Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Sports education is considered as an extension of the classroom. It is one

of the vehicles working together to help young people reach their potential. With

the growing popularity in sports, both public and private institutions from all

levels have joined and competed in the national and local level competitions in

pursuit of the desired goals and objectives. Besides, it is an integral part of the

educational program designed to promote the optimum development of the

individual in all aspects of life as stated by Nakamura (1996).

Volleyball is a game for two teams, usually of six players, in whom a large

ball is hit by hand over a high net, the aim is to score points by making the ball

reach the ground on the opponent’s side of the court. According to Shondell and

Mcmanama (1971), the game volleyball was created by William G. Morgan, the

Physical Director of YMCA Holyoke, Massachusetts, in 1895. Upon experimenting

with this game, Mr. Morgan din not realize that such sport will become the result

would popular not only in the USA but all over the world. He was merely hunting

for a game for elderly men because those available were too strenuous and

require too much space and equipment. Using tennis net as the basis for this

new game, he raised the net, used an inflated rubber basketball bladder in place

of a tennis ball and substituted the hands for the tennis racket. This combination
was not proven as entirely satisfactory, the originator next used a basketball and

a higher net. The basketball had to be discarded because of its weight and so

Mr. Morgan replaced it with smaller and lighter ball which was made to his

specification.

Formerly known as “MINTONETTE”, the game was played by means of

hitting the ball with the use of the long handled the racket while the ball is still

on top of the net which measured 6 feet and 6 inches, high. It played innings as

way of scoring and any number of players can play. The court measured 25

meters wide and 50 meters long. Later the name VOLLEYBALL was suggested by

D.A.F Halsted of Springfield, Massachusetts, and from that time the game was

officially called Volleyball.

Dr. Gray, the director of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) I

Calcutta, India, introduced volleyball in Asia. In 1903 it was introduced in

Shanghai, China. After several years it was introduced in Japan.

Elwood Brown, the director of YMCA in Manila, finally introduced volleyball

in the Philippines in 1910. After a few years volleyball became instantly popular

not only in Manila but also throughout the country. A memorable event was held

in Manila when the Philippines hosted the Far East Games in 1913 where the

host country won the championships for both men and women. The First

National Open Volleyball championship was held in 1921 at the Meralco

Gymnasium. The Meralco team won the championship for men while the National

Normal School won the championship for women.

Volleyball was first played internationally during the 1964 Tokyo Olympics,

where the Soviet Union won both titles. From 1964 to the last Olympics,

volleyball has been one of the sporting events contested.

In volleyball, one of the important basic skills used was spiking. Spike or

spiking is an offensive attack with tremendous force over the net towards the

opponent’s court to gain points. Strength and power for volleyball defined as the

strategy used to send the ball over the net to the opponent in such a manner the

opponents return it to the other side. Spiking is the act of striking the ball with

great force in a downward direction into the opponent’s court. To accomplish this

powerful offensive skill, the player must learn to coordinate the approach, take

off, and arm movement. (sports and Recreational Activities, tenth edition).

The training in spiking is very crucial. The spiker cannot execute the skill without

a setter. The setter plays an important role in the process of spiking. In a normal

training the spiker cannot train with his own ability and this is one problem of

this study.

One answer to this problem is this spike and jump trainer. The spike and

jump trainer are a training equipment that allows the player to expand their skills

on their own. This training equipment is a combination of spike trainer and a

vertimax. The ball was put into a rope, and the rope is connected into the hooks
of the two poles. The players will be able to focus on their own approach, arms

swing and wrist snap. This allows players to perform multiple repetitions quickly.

Sheppard JM et al., (2010), studied on “the effect of assisted spiking skills on the

performance of Physical Education Students.” The purpose of this study was to

evaluate the effects of assisted jump training on counter-movement vertical

jump and spike jump ability in a group of elite male and female volleyball

players. Thirty (30) Physical Education students participate in this within-subjects

spiking skills training study.

