diagram, where gas stream coming from the separation unit
to dehydration unit through the two exchangers to reduce the gas
temperature to 27 °C then to inlet dehydration separator & filter then to
the super heater to raise the gas temperature 2 °C to avoid hydrocarbon
condensation then to Mole Sieve beds where the gas will enter from the
top of the beds (two in adsorption for 16 hours) the gas will leave from the
bottom to filter then to further treatment.
 Slip part of the dry gas will be compressed then heated to Regenerate the
third bed (one in regeneration for 8 hours) finally the regeneration gas will
be cooled in order to remove the water in the KOD then the gas will be
routed to U/S the dehydration unit once again.
 After the GTP was attacked, the following equipment were lost or became
out of service:
 V-2103 (MP Separator)
 V-2104 (LP Separator)
 E-2103 (MP Pre-heater)
 E-2501 (Gas/Gas Exchanger)
 E-2401 (Gas Chiller)
 C-2401 A/B (Regeneration Compressor)

 To overcome the equipment loss problems mentioned earlier and re-

operate the System once again, ASAS innovated an Engineering Solutions
for operating the dehydration unit as follows:
 To replace the destructive separators in the GTP, the separators at the
Stage II station were used to complete the separation process.
 In order to keep the dehydration unit within its operation envelope, a
bypass line for the dehydration unit was adopted.
 To obtain lower gas temperature at inlet dehydration unit, a piping
modification was adopted where gas outlet line of V-2102 (Test Separator)
has been routed to D/S cooler A-2101 A/B.
 To compensate the damaged regeneration gas compressor, new
modification (installation of control valves) has been done on gas
regeneration system.
 To increase export gas temperature & eliminate condensation in GTP
Pipeline, Exchanger E-2506 has been added to the system.
 This curve is drawn based on the results of HYSYS simulation for
different temperatures at upstream of the dehydration unit and is matching
with the graphic mentioned in GPSA after considering operating condition
of Hayan GTP.

 Using engineering calculations mentioned in the gas international

reference: Gas Processors & Suppliers Association (GPSA) and Aspen
HYSYS simulation.
 Process engineering study has recognized two cases, Winter case and
Summer case, as follows:
 Winter Case: Jihar fluids will be routed HP separator while Al-Mahr fluids
will be routed to Test separator then to D/S air cooler then to Dehydration
unit.
 Summer Case: five scenarios have been adopted.
 Scenario 1: All the inlet gas will be routed to HP separator then to
Dehydration unit.
 Scenario 2: Al-Mahr gas will be routed to downstream of HP
cooler via test separator and the remaining gas will be routed to HP
separator then to Dehydration unit.
 Scenario 3: As scenario 2, but part of Jihar gas will be diverted to
stage II to be dehydrated and exported.
 Scenario 4: As scenario 3, but dehydration unit cycle timing of the
three bed will be changed.
 Scenario 5: As scenario 3, but additional part of the gas will be
cooled at stage II & sent to GTP via Test separator.

 As total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream (2292kg/day) is less than
desiccant capacity (2994kg/day), all the gas of inlet stream will be routed
to the dehydration unit in winter season and dehydrated before exporting.
 Exported gas water content is 92 Kg/MMm³

 As total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream (6843 kg/day) is more
than desiccant capacity (2652 kg/day), part of the gas will be bypassed and
the other part will be routed to the dehydration unit and dehydrated before
exporting.
 Exported gas water content is 1386 Kg/MMm³

 As total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream (5722 kg/day) is more
than desiccant capacity (2713 kg/day), part of the gas will be bypassed and
the other part will be routed to the dehydration unit and dehydrated before
exporting.
 Exported gas water content is 1043 Kg/MMm³
 As total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream (3788 kg/day) is more
than desiccant capacity (2760 kg/day), part of the gas will be bypassed and
the other part will be routed to the dehydration unit and dehydrated before
exporting.
 Exported gas water content is 397 Kg/MMm³

 In this scenario vendor adsorption phase and regeneration phase have been
reviewed and the required time for each phase has been studied and found
that changing of beds’ time cycle from 16/8 to 14/7 is possible and will
remove additional 390 kg/day of water (increasing its performance about
15%).
 This will reflect on water content of exported gas, where it will be dropped
from 397mg/cm³ to 274 mg/m³.
 It is not necessary to implement this scenario all times, it could be
implemented only in summer season when required.

 As total water mass flow in the inlet gas stream (3788 kg/day) is more
than desiccant capacity (3118 kg/day), part of the gas will be bypassed and
the other part will be routed to the dehydration unit and dehydrated before
exporting.
 Exported gas water content is 274 Kg/MMm³

 The aim of this scenario is to reduce inlet temperature of dehydration unit

to 37 °C considering the followings:
 Total Inlet Flow is 3.7 MMM³/D.
 Inlet flow to GTP is 2.3 MMM³/D.
 Inlet flow to Stage II is 1.4 MMM³/D, after separation stage, will be
divided equally between TEG unit and Chiller unit.
 The outlet gas from chiller unit (Its temperature is about 19 °C) will be
diverted to Test separator at GTP.

 As the total water mass flow (2280 kg/day) in the inlet wet gas
stream(2.843 mmcm/d) to dehydration unit is less than desiccant capacity
(2883 kg/day), so all of the inlet wet gas stream will be routed to the
dehydration unit in this scenario and dehydrated, while the rest of the wet
gas will be dehydrated in Stage II TEG unit
 Exported gas water content is 109 Kg/MMm³
 As the water content is less than 112 Kg/MMm³, implementing of this
scenario will meet USA standard for gas exporting through pipelines
 The dehydration system after the modification in Hayan GTP is effective in
winter case and summer case scenario 5, but this requires rehabilitation of TEG
unit and Chiller unit in stage II station.
 Proposal of Scenario 5 could be implemented on temporary basis in summer
season when inlet temperature of the dehydration unit is more than 40 C in order
to reduce water content in the gas export pipeline.