Phed 104 Module 2

MODULE II
LESSON I HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL
LESSON II FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
LESSON III BASIC SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL
LESSON IV RULES AND REGULATION
LESSON V OFFICIATING OFFICIALS AND

OFFICIAL HAND SIGNALS
2
MODULE II
VOLLEYBALL: THE BASICS OF THE GAME
 INTRODUCTION
This module will focus on the brief history of volleyball and its growth
throughout the years. The basic skills in playing volleyball will also be
discussed, as well as the facilities and the equipment used in playing this
game, the rules of the game, the officiating officials and official hand
signals. Because of this pandemic we are facing right now, the
instructors/authors adjusted the activities in accordance with the health
protocols that limit social gathering and the likes.
OBJECTIVES
After studying the module, you should be able to:
1. Trace the history of Volleyball;

2. Understand the terms used in playing volleyball;
3. Exhibit mastery on the facilities used in volleyball by drawing the
Volleyball court with the labels and measurement;
4. Apply the basic skills of volleyball through virtual presentations;
5. Evaluate a volleyball game by identifying the different faults and
violations done by the players.
6. Perform the official hand signals.
 DIRECTIONS/ MODULE ORGANIZER
There are five lessons in the module. Read each lesson carefully then
answer the exercises/activities to find out how much you have benefited
from it. Work on these exercises carefully. Submit all your outputs online as
scheduled to the teacher’s concerned following the instructions indicated in
the activities.
In case you encounter difficulties, discuss with your instructor through
Facebook Messenger.
Good luck and happy reading!!!
PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

3
LESSON 1
 HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL
Objectives:
1. Identify the terms used in playing volleyball.
Volleyball is played in various places around the globe. According to

Tulio(2008), volleyball is a good past time and also a fun game to
participate in. It was invented as a less physical activity for business men
who did not want to play basketball. Because of its reduced physical
contact, it was also considered a suitable sport for women; albeit with
different rules from the men's game, specifically with regards to the height
of the net, court dimensions and number of players permitted on the court.
The organization responsible for the standardization of volleyball rules was
the Federation
History of Volleyball
YMCA Director William G. Morgan invented the game of volleyball in

1895 in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was devised as a recreational activity for
businessmen who wanted a game that had less physical contact than
basketball. He borrowed the idea of the net from tennis, the ball from
basketball, the use of hands in handball and the 9 innings (first rule) based
from a baseball game. He originally called the game “mintonette”.
Mintonette (as volleyball was then known) was designed to be an indoor
sport less rough than basketball for older members of the YMCA, while still
requiring a bit of athletic effort. Dr. George Fisher is known as the “father
of volleyball” for his organization of the United States Volleyball
Association (USVBA) which was established in 1928.
According to Tulio (2008), the first rules, written down by Morgan, called
for a net 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 meters) high, a 25 x 50 foot (7.6 x 15.2
meter) court, and any number of players. A match was composed of nine
innings with three serves for each team in each inning, and no limit to the
number of ball contacts for each team before sending the ball to the
opponents' court. In case of a serving error, a second try was allowed.
Hitting the ball into the net was considered a foul (with loss of the point or
a side out)—except in the case of the first-try serve.
The physical education directors of the YMCA, encouraged particularly by

two professional schools of physical education, Springfield college in
Massachusetts and George Williams College in Chicago (now at Downers
Grove, Illinois), adopted volleyball in all its societies throughout the United
States, Canada (in 1900 Canada became the first foreign country to adopt
the game), and also in many other countries: Elwood S. Brown in the
Philippines (1910), J. Howard Crocker in China, Franklin H. Brown in Japan

4
(1908), Dr. J.H. Gray in Burma, in China and in India, and others in Mexico
and South American, European and African countries.
By 1913 the development of volleyball on the Asian continent was assured

as, in that year, the game was included in the programme of the first Far-
Eastern Games, organized in Manila. It should be noted that, for a long
time, Volleyball was played in Asia according to the "Brown" rules which,
among other things, used 16 players (to enable a greater participation in
matches).
An indication of the growth of volleyball in the United States is given in an

article published in 1916 in the Spalding Volleyball Guide and written by
Robert C. Cubbon. In that article Cubbon estimated that the number of
players had reached a total of 200,000 people subdivided in the following
way: in the YMCA (boys, young men, and older men) 70,000, in the YWCA
(girls and women) 50,000, in schools (boys and girls) 25,000 and in colleges
(young men) 10,000.
In 1916, the YMCA managed to induce the powerful National Collegiate

Athletic Association (NCAA) to publish its rules and a series of articles,
contributing to the rapid growth of volleyball among young college students.
In 1918 the number of players per team was limited to six, and in 1922 the
maximum number of authorized contacts with the ball was fixed at three.
Until the early 1930s volleyball was for the most part a game of leisure and
recreation, and there were only a few international activities and
competitions. There were different rules of the game in the various parts of
the world; however, national championships were played in many countries
(for instance, in Eastern Europe where the level of play had reached a
remarkable standard).
Volleyball thus became more and more a competitive sport with high
physical and technical performance.
TERMS COMMONLY USED IN VOLLEYBALL
ACE – A serve that is not passable and results immediately in a point.
ANTENNA– The vertical rods (normally white and red) mounted near the
edges of the net. The antennas are mounted directly above the sidelines
and are not-in-play. Antennas are not usually used on outdoor nets.
APPROACH – Fast stride toward the net by a spiker before he jumps in the
air.
ASSIST – Passing or setting the ball to a teammate who attacks the ball for a
kill. This stat is normally only logged for high school, college, and
National/Olympic team play.