Spiking is not only the way how you strike for the ball it also needs timing

and most especially the ability to jump higher. According to Stangnelli LC, et al.,

(2003), studied on “adaptation on jump capacity of volleyball players prior to the

world championship.” The volleyball national team has achieved great

performances at international competitions because the spiking skills of the

volleyball players have the capacity to be successful. Spiking is indeed an

essential skill to be successful in volleyball.

The purpose of this study was to create a training equipment that will

help the student and the athletes of Urdaneta City University to enhance or

improve their spiking and jumping ability that will lead them to be successful in

playing volleyball.
Theoretical Framework

Edward Thorndike Law of Exercise stated that connections grow stronger

when used strength is “vigor and durations as well as the frequency of its

making” and grow weaker when not used. The experiments of Thorndike and

other scientists to determine that learned motor skill are stored in the section of

our trains. “Practice makes perfect” is associated with this. However, like the law

of effect, the law of exercise also had to be revised when Thorndike found out

that practice without feedback does not necessarily enhance performance. The

theory of Thorndike is related to the present study because it determined the

alternative training materials used to the skills of P.E. 4 students.

It's also theoretically premised the theory by John Dewey which is the

experimental learning or popularly known as “learning by doing” theory. The

theory emphasizes the actual enactment of the lessons, specifically, in Physical

Education. This theory is connected in volleyball, especially, in training because

without doing anything, the learner will not gain and develop his/her skills.

In this study, the relationship of the theory on Multiple Bits of Intelligence

by Howard Gardner (Bodily-kinesthetic) and Learning by Doing by John Dewey

were cited theories to utilize the psychomotor domain which involves the

relationship of one person’s body. The persons’ ability to use his/her body and

work with his/her hands is critical not only to self-concept but to the ability to

earn a living. The teacher needs to consider how to incorporate activities to

enhance and develop this domain that present the study which deals with the

spike trainer that will be utilized as training equipment in enhancing and

developing the skills of the students in spiking.

Conceptual Paradigm

This descriptive research has been conceptualized based on the reviewed

literature and studies. Thus, it is empirical to mention at this point that proposed

localized volleyball training equipment to enhance spike and jump can be

described by the conceptual framework for better understanding of the study at

hand.

The concepts in the paradigm are the input, process, and the output. The

input of the study is the materials used in constructing the localized volleyball

training equipment. On the other side, the process composes the construction

procedure and the assessment for determining the level of acceptability of the

localized volleyball training equipment by the respondents in terms of durability

or strength, safety, stability and transferability. After constructing, there were

thirty students who evaluated the said equipment. The output is the localized

volleyball training equipment.

 INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Materials used:
I. Construction
Cement procedure Localized
Volleyball training
Angle Bar
equipment to
Welding rod enhance spike
II. Determining
and jump
Volleyball
the level of
10mm Steel acceptability of
the localized
Rubber wheel
volleyball training
Bolts and Nuts ¼ and equipment in terms
1/8 of:
Rubber mat Localized Volleyball
1. Durability
Training Equipment
Bungee 2. Safety
to Enhance Spike
3. Stability
and Jump
Insulator 4. Transferability

Charon

Rugby

Duck tape

Belt

Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm of the Study.

Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to test the new sports tool in enhancing volleyball skills for

volleyball players and P.E 4 students in Urdaneta City University.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What are the features of the localized volleyball training equipment to

enhance spike and jump in terms of the following?

a. Materials used; and

b. Component parts and its distinct characteristics?

2. What is the level of acceptability of the localized volleyball training

equipment in terms of the following?

a. Durability or strength;

b. Safety;

c. Stability; and

d. Transferability?

Scope and Delimitation of the study

The study is specifically concerned with the level of acceptability of the

Localized Volleyball Training Equipment to Enhance Spike and Jump. This study

creates a training equipment enhancing the student’s ability in spiking and

jumping. Along this, the researchers prepared a questionnaire checklist to use as

an assessment tool to evaluate the created training equipment. The researchers

selected some of the volleyball athletes and 30 students who are enrolled in P.E.

