Betel Leaf Plant Extract Mixed with Glass Sand to

Make Tempered Glass

Authors
Darren Jake A. Ambong
Kim Justine S. Arcibal
Shane B. Carambacan
Alysza Mae L. Catre
Meckaela V. Comprendio
Verbie E. Daga
Jessca Rwen Gamboa
Bea Charisse M. Jadol
Vanessa Louise M. Lachica
Ellaine Jubelle E. Latonio
Crystel Launch T. Lacsina
Nor Hannan A. Macasindil
Eugene Merk S. Manahan
Yasmine Normidah M. Mira-ato
Marie Vincent V. Velasco

San Juan City Science Highschool

Brgy. St. Joseph San Juan City
 Introduction
Radiation has been a problem for people for more than a hundred years. Discovered
by Marie Currie in 1895, radiation was also the main cause of her death. Nowadays, with
all of the gadgets invented over the years, computers, laptops, micro we, phones, television,
etc. Exposure to radiation is something people experience practically every day. And of
course, it is common knowledge that radiation can cause a lot of harm to people like burns,
blindness, and even cancer for that matter.

One of the most common sources of radiation is of course cellphones. There are
many names for a mobile phone, cell phone, sometimes written as cellphone and/or
handphone, sometimes shortened to simply mobile, cell or phone which is what most
people use to refer to said device A phone is a wireless portable telephone that can be used
to make and receive calls and text messages with the use of a radio frequency link within
a telephone service area.

Most mobile phones used these days are what you call touch screen which allows the
user to interact with a computer by touching areas on the screen, and its main form of
protection used is what is called a screen protector which is most commonly made from
either plastic or tempered glass. Tempered or toughened glass is a type of safety glass
processed by controlled thermal or chemical treatments to increase its strength compared
with normal glass.

The researchers believe that by adding lead to the tempered glass that overlays the
phone's screen they can lessen the radiation received by its user. Why lead? Well because
of its density lead can be used against various high-energy applications of radiation,
including gamma rays, x-rays, and other types of nuclear radiation. Therefore, making lead
an ideal component for the researchers' experiment of making a phone screen protector
made out of tempered glass to lessen the radiation received from people's phones.
 Background of the Study
Nowadays, half of the population in the world is using smartphones, tablets, laptops
and any gadgets. As can be seen, many people are using gadgets even though they are doing
other things like crossing the roads, eating which can cause many problems and accidents.
But one of the things people don’t know is that these gadgets emit radiation that can cause
many factors. Radiation can cause skin cancer; irritation of the skin can damage DNA and
many more. But first, what is Radiation? Radiation is energy traveling through space and
able to penetrate various materials. This means that using gadgets or anything that produce
radiation is very dangerous and can cause many dangerous diseases that can also cause
death. Radiation can be dangerous when it has ionizing radiation. The examples of these
ionizing radiation are radon, gamma rays, and other high-energy radiation.

The heat from the sunlight is one of the most familiar forms of radiation. It delivers
light, heat, and suntans. Beyond ultraviolet radiation from the sun are higher-energy kinds
of radiation which are used in medicine and which people get in low doses from space,
from the air, and the earth and rocks. Collectively it can refer to these kinds of radiation
like ionizing radiation. It can cause damage to matter, particularly living tissue. At high
levels, it is therefore dangerous, so it is necessary to control our exposure. It can be detected
and measured, and exposure can easily be monitored.

Living things have evolved in an environment that has significant levels of ionizing
radiation. Furthermore, many people owe their lives and health to such radiation produced
artificially.

Tempered glass protectors are common accessories for mobile devices and in their
look are quite similar to plastic covers. Gadgets with tempered glass are more
recommended than gadgets without tempered glass. Tempered glass is useful when it
comes to protecting mobile phones and other gadgets but it will not help stop the radiation
coming from the gadgets to be trapped.
 Smartphone addiction is considered to be rooted in Internet addiction due to the
similarity of the symptoms and negative effects on users. Internet addiction is defined as
an impulse control disorder, characterized by pathological Internet use (Goldberg, 1996;
Young, 1998). Smartphone addiction could be categorized as a behavioral addiction, such
as Internet addiction. Behavioral and chemical addictions have seven core symptoms in
common, that is, salience, tolerance, mood modification, conflict, withdrawal, problems,
and relapse (Grant et al., 2010; Griffiths, 2005). These common points are not integrally
researched, but each symptom has been found in smartphone addiction studies.