5
ATTACK – The offensive action of hitting the ball. The attempt by one team
to terminate the play by hitting the ball to the floor on the opponent’s side.
ATTACKER – Also known as “hitter” or “spiker.” A player who attempts to

hit a ball offensively with the purpose of terminating play in his or her
team’s favor.
ATTACK BLOCK – Receiving players’ aggressive attempt to block a spiked

ball before it crosses the net.
ATTACK ERROR – An unsuccessful attack which does one of the following:
1. the ball lands out of bounds,
2. the ball goes into the net and terminates play or goes into the
net on the third hit,
3. the ball is blocked by the opposition for a point or sideout,
4. the attacker is called for a center line violation,
5. the attacker is called for illegal contact(lift, double hit) on the

attack.
ATTACK LINE - A line 3m from the net that separates the front row players
from the back row players. Commonly referred to as the “10-foot line.”
BACKCOURT - The area from the end line to the attack line.
BACK SET - A set delivered behind the setter’s back, which is subsequently
hit by an attacker.
BACK ROW ATTACK - When a back row player attacks the ball by jumping
from behind the 3m line before hitting the ball. If the back row player steps
on or past the 3m line during take-off, the attack is illegal.
BEACH DIG - An open hand receive of the ball, also called a “Deep Dish”
BLOCK - A defensive play by one or more players meant to deflect a spiked

ball back to the hitter’s court. It may be a combination of one, two or three
players jumping in front of the opposing spiker and contacting the spiked
ball with the hands.
BALL HANDLING ERROR - Any time the official calls a double hit, a thrown
ball or a lift (except on a serve reception or attack). For our purposes, this
category also includes any blocking errors (when an official calls a blocker
for a violation such as going into the net, centerline violation, reaching over
the net, etc.).
BUMP PASS - The use of joined forearms to pass or set a ball in an

underhand manner.

6
CAMPFIRE – A ball that falls to the floor in an area that’s surrounded by

two, three, four or more players. At the instant after the ball hits the floor,
it appears as if the players are encircling and staring at a campfire.
CENTER LINE – The boundary that runs directly under the net and divides
the court into two equal halves.
CLOSING THE BLOCK - The responsibility of the assisting blocker(s) to join

the primary blocker and create an impenetrable block in which a ball cannot
fit between the two individual blockers.
CROSS COURT SHOT - An individual attack directed at an angle from one

end of the offensive team’s side of the net to the opposite sideline of the
defensive team’s court.
CUT SHOT - A spike from the hitter’s strong side that travels at a sharp
angle across the net.
DECOY - An offensive play meant to disguise the spiker who will receive the
set.
DEEP SET - Set to be hit away from the net to confuse or disrupt the timing
of the blockers.
DIG - Passing a spiked or rapidly hit ball. Slang for the art of passing an
attacked ball close to the floor.
DINK - A legal push of the ball around or over blockers.
DOUBLE BLOCK - Two players working in unison to deflect an attacked ball

at the net back to the hitter’s side.
DOUBLE HIT - Successive hits or contacts by the same player. (Illegal)
DOUBLE QUICK - Two hitters approaching the setter for a quick inside hit.
DOUBLES - A game with two players on each side, most commonly played on
a sand court.
DOWN BALL - A ball the blockers elect not to attempt to block because it
has been set too far from the net or the hitter is not under control. A “Down
Ball” is hit overhand and driven over the net with topspin while the player
remains standing. “Down Ball,” is usually called aloud by the defense when
it becomes apparent the attacker has no chance of hitting a powerful spike.
FIVE-ONE - A 6-player offensive system that uses five hitters and one setter.
FIVE SET - A back set to the right front hitter.
FLARE - Inside-out path of an outside spiker who hid behind a quick hitter.