4 of Urdaneta City University during the school year 2019. The respondents

evaluated the training equipment’s durability or strength, safety, stability, and

transferability of the localized volleyball training equipment. The proposed

localized volleyball training equipment was evaluated in the form of

questionnaire checklist and rubrics.

Significance of the study

This study serves as a starting block for the development and

improvement of the sports volleyball in Urdaneta City University. The outcome of

the study will benefit the following group of individuals.

Physical Education Teachers. The study will guide the physical

education teacher to facilitate the students to enhance and improve their skills in

Volleyball, especially in spiking. It will be easier for the teachers to teach and it

will be more organized for the teachers to demonstrate the skills in Volleyball.

Physical Education Students. This study will help the physical

education students to develop and improve their abilities in Volleyball, especially

in spiking.

Future Researchers. The study will help the future researchers as their

basis to explore further areas of volleyball, or any sport and discover other

training equipment that can improve student’s ability.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are hereby defined lexically and operationally.

Durability. The term is referred to an assurance or probability that

materials will have relatively long continuous use as equipment. In this study, it

refers to the ability of the volleyball equipment to last a long time.

Jumping. Is a form of locomotion or movement in which an organism or

non-living (e.g., robotic) mechanical system propels itself through the air along a

ballistic trajectory. Jumping can be distinguished from running, galloping and

others gaits where the entire body is temporarily airborne, by the relatively long

duration of the aerial phase and high angle of initial launch.

Safety. The term referred to the condition to be protected to from

causing danger, risk, or injury. In this study, it refers to a freedom from danger

when they are using the equipment.

Skill. The term is referred to as a talent or ability that comes from

training or practices. In this study, it refers to the different abilities in volleyball.

Spike. Spike or spiking is an offensive attack with tremendous force over

the net towards the opponent’s court to gain points.

Training equipment. Is any apparatus or device used during physical

activity to enhance the strength or conditioning effects of that training by

providing either fixed or adjustable amounts of resistance or to otherwise

enhance the experience or outcome of a training routine.

Transferability. The term is to convey the equipment to remove and

transfer. In this study, it refers to the ability to transfer from one place to

another.

Volleyball. Formerly known as “MINTONETTE” the game was played by

means of hitting the ball with the use of the long handled the racket while the

ball is still on top of the net which measured 6 feet and 6 inches high. It played

innings as way of scoring and any number of players can play. The court

measures 25 meters wide and 50 meters long. Later the name VOLLEYBALL was

suggested by D.A.F. Halsted of Springfield, Massachusetts, and from that time

the game was officially called Volleyball.

 Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the research design, respondents of the study and

sampling scheme, data gathering instrument, procedure, validation, ethical

considerations, and tools for data analysis.

Research Design

The researchers used the descriptive developmental method in this study.

According to Richey (1994), descriptive developmental research is defined as a

systematic study of designing and evaluating instructional programs, procedures

and the product that should meet the criteria of internal consistency and

effectiveness. Developmental research is commonly important to the field of

instructional technology. This research design shows how this study met the

criteria of usefulness and functionality of the research output.

In this study, this method of research is the most appropriate to use to

determine the quality of the localized volleyball training equipment to enhance

spike and jump as a training equipment for Physical Education students of

Urdaneta City University.

Respondents of the Study and Sampling Scheme

The respondents of the study were thirty (30) second year students who

enrolled in P.E. 4 and selected volleyball athletes in Urdaneta City University

during the Academic year 2019.

The research employed the sampling scheme which is based on the

chosen criteria of the study. Respondents are chosen based on the criteria or

purpose of the study. The second-year students were chosen as the respondents

because, in the curriculum of Urdaneta City University, P.E. 4 wherein Team

Sports is included as a subject for the second-year students. This research study

is for the students to develop and enhance their spiking skills. Therefore, it is

suitable to conduct a research study to find out the level of acceptability of the

proposed materials in enhancing volleyball skills.