For instance, Lin et al. (2014) reported four features of smartphone addiction, that is,
compulsion, functional impairment, tolerance, and withdrawal. Bianchi and Phillips (2005)
suggested that smartphone overuse associated with psychological symptoms constitutes a
form of behavioral addiction. Smartphone addiction is also considered a technological
addiction that involves human-machine interaction (Griffiths, 1995).

The significant growth of smartphone ownership among students nowadays develops

new connections and alter students’ attitudes towards the technology item. Lately, students
become strongly attached to their smartphones and assume it as an important part of their
lives. Hough (2011) highlights the extreme influence of technology through the studies by
researchers which reveal that four in five students have significant mental and physical
distress, panic, confusion, and extreme isolation when forced to unplug from technology
for an entire day. The findings also indicate that college students across the globe confess
to getting addicted to modern technology such as mobile phones, laptops, and television.
Also, addiction includes social networking such as Facebook and Twitter.

As the researcher goes along the study and analyzing the real problem of the
community. Why just can't we look for an alternative way to prevent a high dose of
radiation coming from mobile phones. The most human being can think complicated
solutions but people cannot appreciate the beauty and use of our biotic organisms. The
researcher makes use of the plant called Betel Leaf. According to Rupa Sengupta and
Jayanta K. Banik (2013), the World Health Organization placed a major policy change in
accepting that most developing nations would have to make use of more traditional medical
practices for primary health care. Piper betel L. belongs to family Piperaceae is commonly
known as Pan. Betel Leaf can also be called Panang,pinang or Penang. It is extensively
grown in Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Taiwan, and other Southeast Asian countries. This oil
may be used as an industrial raw material for manufacturing medicines, perfumes, mouth
fresheners, tonics, food additives, etc. The leaves are nutritive and contain anti-carcinogens
showing promise for the manufacturing of a blood cancer drug. The present study aims to
know the medicinal values of Piper betel generated through the research activity using
modern scientific approaches and innovative scientific tools. (EMF Advice 2019) stated
that Betel Leaf may look good but it has a strong ability to absorb electromagnetic waves.
Betel Leaf contains hydroxyl and superoxide scavenging properties that can be used to
eliminate those radioactive components from the air.
 Significance of the Study
According to Anonna & Apoorva Dutt (2016) people who use cellphones for long
periods have reported symptoms like difficulty concentrating, fatigue, sleep disturbance,
memory loss, and headaches. However, it specifies that scientific studies haven't however
connected these symptoms to radiation exposure which they might instead be stress-
induced.

Dr. Sharma stated that “Some studies have revealed that radiation emitted from cell
phones and cell phone towers can adversely affect the normal biological processes. But it
isn’t clear whether these changes are hazardous”

The significance of this study: claims to cut back the warmth and radiation emitted
from the phone and to work out the number of often energy that transportable emits and
the way to reduce it. This study is going to be able to cut back the multiplied risks of mobile
phones. This anti-radiation tempered glass adapts the advanced vacuum particle plating
technology and might block the electromagnetic wave, thus it hasn’t any aspect effects to
our eyes. The tempered glass contains anti-radiation materials which imply it might absorb
low-frequency microwave and eliminate the potential symptoms like fever, headache,
fatigue, and condition. Anti-radiation tempered glass has the functions of penetration and
absorption, that vary per the various lights. and therefore, the user would have a
contemporary and natural vision
 Statement of the Problem

Mobile phones are one of the necessities for us human beings. We use it every day
whether it's for entertainment or our own personal reasons but, this is said to be dangerous
for us. According to some studies, the radiation from our mobile phones can cause heating
to the area most exposed to it. It can also cause early signs of dementia and it is also said
that it can affect our brains if we're exposed to it for a long period. Some studies stated that
being exposed to this radiation can also lead to cancer but, there is still no definite proof of
this theory.