7
FLOATER - A serve which does not spin or rotate and therefore moves in an
erratic path. This is similar to a “knuckle ball” pitch in baseball.
FOREARM PASS - Join your arms from the elbows to the wrists and strike
the ball with the fleshy part of your forearms in an underhand motion.
FOUL - A violation of the rules.
FOUR SET - A set 1′ from the sideline, and 1’ to 2′ above the net.
FOUR-TWO - A 6-player offensive system using four hitters and two setters.
FREE BALL - A ball that will be returned by a pass rather than a spike. This
is usually called aloud by the defense instructing players to move into serve
receive positions.
HELD BALL - A ball that comes to rest during contact resulting in a foul.
HIT - To jump and strike the ball with an overhand, forceful shot.
HITTING PERCENTAGE – it refers to kills vs. attempts
INSIDE SHOOT - A playset or a 33.
ISOLATION PLAY - Designed to isolate the attacker on a specific defender,

normally to exploit a weakness or give a hitter a chance to hit against a
single block.
JUNGLE BALL – Any volleyball game with people who don’t really know how
to play volleyball. A common euphemism for this type of game is “Picnic
Volleyball.”
JUMP SERVE – A serve that is started by the server tossing the ball into the
air and jumping into and hitting the ball in its downward motion.
JOUST– When 2 opposing players are simultaneously attempting to play a

ball above the net.
KEY – To predict a team’s next play by observation of patterns or habits.
KILL – An attack that results in an immediate point or side out.
LINE – The marks that serve as boundaries of a court.
LINE SHOT – A ball spiked down an opponent’s sideline, closest to the hitter
and outside the block.
LET SERVE – A serve that contacts the net. If the ball dribbles over, it’s
playable just like any other ball that contacts the net on the way over. If
the ball fails to clear the net, it will become dead when it either hits the
serving team’s court, or is contacted by a player on the serving team.

8
MIDDLE-BACK – A defensive system that uses the middle back player to

cover deep spikes.
MIDDLE-UP – A defensive system that uses the middle back player to cover
dinks or short shots.
MULTIPLE OFFENSE – A system of play using different types of sets other

than just normal outside sets.
OFFSIDE BLOCK – Player at the net, which is on the side away from the
opponent’s attack.
OFF-SPEED HIT – Any ball spiked with less than maximum force but with
spin.
OUTSIDE HITTER – a left-front or right-front attacker normally taking an

approach which starts from outside the court
OVERHAND PASS – A pass executed with both hands open, controlled by the
fingers and thumbs, played just above the forehead.
OVERHAND SERVE – Serving the ball and striking it with the hand above the
shoulder.
OVERLAP – refers to the positions of the players in the rotation prior to the
contact of the ball when serving.
PANCAKE – A one-handed defensive technique where the hand is extended

and the palm is slid along the floor as the player dives or extension rolls,
and timed so that the ball bounces off the back of the hand.
FOREARM PASS- Join your arms from the elbows to the wrists and strike the
ball with the fleshy part of your forearms in an underhand motions
PENETRATION – The act of reaching across and breaking the plane of the
net during blocking.
POINT OF SERVICE – A serve that results in a point (an ace by NCAA

standards) as the serve is not returnable due to a bad pass by the receiver,
this number includes aces.
POWER ALLEY – A cross-court hit traveling away from the spiker to the
farthest point of the court.
POWER TIP – A ball that is pushed or directed with force by an attacking

team.
POWER VOLLEYBALL– A competitive style of volleyball started by the

Japanese.
QUICK – a player approaching the setter for a quick inside hit

9
QUICK SET – a set (usually 2’ above the net) in which the hitter is
approaching the setter, and may even be in the air, before the setter
delivers the ball. This type of set requires precise timing between the setter
and hitter.
READY POSITION – The flexed, yet comfortable, posture a player assumes

before moving to contact the ball.
RECEPTION ERROR – A serve that a player should have been able to return,
but results in an ace (and only in the case of an ace). If it is a
“husband/wife” play (where the ball splits the two receivers), the receiving
team is given the reception error instead of an individual.
RED CARD – a severe penalty in which an official displays a red card. The
result of a red card may be a player is disqualified, the team loses the
serve, or the team loses a point. A red card may be given with or without a
prior yellow card as a warning; it is up to the official’s discretion.
ROLL – a certain way to pass a ball in which the digger, or passer lays out an
arm, passes the ball, and rolls over the shoulder (over the shoulder roll) or
back (barrel roll) after passing the ball. This is a quick way to return to
action after the play.
ROOF – A ball that when spiked is blocked by a defensive player such that
the ball deflects straight to the floor on the attacker’s side.
ROTATION – The clockwise movement of players around the court and

through the serving position following a side out.
SERVE – One of the six basic skills; used to put the ball into play. It is the
only skill controlled exclusively by one player.
SERVER – The player who puts the ball into play.
SERVICE ERROR – An unsuccessful serve in which one or more of the

following occurs: 1) the ball hits the net or fails to clear the net, 2) the ball
lands out of bounds, or 3) the server commits a foot fault.
SERVICE WINNER – A point the serving team scores when this player has
served the ball. The point can be an immediate (in the case of an ace) or
delayed (a kill or opponent attack error after a long rally). Therefore, the
sum of the team’s service winners equals their score.
SET – The tactical skill in which a ball is directed to a point where a player
can spike it into the opponent’s court.
SETTER – the player who has the 2nd of 3 contacts of the ball who “sets”
the ball with an “Overhand Pass” for a teammate to hit. The setter normally
runs the offense.