Data Gathering Instrument

The researchers used a checklist and rubrics. This validation tool is

composed of twenty (20) statements where five statement tests for durability or

strength; five statement tests for safety; five statement tests for stability and

lastly five statement tests for transferability of the localized volleyball training

equipment.
Procedure

The following are the procedures in constructing the localized volleyball

training equipment.

1. For the base of the equipment, we used angle bar. The angle bar was cut into

four equal lengths and formed into square-shaped.

2. Get the angle bar and connect each other using a welding machine.

3. After you weld the angle bar, clean it using a grinder to flatten the part of the

angle bar you weld.

4. Next step creates a four hole each side of the base to connect the rubber

wheel for easy mobilization.

5. Using the plywood forms a square shape with a width of 5 inches and has a

length of 35 inches.

6. Put the G.I. pipe into the center of the plywood and using 10mm steel connect

it with the used of welding rod to make it more stable and make the cement

could not easily break.

7. After that cement the base to permanently attach the pole and wait until it will

totally dry.

8. Next is for the pole, get the standard net height of the net for women with a

height of 2.24 meters and attached the first hook.

9. After that, get the standard net height for men with height of 2.43 meters and

attached the second hook.

10. With a gap of 4.5 inches to attach another hook for adjustment. After we

attached the hooks, cover it with the insulator to assure the safety of the

players, then cover it with charon and duck tape.

11. For the vertimax, the angle bar was cut into four equal lengths and formed

into square-shaped.

12. Get the angle bar and connect each other using a welding rod and welding

machine.

13. Creating a four hole each side of the base to connect the rubber wheel for

easy mobilization.

14. Get the measure of the plywood with 34.5 inches and cut it.

15. Attached a hook on the side of the angle bar and put the bungee. Lastly,

cover it with a rubber mat.

16. A questionnaire checklist was prepared and validated to use as an

assessment tool by the respondents for the localized volleyball training

equipment in terms of durability or strength, safety, stability and transferability.

17. Next is for the pole, get the standard net height of the net for women with a

height of 2.24 meters and attached the first hook.

18. After that, get the standard net height for men with height of 2.43 meters

and attached the second hook.

19. With a gap of 4.5 inches to attach another hook for adjustment.
20. After we attached the hooks, cover it with the insulator to assure the safety

of the players, then cover it with charon and duck tape.

21. For the vertimax, the angle bar was cut into four equal lengths and formed

into square-shaped.

22. Get the angle bar and connect each other using a welding rod and welding

machine.

23. Creating a four hole each side of the base to connect the rubber wheel for

easy mobilization.

24. Measure the plywood with 34.5 inches and cut it. Attached a hook on the

side of the angle bar and put the bungee.

25. Lastly, cover it with a rubber mat.

26. Using a satin cloth design and it cut to make the house of the balls.

27. After cutting the satin cloth cover the ring binder and connect by sewing it.

28. Inflate the ball and put it inside the ball house

Validation

The localized volleyball training equipment was validated in terms of

durability or strength, safety, stability and transferability of thirty (30) Physical

Education students, selected volleyball athletes and three Physical Education

instructors of Urdaneta City University.

Ethical Consideration

The researchers gave various principles that be taken into consideration

before conducting the study. The researchers applied all the necessary changes

from their reliable validators who validated, revised and even eliminated some

errors from the rubrics. The recommendations and suggestions of the research

adviser and instructors will also be of great deal for the betterment of the study.

The researchers will formally address the participation of the expect through a

letter of consent or approval reviewed and signed by the research instructor and

research adviser. It is the way of the researchers acknowledged the voluntary

participation of the respondents, the expert, the students and the athletes. The

researchers ensure the respondent’s privacy and confidentiality of the

information that have gathered. The researchers respect the research

participants time schedules and comply at the date and time they have set on

when the survey will be conducted. It is also important that the respondents

should show honesty in answering the validation instruments and questionnaire.