The people are aware of this uncertainty about the future developments of mobile
phones for them and therefore they show a strong desire for future updates if their mobile
phones. The desire for these developments is sought to be satisfied by taking all the
precautions possible to avoid such radiation to avoid the consequences of risk. In spite of
all precautions, disasters do occur. In spite of “avoid using more than 5-10 hrs” most of us
still doing it which may cause risk to ourselves.

Research Questions
The researchers aimed to answer the following specific questions:

1. Is there a significant difference between using gadgets or mobile phones with tempered
glass with a betel leaf plant mixed with sand and the ordinary tempered glass?

2. Does using the tempered glass with betel leaf plant mixed with glass sand have
significant effect on lowering the radiation produced by the gadget?

3. Is there a significant difference between a gadget with the tempered glass with betel leaf
extract mixed with glass sand and a gadget without tempered glass?
 Methodology
I. Group discussion

The researchers were assigned to make a research that is related to radiation.

Nowadays, the time that the people spend on using mobile phones— either it's for
entertainment or personal purposes— is almost half of the day. As we all know, radiation
from our mobile phones can be harmful to a person if he/she is exposed to it for a long
period of time and based on that fact, the researches decided to make a product that will
enable us to use our mobile phone longer while we receive less damage from the radiation
that is being emitted by it. The researchers came up with the idea to make a tempered glass
for our phones combined with a certain element that can absorb radiation.

Ii. Finding a problem with radiation

The number of cell phone users has increased rapidly from over 400 million cell
phone subscribers in 2017 to more than 5 billion mobile phone users. Mobile phones emit
radiofrequency radiation (radio waves), a form of non-ionizing radiation, from their
antennas. Parts of the body nearest to the antenna can absorb this energy. Some studies
show that being exposed to radiation coming from our phones can lead to damage to our
brains such as early dementia and some cases state that being exposed to this radiation can
increase the risk of cancer.

III. Finding a solution

According to some textbooks and sources, radiation travels in a straight line which
means that the radiation coming from our phones can be absorbed by our body if we're
exposed to it for a long period. A way to fix this problem is to use betel leaf plant and mix
its extract in making a tempered glass. Betel leaf plant is known for being a beautiful plant
and is mostly used for room direction but, it also has a strong ability to absorb
electromagnetic waves. It contains hydroxyl and superoxide scavenging properties which
is used to eliminate radiation from mobile phones. Tempered glass is a product that we put
in our phones that serves as another layer to protect the screen from any damage. Using
extracts of the betel leaf plant as an ingredient in making tempered glass can increase its
ability to absorb radiation from our mobile phones.

IV. Collecting the materials needed

To proceed in this study, collect all the materials that are needed in making the
product. These materials are sand (which is mostly made of silicon dioxide), betel leaf
plant, mortar and pestle, thin cloth, a container, and a molder.

V. Getting the extract of betel leaf plant

In able to get the extract of the said plant, researchers put an amount of __ pieces of
leaf in a mortar. Using a pestle, crush the leaves and separate its extract by putting it in a
thin cloth and squeezing it into a container.

VI. Melting of sand

Glass is made of liquid sand. To produce it, the researchers heated sand that is mostly
made of silicon dioxide at an incredibly high temperature of 1700 °C (3090 °F).