10
SIDE OUT – Occurs when the receiving team successfully puts the ball away
against the serving team, or when the serving team commits an unforced
error, and the receiving team thus gains the right to serve.
SIX PACK – Occurs when a blocker gets hit in the head or face by a spiked
ball.
SIX-TWO – A 6-player offense using 2 setters opposite one another in the

rotation. Setter 1 becomes a hitter upon rotating into the front row as
setter 2 rotates into the back row and becomes the setter.
SPIKE – Also hit or attack. A ball contacted with force by a player on the
offensive team who intends to terminate the ball on the opponent’s floor or
off the opponent’s blocker.
STRONG SIDE – When a right-handed hitter is hitting from the left-front

position or when a left-handed hitter is hitting from the right-front position.
STUFF – A ball that is deflected back to the attacking team’s floor by the
opponent’s blockers. A slang term for “block.”
TURNING IN – the act of an outside blocker turning his/her body into the
court so as to ensure the blocked ball is deflected into the court and lands
in-bounds.
UNDERHAND SERVE – a serve in which the ball is given a slight under-hand

toss from about waist high and then struck with the opposite closed fist in
an “underhand pitching” motion.
WEAK SIDE – When a right-handed player is hitting from right-front position

or when a left-handed player is hitting from the left-front position.
WIPE – when a hitter pushes the ball off of the opposing block so it lands out
of bounds
YELLOW CARD – a warning from an official indicated by the display of a

yellow card. Any player or coach who receives two yellow cards in a match
is disqualified. A single yellow card does not result in loss of point or serve.

11
 ACTIVITY
Instruction: Determine the terms being defined on the following

statements. Write your answers on the spaces provided. Locate you
answers in the grid by opening the link provided below.
https://thewordsearch.com/puzzle/1996988
__________________1. The vertical rods (normally white and red)

mounted near the edges of the net.
__________________2. The player who puts the ball into play.
__________________3. A one-handed defensive technique where the
hand is extended and the palm is slid along the floor as the player
dives or extension rolls, and timed so that the ball bounces off the
back of the hand.
__________________4. A violation of the rules.
__________________5. A certain way to pass a ball in which the

digger, or passer lays out an arm, passes the ball, and rolls over the
shoulder (over the shoulder roll) or back (barrel roll) after passing
the ball. This is a quick way to return to action after the play.
__________________6. The player who has the 2nd of 3 contacts of
the ball who “sets” the ball with an “Overhand Pass” for a
teammate to hit. The setter normally runs the offense.
__________________7. Inside-out path of an outside spiker who hid
behind a quick hitter.
__________________8. A player approaching the setter for a quick
inside hit
__________________9. It is also known as hit or attack. A ball
contacted with force by a player on the offensive team who intends
to terminate the ball on the opponent’s floor or off the opponent’s
blocker.
__________________10. It refers to the positions of the players in
the rotation prior to the contact of the ball when serving.
__________________11. A defensive play by one or more players
meant to deflect a spiked ball back to the hitter’s court.
__________________12. A serve which does not spin or rotate and
therefore moves in an erratic path.
__________________13. The clockwise movement of players around
the court and through the serving position following a side out.
__________________14. When 2 opposing players are simultaneously
attempting to play a ball above the net.
__________________15. An attack that results in an immediate
point or side out.

12
NOTE: For those students who cannot open the link, you can download
and print this activity.

13
LESSON 2
 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
Objectives:
1. Draw the Volleyball court with the labels and measurement.
In playing the volleyball game, it is essential to know the facilities and

equipment needed. Bellow will be a discussion of these.
Volleyball Facilities
1. Playing Area. The playing area includes the playing court and the free
zone. It shall be rectangular and symmetrical.
a. Dimension. The playing court is a rectangle measuring 18 x 9 m,

surrounded by a free zone which is a minimum of 3 m wide on all
sides. The free playing space is the space above the playing area
which is free from any obstructions. The free playing space shall
measure a minimum of 7 m in height from the playing surface.
For FIVB, World and Official Competitions, the free zone shall
measure a minimum of 5 m from the side lines and 6.5 m from the
end lines. The free playing space shall measure a minimum of 12.5
m in height from the playing surface.
b. Playing Surface. The surface must be flat, horizontal and

uniform. It must not present any danger of injury to the players. It
is forbidden to play on rough or slippery surfaces. For FIVB, World
and Official Competitions, only a wooden or synthetic surface is
allowed. Any surface must be previously approved by the FIVB.
On indoor courts the surface of the playing court must be of a
light color. For FIVB, World and Official Competitions, white colors
are required for the lines. Other colors, different from each other,
are required for the playing court and the free zone.
On outdoor courts a slope of 5 mm per meter is allowed for
drainage. Court lines made of solid materials are forbidden.
c. Lines of the Court

All lines are 5 cm wide. They must be of a light color which is
different from the color of the floor and from any other lines.
 Boundary lines
Two side lines and two end lines mark the playing court. Both
side lines and end lines are drawn inside the dimensions of the
playing court.
 Centre line