Tools for Data Analysis

To answer the first problem as to what is the features of the localized

volleyball training equipment to enhance spike and jump in terms of the

following? Materials used; and component parts and its distinct characteristics?

The researchers listed the materials in constructing their output, and a blueprint
which was prepared by an engineer was presented. This blueprint was the basis

of the researcher’s skeletal structure of their localized volleyball training.

For problem number 2 on the level of acceptability of the localized

volleyball training equipment in terms of the durability or strength, safety,

stability and transferability, a questionnaire checklist and a rubric were used. The

weighted mean used in the analysis of the problem the formula is shown below:

∑𝑓𝑥
WM= 𝑛

Wherein: WM = weighted mean

f = number of respondents
x = point value classification
n = total number of respondents

A Likert scale is a rating scale, often found on survey forms, that

measures how people feel about something.

Likert Scale Descriptive Equivalent Description

4.50-5.0 Highly Acceptable Strong and
excellent in
good
condition.
3.50-4.49 Acceptable Moderately
strong in
good
condition.
2.50-3.49 Moderately Acceptable Fairly strong
in good
condition.
1.50-2.49 Slightly Acceptable Slightly
in good
condition.
1.00-1.49 Not Accepted Not in good
condition.
 Chapter 3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of the collected data

regarding the specific problems raised in chapter 1. The data were illustrated

using tables to accelerate understanding in the discussion.

Table 1 presents the list of materials in the development of the localized

volleyball training equipment.

Table 1

List of materials used in the development of the

Localized Volleyball Training Equipment
Component Parts Materials Used
Cement, sand, angle bars, Rubber wheel, Nuts and
Base
bolts, welding rod and 10mm steel
Round GI Pipe gauge 26, 10mm steel, welding rod,
Poles
insulator, Charon, duck tape, and rugby
Angle bars, 10mm steel, plywood, rubber mat,
Vertimax rubber wheels, bolts and nuts, bungee and belt

Volleyball, bungee, satin cloth, ring binder

Ball

It was divided into four components, namely: base, poles, vertimax and

ball. The base was made out of cement, angle bars as a frame and rubber

wheels to make it mobile. Furthermore the rubber wheels were attached to the

angle bar frame using nuts and bolts. For the poles, round galvanized iron gauge
26 was used. For the vertimax, angle bars were used as frame, plywood as the

surface with rubber as cushion. Rubber wheels were attached to make it

movable. And for the ball the house or cover of the ball was made out of satin

cloth, ring binder as an ear of the house of the ball and bungee to attach the ball

into the two poles.

The figure below shows the component parts of the training equipment
namely: base, pole, vertimax and the ball

Vertimax Pole

Base Ball

Figure 2: Components of the Localized Volleyball Training Equipment.

 The distinct characteristics of the localized volleyball training equipment is

described below.

The base is made out of a concrete slab 4 inches thick, 34.5 inches wide

and 34.5 inches long. Further, the concrete slab was re-enforced by 10mm steel.

The frame of the base is made up of angle bars welded together forming a 34.5

inches by 34.5 inches square. A concrete slab with the same dimension was

placed on to support the needed weight of the pole and can withstand strong

hits of the players. A rubber wheel was also attached to make it easily transfer

from one place to another.

The pole is made out of Round GI Pipe gauge 26 with nine (9) feet long.

Hooks with different heights were attached to make sure that the players can

adjust to the height of the training equipment. The pole is covered with soft

materials such as insulator to make it free from danger. It is also covered with a

duck tape to assure that the insulator could not easily remove after a continuous

used.