VII. Adding the extract and annealing of glass

The researchers added the extract into the liquefied sand and let it sit for a few
minutes. After that, the researchers place the mixture on a molder and annealed it. The
process of slowly cooling hot glass objects after they have been formed, to relieve residual
internal stresses done during manufacturing is called annealing of glass

VIII. Testing for effectiveness

The researchers tested it by the use of radiation tester. They put the tempered glass on the
mobile phones screen. After 1 hour of being used, they tested it using a radiation tester

IX. Waste disposal

The researchers disposed the materials and applied the correct waste disposal management.
Conceptual Framework
 Results and Discussion
Since cellular phones are used worldwide, the radiation coming from it is alarming
nowadays. Diseases aren't caused only by viruses and any other microorganism in the
environment or inside the body of a human being. Sometimes the innovation of our
technology highly produces complicated or unstable sickness such as malnutrition, etc. But
the most alerting is the children who are having poor eyesight and sometimes resulting to
lose their eyesight. Researchers studied the tempered glass that prevents a phone to be
damaged if it fell. There is also a study that stated that a modern tempered glass can prevent
a small amount of radiation coming inside the mobile phones to be absorbed by the person
who uses it in a day. In this case study, 40 pieces of Betel Leaf was extracted. As a result
of the study, the more the Betel Leaf that was extracted, the higher the ratio that can a
tempered glass mixed with a plant's extract prevents the radiation from coming from a
cellular phone.

The results indicate that the higher the percentage of the Betel Leaf extract, the higher
the possibility that it can prevent radiation inside the mobile phones to be absorbed by a
person. The experiment provides new insight into the relationship between biotic
organisms and technological products
 Conclusion

The researchers concluded that betel leaf plant is an effective ingredient in making a
tempered glass that absorbs radiation from our mobile phones. The researchers said
tempered glass lessens the effect and damage that it causes to mobile phone users. And it
also enables the users to operate it for a longer period without worrying about what harm
may it cost.

Recommendations

The study has shown that 10-30 years of age is/are more affected by the radiation
coming from the phone. To prevent or combat technological radiation coming from a
cellular phone, it is therefore recommended that use our voice to speak out for the
awareness and reducing the time spent in front of a gadget. The researchers also
recommend to use another type of plant that can avoid or trap radiation or we may manage
our time using mobile gadgets and have a resting time to be able to have your eyes a rest.
But How we will use our voice to warn the society, the researchers recommend to start this
campaign within yourself, discipline yourself how to manage time and second inside your
home, have you own schedule on how often or when is the time that your family will use
mobile gadgets and when is time that they will take a rest using it if it becomes successful
inside your home we know that little by little your neighborhood will see this change in
your family and then they will adopt it until your whole community will have their schedule
that is how we can use our voice to warn or prevent the society. "Remember the discipline
starts with you".
 Curriculum Vitae:
Name: Arcibal, Kim Justine S.
Address: 31 P. Narciso St. Brgy. Corazon de Jesus San Juan city
Birthday: Oct 02 2003
Birthplace: San Juan
Name of mother: Irene S. Archibald
Name of father: Armando D. Archibald
Name of siblings: Samantha Nichole S. Archibald
Educational Background:
a. Pre elem: Pasadena Learning center
b. Elem: Pinaglabanan Elementary School
c. Junior high: San Juan science high school
Fav sub: Science
Ambition: becoming a Doctor
Philosophy: Time is Gold

Name: Darren Jake A. Ambong

Address: 46 Pasadena St. Brgy. Pasadena San Juan City
Birthday: February 14,2004
Birthplace: San Juan City
Name of Father: Rex Q. Ambong
Name of Mother: Mildred Annie A. Ambong
Name of Siblings: Keziah Faith A. Ambong
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: N/A
b. Elementary: San Juan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science High School
Fav. sub: Math
Ambition: Accountancy
Philosophy in Life: Honesty is the best policy

Name: Shane B. Carambacan

Address: 123 Tuberias St. Brgy. San Perfecto San Juan City
Birthday: October 27,2003
Birthplace: Manila
Name of Father: Johnny C. Carambacan
Name of Mother: Marissa B. Carambacan
Name of Siblings:
Gabrielle John B. Carambacan
Ma. Diane B. Carambacan
Kristina Cassandra B. Carambacan
Cylle B. Carambacan
Seth John B. Carambacan
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: N/A
b. Elementary: San Juan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science High School
Fav. sub: TLE
Ambition: Doctor
Philosophy in Life: “The road to success is not easy to navigate, but with hard work,
drive and passion, it’s possible to achieve the American dream.” — Tommy Hilfiger
Name: Alysza Mae L. Catre
Address: 157 M. Paterno St. Brgy. Pasadena San Juan City
Birthday: July 22,2004
Birthplace: San Juan City
Name of Father: Alfredo D. Catre
Name of Mother: Naiza L. Catre
Name of Siblings: Alfred John L. Catre
Aldred Josh L. Catre
Alyanna Mary L. Catre
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: N/A
b. Elementary: San Juan Elementary School
C. Junior High School: San Juan City Science High School
Fav. sub: MAPEH
Ambition: Accountancy
Philosophy in Life: "Do not fear failure but rather fear not trying." — Roy T. Bennett