14
The axis of the center line divides the playing court into two
equal courts measuring 9 x 9 m each; however the entire width of
the line is considered to belong to both courts equally. This line
extends beneath the net from side line to side line.
 Attack line
On each court, an attack line, whose rear edge is drawn 3 m
back from the axis of the center line, marks the front zone.
For FIVB, World and Official Competitions, the attack line is
extended by the addition of broken lines from the side lines, with
five 15 cm short lines 5 cm wide, drawn 20 cm from each other to
a total length of 1.75 m. The “coach’s restriction line” (broken
line which extends from the attack line to the end line of the
court, parallel to the side line and 1.75 meters from it) is
composed of 15 cm short lines drawn 20 cm apart to mark the
limit of the coach’s area of operation.
Volleyball Equipment
1. The Ball. The standard

volleyball is made of
leather or synthetic
leather, weighs
between 9 and 10
ounces and has a
circumference of 25.6
to 26.4 inches. The
ball has a rubber
bladder and can be
one color or a combination of colors. Synthetic leather is lighter and is

15
fine for beginner players. Junior volleyballs for children 12 years old and
younger weigh between 7 and 8 ounces.
2. The Net and Court. The

outdoor volleyball court
measures 18 x 9 m,
surrounded by a free zone
that is 2 meters wide on all
sides. The minimum playing
space for U.S. volleyball
competitions is 7 meters.
The volleyball net is 32 feet
long by 3 feet wide. For
women, the net should be 7
feet, 4 1/8 inches high. For
men, the net should be 7
feet, 11 5/8 inches high. U.S. regulation volleyball playing surfaces
must be flat and not present any hazards to the players.
3. Posts and Cables. The

volleyball net structure is
held together with metal
cables and posts. Posts are
placed 0.5 to 1.0 meter
outside the sidelines and
2.55 meters high. Posts
should be round, smooth
and padded, to prevent
injury to the players should
they dive or crash into
them. Metal wires and
cables may need to be
covered if it is determined
that they present a danger
to the players
4. Antenna and Side Bands. Antenna is a flexible rod that measures 1.8
meters long made of fiberglass, fastened at the outer edge of each side
band. Side bands are two white bands attached vertically to the net and
placed above each sideline.

16
5. Clothing and Jewelry

All clothing should be
lightweight to allow maximum
flexibility and breath-ability,
as well as made of a material
that absorbs sweat and keeps
skin dry. Spandex shorts are a
good option, as they are
flexible, light and absorb
odor. Socks, while not
required, absorb sweat and
prevent blisters. Jewelry is
not permitted in volleyball,
with the exception of smooth
wedding bands. Glasses must
be worn with a strap to keep
them secure.
 ACTIVITY
Draw the Volleyball court. Label the parts of the different

areas and write its measurements. (Use short bond paper)

17
LESSON 3
Objective:
 BASIC SKILLS IN PLAYING
VOLLEYBALL
1. Apply the basic skills of volleyball through individual virtual

presentations.
Volleyball is widely played around the world. Playing this game is fun
and challenging but for you to play it, you need to familiarize yourself on
the basic skills on how to play the game. According to the FIVB (2020) here
are the basic skills in playing volleyball.
1. SERVE
A serve begins each rally. A player must
hit the ball with his or her hand over the net
to land inside the lines of the court. Players
may serve underarm or overarm (hardly
anyone at elite level would offer an underarm
serve). A popular serve is the "jump" or "spike"
serve: the player jumps and serves the ball
while airborne.
Each player gets only one chance to serve.

The serve can touch the net and continue into
the opponent's court. Before this rule was
introduced, a net touch on service ended the
rally and the point was awarded to the
receiving team. When the serving team loses
a rally, it loses the right to serve. The
receiving team then rotates one position on
the court
2. SET
The "set" is an overhead pass used to
change the direction of the dig and put the
ball in a good position for the spiker.
It is usually the team's second contact.

Setting is the tactical centre of Volleyball. A
setter must be good enough to keep the big
blockers from dominating the net. The setter
must feed his or her best hitters while also
looking for opponent's blocking weaknesses
(such as a short player on the front line or a
slow centre blocker)

18
3. DIG
The "dig" is a forearm pass that is
used to control the ball and pass
it to the setter at the net. It is
usually the first contact by the
team and an effective shot to use
in defense, such as when
receiving a spike. The "libero"
handles much of the team's serve
reception and is pivotal in
backcourt defense.
4. SPIKE
The "spike" is when the ball is
hit or smashed across the net. It
is the most powerful shot in
volleyball – and the most
effective way to win a rally.
5. BLOCK
This is the first line of defense in Volleyball. The objective of the "block"
is to stop the spiked ball from crossing the net or to channel the spike to
defenders. The three front-court players share blocking.
Teams usually opt for a "read

and react" block (whereby they try
to react to the ball leaving the
setter's hands) or for a "commit"
block (whereby they decide before
the point whether to jump on the
quick middle balls).
The key to good blocking is
penetration – the best blockers
reach well over the net and into
the opponent's court rather than
reaching straight up, when the
block can be easily penetrated by
quality hitters.