For the vertimax an angle bar welded together forming a 34.5 inch by

34.5 inches square to use as a frame. Plywood was used as the surface and

covered it with rubber mat to ensure safety when used. A rubber wheel was

attached and secured with bolts and nuts. For the ball, of course, a volleyball

was used, and a satin cloth and ring binder were used to make the house of the

ball. In order to hang the ball, a bungee was used.

 Below is the design and layout of the localized volleyball training

equipment. Showing its distinct features with its component parts.

Table 2 to 5 presents the level of acceptability of the localized volleyball

training equipment to enhance spike and jump in terms of durability or strength,

safety, stability and transferability.

 Table 2

Level of acceptability of the Localized Volleyball Training Equipment to

Enhance Spike and Jump in terms of Durability or strength.

P.E 4 Students Athletes

Indicators AWM DE AWM DE
Durability

1. It can be utilized even in 4.5 HA 4.5 HA

a long period of time.
2. It does not easily fall 4.47 A 4.5 HA
down.
3. It can withstand strong 4.57 HA 4.3 A
hits of the players.
4.It has the ability to 4.43 A 4.5 HA
perform each required
functions over a long
from of time.
5.It does not easily 4.5 HA 4.6 HA
deteriorate.
OVER ALL WEIGHTED MEAN 4.5 HA 4.5 HA
Legend:
Mean Range Descriptive Equivalent
4.50-5.0 Highly Acceptable
3.50-4.49 Acceptable
2.50-3.49 Moderately Acceptable
1.50-2.49 Slightly Acceptable
1.00-1.49 Not Accepted

It shows in the table that three of the indicators for the durability of the

training equipment were described as Highly Acceptable with the mean range of

4.50 to 5.0 respectively and two of the indicators were described as Acceptable

with mean rage of 3.50 to 4.49 respectively. But the overall weighted mean is
4.5 and it was described as Highly Acceptable. Meaning that the training

equipment is highly acceptable in terms of durability or strength.

Table 3

Level of acceptability of the Localized Volleyball Training Equipment

to Enhance Spike and Jump in terms of Safety.
P.E 4 Students Athletes

Indicators AWM DE AWM DE

SAFETY

1. It is assuredly safe 4.67 HA 4.67 HA

since the material
that has been used
is solidly made.
2. It is free from danger 4.23 H 4.5 HA
in terms of how
it was constructed.
3.It is in good condition 4.43 HA 4.4 H
when being utilized.
4.It has its adjustable 4.8 HA 4.6 HA
parts that are secured
with bolts and nuts.
5. It is covered with soft 4.8 HA 4.8 HA
material such as foam
and rubber mat.

OVER ALL WEIGHTED MEAN 4.6 HA 4.6 HA

Legend:
Mean Range Descriptive Equivalent
4.50-5.0 Highly Acceptable
3.50-4.49 Acceptable
2.50-3.49 Moderately Acceptable
1.50-2.49 Slightly Acceptable
1.00-1.49 Not Accepted

It is indicated on the table that two of the indicators were described as

acceptable with mean range of 3.50 to 4.49 and three of the indicators were
described as very acceptable with mean range of 4.50 to 5.0 respectively. This is

both from the evaluation of P.E. 4 students and volleyball athletes.

Table 4

Level of acceptability Localized Volleyball Training Equipment

to Enhance Spike and Jump in terms of Stability.
P.E 4 Students Athletes
Indicators AWM DE AWM DE
Stability

1. It does not move 4.6 HA 4.67 HA

when used
2. It has fixed heavy 4.6 HA 4.67 HA
material to maintain
the steadiness.
3. It maintains the 4.67 HA 4.6 HA
original configuration
of each material such
as steel bar, foam, etc.
4. It has the strength to 4.66 HA 4.5 HA
receive or absorb
the dynamic and force.
5. It remains unchanged 4.5 HA 4.5 HA
period of time.