Name: Meckaela V. Comprendio

Address: 38. A.P Narciso St. Brgy. Corazon de Jesus San Juan city
Birthday: Feb 20, 2003
Birthplace: San Juan
Name of mother: Elsa Viloria
Name of father: Henry Comprendio
Name of siblings: Prince Comprendio
Educational Background
a. Pre-elementary: Southern Leyte Daycare Center
b. Elementary: Pinaglabanan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science High School
Fav sub: English
Ambition: becoming an engineer/architect
Philosophy in Life: Efforts will never betray you
Name: Verbie E. Daga
Address: Unit 3B, 115A Naranja Bldg., A. Luna St., Brgy. Salapan, San Juan City
Birthday: November 27,2002
Birthplace: Quezon City
Name of Father: Vergilio O. Daga
Name of Mother: Gabriela E. Gargar
Name of Siblings:
Sheila Mae G. Mariano
Leah G. Alaba
Verche B. Daga
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: Southern Leyte Daycare Center
b. Elementary: Salapan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science High School
Fav. Sub: English
Ambition: Teacher
Philosophy in life: " Give your best in everything that you will do. "

Name: Jessca Rwen Gamboa

Address: 27 M. Miranda St. Brgy. Sta. Lucia, San Juan City
Birthday: March 30, 2004
Birthplace: San Juan City
Name of Father: Jessy Hao Co
Name of Mother: Rowena C. Gamboa
Name of Siblings: ———
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: Sta. Lucia Day Care Center
b. Elementary: Kabayanan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science Highschool
Fav. Sub: Pre-Calculus, MAPEH
Ambition:
•Finish my study
•Become successful in the future
•To be a known Flight Lieutenant or Psychologists
Philosophy in Life: "Alis volat propriis"

Name: Bea Charisse M. Jadol

Address: 62- C, Brgy. Valencia, Quezon city
Birthday: December 25 2003
Birthplace: Quezon City
Name of mother: Daisy Jadol
Name of father: Zanzibar Jadol
Name of siblings: Zandy Jadol
Educational Background:
a. Pre elem: Caritas Christi Early Childhood Learning Center
b. Elem: San Juan Elem. School
c. Junior high: San Juan science high school
Fav sub: Mapeh
Ambition: becoming a Lawyer
Philosophy: Patience is a Virtue
Name: Vanessa Louise M Lachica
Address: 2 P Narciso St. Corazon De Jesus, San Juan City
Birthday: March 10 2004
Birthplace: San Juan City
Name of Father: Luis G. Lachica
Name of Mother: Grace M. Lachica
Name of Siblings: Marie Arlene M. Lachica
Josephine Camille L. Perlas
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: Sta. Lucia Day Care Center
b. Elementary: Pinaglabanan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science Highschool
Fav. sub: English Mapeh
Ambition:
•Finish my study
•Have a profession suitable for my tastes and capabilities
Philosophy in Life: "Visions are worth fighting for. Why spend your life making
someone else's dreams?" - Tim Burton

Name: Ellaine Jubelle E. Latonio

Address: 139 - D Aurora Blvd. Salapan, San Juan City
Birthday: December 8, 2003
Birthplace: San Juan City
Name of Father: Edgardo A. Latonio
Name of Mother: Maribel E. Latonio
Name of Siblings: Mariella Eds E. Latonio
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: Salapan Day Care
b. Elementary: Salapan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science Highschool
Fav. sub: Science, Mapeh (ARTS)
Ambition:
•Finish my study
•Became a successful in the future
•Became an Architect/Engineer
Philosophy in Life: When what you hear and what you see don't match, trust your eyes.