19
VOLLEYBALL POSITIONS
1. Outside Hitter
The outside hitter – also known as the left-side hitter – attacks from
the left antenna and requires a player with good jumping ability.
The outside hitter is often the focal point of the offense and
completes most of the attack hits. They must be able to adjust to
sets coming from any location, as well as hit from the front and back
rows.
On defense, they often receive the serve. Many outside hitters

possess good back row skills and remain in the game for all rotations.
They also work with the middle hitter in blocking opponent’s shots.
Responsibilities:
- Play in both the front and back row.
- Be the go-to hitter.
- One of the primary passers.
- Read the opponent’s defense and call out hitters.
- Block, often with the middle blocker.
2. Opposite Hitter
This position – also known as the right-side hitter – plays near the
right antenna. Opposite hitters tend to be players who have the most
versatility and can excel on both offense and defense. The opposite
hitter also needs to possess solid jumping skills.
Opposite hitters must be able to hit the ball from the front and back
rows. They also need to be ready to set the ball if the setter cannot
do it. Defensively, they line up against the opponent’s outside hitter
and need to be able to work with the middle blocker on blocks.
Responsibilities:
- Act as a backup setter on offense.
- Attack the ball when receiving a set.
- Block opponent’s outside hitter.
- Work with the middle hitter on blocks.
- Dig for quick attacks.
3. Setter
This position is essentially the quarterback or point guard of the
team. A setter runs the team’s offense. They aim to receive the
second touch, setting it for an attacking player. Due to this
responsibility, they need to have strong communication skills as they
direct the offense and make quick decisions on the court.

20
A setter should be able to identify the opponent’s blockers and single

out which one is the weakest.
Since they can play in either the front or back row, setters need to be
ready to block, dig and receive a serve on defense.
Responsibilities:
- Run the offense.
- Set the ball for teammates.
- Use a “dump shot” to keep opponents off balance.
- Be a vocal leader.
- Dig and block on defense.
- Identify blockers.
4. Middle Blocker/Hitter
This spot is known as either the middle blocker or middle hitter. The
team’s tallest athlete tends to play here. Their additional height can
help the player excel in this role.
On defense, the middle blocker blocks the center area of the net and
has to be ready for the opponent’s quick middle attacks. But they
also need to move to either side to help teammates close blocks with
the opposite hitter and outside hitter.
On offense, they play near the setter to execute fast attacks. The
middle hitter must be able to read the setter and adjust their
approach to get the most of their attack. They can also act as a
decoy to help confuse opponents and spread out their blockers.
Responsibilities:
- Read the opponent’s hitters to set up blocks.
- Block opponent’s shots.
- Use quick attacks on offense.
- Act as a decoy on offense.
5. Libero
This position focuses on defense. Liberos only play in the back row
and often receive the attack or serve. Players with good passing and
defensive skills have the most success at this position.
However, liberos do play a key role on offense. They need to be able

to turn the first touch into a solid pass to the setter. They also may
need to set the ball from the back row if the setter isn’t available.
Liberos can come in and out of the game as needed and do not count
against a team’s substitutions. They also wear different colored
jerseys to distinguish themselves from their teammates. But there are

21
several things a libero cannot do. They cannot block, set an attack
from the front court or attack the ball above the height of the net.
Responsibilities:
- Replace certain players in the back row.
- Be ready to dig an opponent’s attack.
- Receive the opponent’s serve.
- Set the ball if the setter isn’t available.
6. Defensive Specialist
This is another spot that’s all about playing defense. Defensive
specialists come in to replace a player who may not have the right
skills for the back row. Unlike the libero, defensive specialists must
make a substitution with the referees. Since teams may only have a
certain number of substitutions depending on their league rules,
defensive specialists are limited to certain situations.
Another key difference between the libero and defensive specialists

is that defensive specialists can play any spot on the court. While a
libero will sub out after rotating through the back row, a defensive
specialist can technically stay in and play the front row if needed.
Responsibilities:
- Replace certain players in the back row.
- Be ready to dig or pursue.
- Be ready to play in the front row if needed.
- Play as a back-row hitter.

22
 ACTIVITY
Perform the following skills essentials in playing volleyball:
1. WALL VOLLEYING
a. Get a volley ball (borrow from your barangay hall if you
don't have your own)
b. Measure 5 feet and mark the wall.
c. Volley the ball back and forth to the wall. Make sure you
are hitting the 5 feet mark.
d. Your goal is 20 hits. Count as you hit the 5 feet mark on
the wall on a continuous manner. Once the ball drops,
the counting stops.
2. BALL CONTROL
a. Draw 2 circles around you on the floor( make sure the
floor is a flat surface and the vertical clearance of the
area is at least 10 feet from the floor). The 1st circle
should 11 feet diameter and 2nd circle should be 8 feet
diameter.
b. Volley the ball vertically infront of you with the height
of using your closed fist clasped together.
c. Your goal is 20 hits. For the first round, volley just
within the 8-diameter circle. When the ball is one foot
above you, start counting 1. Once the ball drops, the
counting stops.
d. For the second round, do the same ball control task, this
time with one meter approximately above you. Do this
within the 11 meter diameter circle. Once the ball
drops, the counting stops.
Authentic Scoring System