OVER ALL WEIGHTED MEAN 4.6 HA 4.56 HA

Legend:
Mean Range Descriptive Equivalent
4.50-5.0 Highly Acceptable
3.50-4.49 Acceptable
2.50-3.49 Moderately Acceptable
1.50-2.49 Slightly Acceptable
1.00-1.49 Not Accepted

It is indicated on the table that all the indicators, namely: it does not

move when used, it has fixed heavy materials to maintain the steadiness, it

maintains the original configuration of each material such as steel bar, foam,
etc., it has strength to receive or absorb the dynamic and force and it remains

unchanged the condition after a long period of time were rated as excellent

which means that the equipment is very highly stable with mean range of 4.50 to

5.0.

Table 5

Level of acceptability of the Localized Volleyball Training Equipment

to Enhance Spike and Jump in terms of transferability.
P.E 4 Students Athletes
Indicators AWM DE AWM DE

TRANSFERSBILITY

1. The equipment is 4.8 HA 4.67 HA

movable from one
place to another.
2. The equipment 4.6 HA 4.67 HA
3. The equipment 4.7 HA 4.67 HA
can be pushed.
4. It can be easily 4.6 HA 4.9 HA
moved by one
to three person.
5. The equipment can 4.6 HA 5 HA
be controlled through
the used of rubber wheel.

OVER ALL WEIGHTED MEAN 4.7 HA 4.8 HA

Legend:
Mean Range Descriptive Equivalent
4.50-5.0 Highly Acceptable
3.50-4.49 Acceptable
2.50-3.49 Moderately Acceptable
1.50-2.49 Slightly Acceptable
1.00-1.49 Not Accepted
 It shows in the table that all five (5) indicators were all describe as highly

acceptable from the evaluation of both P.E. 4 students and volleyball athletes

meaning that the output is very transferable with mean range ranging from 4.50

to 5.0 respectively. However, two of the indicators obtain 4.9 and 5.0 which are

it be easily moved by one to three people and it can be controlled through the

used of rubber wheel.

 Chapter 4

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter includes the summary, findings, conclusions, and

recommendations.

SUMMARY

This study constructed a volleyball training equipment to enhance spike

and jump. The localized volleyball training equipment was developed by several

procedures. In the end it sought to answer the following questions; problem

number 1, What are the features of the localized volleyball training equipment to

enhance spike and jump in terms of the following? Materials used; and

component parts and its distinct characteristics? Problem number 2, what are the

level of acceptability of the Localized volleyball training equipment in terms of

durability or strength, safety, stability and transferability. A questionnaire

checklist was prepared and validated to use as an assessment tool for the

respondents for the localized volleyball training. The respondents of the study

are P.E. 4 students and volleyball athletes. The respondents rated the quality of

the training equipment in terms of durability or strength, safety, stability and

transferability.

FINDINGS

Based on the problems raised, the following are the findings of the study.
1. The developed localized volleyball training equipment to enhance spike and

jump can be used by the students and athletes to improve their skills and help

them for training.

2. The develop localized volleyball training equipment to enhance spike and jump

meets the criteria of durability or strength, safety, stability and transferability

based on the assessments of the respondents.

3. The level of student’s assessment towards the localized volleyball training

equipment has a weighted mean of 4.5 for the durability, 4.6 for the safety, 4.6

for stability and 4.7 transferability’s with a descriptive equivalent of excellent.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the findings of the study, the following is concluded:

1. A localized volleyball training equipment can enhance the spike and jump.

2. The localized volleyball training equipment meets the criteria of durability,

safety, stability and transferability.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the findings of the study, conclusion drawn, the following

recommendation are hereby offered.

1. The PEHM Department and the University coach should use the localized

volleyball training equipment to enhance the skills of the students and the

volleyball athletes.

2. Conduct a research that focuses on the assessment of the effectiveness of the

localized volleyball training equipment in students and athletes spiking and

jumping ability.

3. Future researchers should endeavor to improve the other feature of the

localized volleyball training equipment like its design and the materials used.