Name: Crystel Launch Lacsina

Address: 156 Laura St. Brgy. Tibagan, San Juan City
Birthday: March 26 2004
Birthplace: Pampanga
Name of Father: Elmer Lacsina
Name of Mother: Verna Lacsina
Name of Siblings:
Cristelle Ivy Lacsina
Chriatoper Elmer Vince Lacsina
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: Sucad Elementary School
b. Elementary: Sucad Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science Highschool
Fav. sub: Math
Ambition:
•become an engineer
Philosophy in Life:
Name: Nor Hannan A. Macasindil
Address: Victoria St. Brgy. Corazon de Jesus, San Juan City
Birthday: January 22, 2004
Birthplace: Sampaloc, Manila
Name of mother: Aisha Macasindil
Name of father: Jamil L. Macasindil
Name of siblings:
Mohammadrayyan Macasindil
Ferdaus Macasindil
Nor-hosna Macasindil
Educational Background:
Pre-school to Elementary: Pinaglabanan Elem. School
Junior high school: San Juan City Science High School
Fave sub: Science
Ambition: to become a succcessful Doctor
Philosophy: Wait for the right time

Name: Eugene Merk S. Manahan

Address: Rm. 204 Brgy. St. Joseph San Juan City
Birthday: November 9,2003
Birthplace: Manila
Name of Father: Emel H. Manahan
Name of Mother: Ma. Cecilia S. Manahan
Name of Siblings:
Eula Mariz S. Manahan
Eunique Ketz S. Manahan
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: N/A
b. Elementary: San Juan Elementary School
C. Junior High School: San Juan City Science High School
Fav. sub: Math
Ambition: Civil Engineer
Philosophy in life: "Time is gold"
Name: Yasmine Normidah Mira-ato
Address: 120 E F. Roman St. Brgy. Balong Bato, San Juan City
Birthday: July 20,2003
Name of Father: Noroden J. Mira-ato
Name of Mother: Hamidah M. Mira-ato
Name of Siblings: Noroden Hamid Mira-ato
Aisha Normidah Mira-ato
Noroden Mira-ato Jr.
Fatimah Normidah Mira-ato
Sophia Normidah Mira-ato
Educational Background
a. Pre- Elementary
b. Elementary: Pinaglabanan Elementary School
c. Junior Highschool: San Juan City Science High School
Favorite Subject: English
Ambition: Doctor
Philosophy in Life: " Always Do Your Best"

Name: Shiela Mae M. Mendoza

Address: 29 P. Narciso St., Brgy. CDJ, San Juan City
Birthday: July 28, 2003
Birthplace: San Juan City
Name of Father: Rogelio C. Mendoza
Name of Mother: Jocelyn M. Mendoza
Name of Siblings: Shana Miles M. Mendoza
Sandria Marie M. Mendoza
Educational Background:
a. Pre-elementary: Saint Luis de Marilac Daycare Center ((White Cross)
b. Elementary: Pinaglabanan Elementary School
c. Junior High School: San Juan City Science Highschool
Fav. Sub: Pre-Calculus, TLE
Ambition:
•Finish my study.
•Become successful in life.
•To be a Flight Stewardess
Philosophy in Life: "Carpe diem

Name: Marie Vincent Velasco

Address: 320 G. F. Roman St. Brgy. Salapan San Juan City
Birthdate: March 7, 2004
Birthplace: San Juan City
Father: Marlon limbo
Mother: Michelle Velasco
Siblings: Marc Vincent Velasco
Educational Background:
A. Pre Elem: Mary child daycare center
B. Elem: Salapan Elementary School
C Junior Highschool: San Juan City Science High School
Favorite Subject: Math/Science
Ambition: CPA/Lawyer doctorate
Philosophy in Life: Practice doesn't make you perfect but it enhances you to be perfect.
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