1 - 3 = 3 points
4 - 6 = 6 points
7 - 9 = 9 points
10 - 12 = 12 points
13 - 15 = 15 points
16 - 18 = 18 points
19 - 20 = 20 points
Note: RECORD YOUR PERFORMANCE. SUBMIT IN THE POSTED

ACTIVITY IN THE GOOGLE CLASSROOM.

23
LESSON 4
 RULES AND REGULATIONS
Objective:
1. Evaluate a volleyball game by identifying the different faults and
violations done by the players.
Sports rules are the regulations that govern competitive games and are
agreed upon by teams in order to set the structure of a sport. Through a
competitive set of rules, sports regulations are designed to ensure the
safety of both the athletes and the equipment involved in the sport without
prohibitively impacting the intentions of the gameplay. Sports regulations
are found in every sport and primarily define the systems of scoring while
controlling which sporting equipment can accompany each game type.
Playing Actions
A. Ball In Play
The ball is in play from the moment of the hit of the service
authorized by the 1st referee
B. Ball Out of Play

The ball is out of play at the moment of the fault which is whistled by
one of the referees; in the absence of a fault, at the moment of the
whistle
C. Ball “In”
The ball is “in” if at any moment of its contact with the floor, some
part of the ball touches the court, including the boundary lines.
D. Ball “Out”
1. All parts of the ball which contact the floor are completely outside
the boundary lines;
2. It touches an object outside the court, the ceiling or a person out
of play;
3. It touches the antennae, ropes, posts or the net itself outside the
side bands;
4. It crosses the vertical plane of the net either partially or totally
outside the crossing space, except in the case of rule 10.1.2;
5. It crosses completely the lower space under the net.
Faults
A. Any playing action contrary to the rules is a playing fault.

24
B. The Referees judge the faults and determine the penalties according
to the rules.
C. Consequences of a Fault
1. The consequence of a fault is a loss of rally. The opponent of the
team committing the fault wins the rally and scores a point.
2. If two or more faults are committed successively, only the first
one is penalized.
3. If two or more faults are committed by two opponents
simultaneously, a double fault is committed, and the rally is
replayed.
4. Faults in playing the ball:

a) Four (4) Hits: A team contacts the ball four (4) times before
returning it to the opponents.
b) Assisted Hit: A player takes support from a teammate or any

structure/object to reach the ball.
c) Held Ball: A player does not contact the ball cleanly
d) Double Contact: A player contacts the ball twice in succession,

or the ball contacts various parts of the body successively.
e) Illegal Hit: A player in a non-playing area plays the ball.
Playing the Ball
A. Each team must play within its own playing area and space.
Team Hits
A hit is any contact with the ball by

a player in play.
The team is entitled to a maximum
of three hits (in addition to
blocking),
for returning the ball. If more are
used, the team commits the fault of
“FOUR HITS”.
A. CONSECUTIVE CONTACTS
A player may not hit the ball two
times consecutively.

25
B. SIMULTANEOUS CONTACTS
Two or three players may touch the ball at the same moment.
a. When two (or three) team-mates touch the ball simultaneously, it
is counted as two (or three) hits (with the exception of blocking).
If they reach for the ball, but only one of them touches it, one hit
is counted. A collision of players does not constitute a fault.
b. When two opponents touch the ball simultaneously over the net
and the ball remains in play, the team receiving the ball is
entitled to another three hits. If such a ball goes “out”, it is the
fault of the team on the opposite side.
c. If simultaneous hits by two opponents over the net lead to an
extended contact with the ball, play continues.
C. ASSISTED HIT
Within the playing area, a player is not permitted to take support
from a team-mate or any structure/object in order to hit the ball.
However, a player who is about to commit a fault (touch the net or

cross the center line, etc.) may be stopped or held back by a
teammate.
Net Play
A. The ball sent to the opponent's

court must go over the net
within thecrossing space. The
crossing space is the part of the
vertical plane of the net limited
as follows.
1. Below, by the of the net.
2. At the sides, by the
antennae and their
imaginary extension.
3. Above the ceiling,
B. The ball that has crossed the net plane to the opponent's free zone
totally or partly through the external space, may be played back
within the team hits, provided that the opponent's court is not
touched by the player; the ball, when played back, crosses the net
plane again totally or partly; The ball that is heading towards the
opponent’s court through the lower space is in play until the moment
it has completely crossed the vertical plane of the net.
26
through the external space on the same side of the court.
C. Ball in the Net

1. A ball driven into the net may be recovered within the limits of
the three team hits.
2. If the ball rips the mesh of the net or tears it down, the rally is
cancelled and replayed.
D. Reaching Beyond the Net

1. In blocking, a player may touch the ball beyond the net, provided
that he/she does not interfere with the opponent’s play before or
during the latter's attack hit.
2. After an attack hit, a player is permitted to pass his/her hand
beyond the net, provided that the contact has been made within
his/her own playing space.
E. Under the Net

1. It is permitted to penetrate into the opponent’s space under
the net, provided that this does not interfere with the
opponent’s play.
2. Penetration into the opponent’s court, beyond the
centerline to:
a. Touch the opponent’s court with a foot or feet is permitted
provided that some part of the penetrating foot/feet remains
either in contact with or directly above the centerline.
b. to touch the opponent’s court with any part of the body

above the feet is permitted provided that it does not interfere
with the opponent’s play.
F. Contact with the Net
1. Contact with the net by a player between the antennae, during the
action of playing the ball, is a fault.
The action of playing the ball includes (among others) take-off, hit
(or attempt) and landing safely, ready for a new action.
2. Players may touch the post, ropes, or any other object outside the
antennae, including the net itself, provided that it does not interfere
with the play.
3. When the ball is driven into the net, causing it to touch an
opponent, no fault is committed.
Players Fault at Net

1. A player touches the ball or an opponent in the opponent's space
before or during the opponent’s attack hit.
27
2. A player interferes with the opponent's play while penetrating into

the opponent’s space under the net.
3. A player’s foot (feet) penetrates completely into the opponent's court
4. A player interferes with play by (amongst others):
a. touching the net between the antennae or the antenna itself
during his/her action of playing the ball,
b. using the net between the antennae as a support or stabilizing
aid
c. creating an unfair advantage over the opponent by touching the
net
d. making actions which hinder an opponent’s legitimate attempt to
play the ball,
e. catching/ holding on to the net
Any player close to the ball as it is played, and who is

him/herself trying to play it, is considered in the action of
playing the ball, even if no contact is made with it.
However, touching the net outside the antenna is not to be
considered a fault.
Service
A. The service is the act of putting the
ball into play by the right back-row
player (player position 1), placed in
the service zone, who hits the ball
with one hand or arm.
B. First Service in a Game

1. The first service of games one
and three (deciding game) is
executed by the team
determined by the coin toss.
2. The other games will be
started with the service by the
team that did not serve first in
the previous game.
C. Service Order
1. The players must follow the service order recorded on the
game sheet.
2. After the first service in a game, the player to serve is
determined as follows:
a. When the serving team wins the rally, the player who served
before, serves again.
b. When the receiving team wins the rally, it gains the right to
serve and rotates. The player who moves from the right front-
row position (player position 2) to the right back-row position
(player position 1) will serve.

28
D. The first Referee authorizes the service after having checked that
the server is in possession of the ball and that the teams are ready
to play.
E. Execution of the Service

1. The server may move freely within the service zone. At the
moment of the service hit or takeoff for a jump service, the
server must be completely in the service zone and no touch
the court (end line included) nor the playing surface outside
the zone. After the service, the player may step or land
outside the zone including the court.
2. The server must contact the ball within eight (8) seconds after
the first Referee whistles for service.
3. A service executed before the Referee’s whistle is canceled

and repeated.
4. After clearly being tossed or released, the ball shall be

contacted with one hand or any part of one arm before it
touches the playing surface.
F. The server will only have one (1) toss of the ball to execute the
service. Allowing the ball to fall to the floor after tossing it whether
it was touched by the server or not will result in an illegal service and
loss of the rally.
H. Illegal Service
The following faults lead to change or service even if the opponent
has a position fault:
1. The server
a) violates the service order,
b) does not execute the service properly, or
c) violates the rule of service tossing error.
Faults Made during the service

The following faults lead to a change of service even if the opponent
is out of position. The server:
a) violates the service order
b) does not execute the service properly.
Faults after the service hit.

After the ball has been correctly hit, the service becomes a fault
(unless a player is out of position) if the ball:
a) touches a player of the serving team or fails to cross the
vertical plane of the net completely through the crossing
space;
b) goes “out”
c) passes over a screen.
29
SERVING FAULTS AND POSITIONAL FAULTS

1. If the server makes a fault at the moment of the service hit (improper
execution, wrong rotational order, etc.) and the opponent is out of position,
it is the serving fault which is sanctioned.
2. Instead, if the execution of the service has been correct, but the
service subsequently becomes faulty (goes out, goes over a screen,
etc.), the positional fault has taken place first and is sanctioned.
Attack-Hit
A. All actions directing the ball toward the

opponent except a serve or a block, are
considered to be attack-hits.
B. During an attack-hit, tipping is permitted
only if the ball is cleanly hit, and not
caught or thrown.
C. An attack hit is completed at the
moment the ball completely crosses the
vertical plane of the net or is touched by
an opponent
D. Restrictions to a Back-Row Players

Attack Hit
1. A front-row player may complete
an attack hit at any height, provided
that the contact with the ball has been made within the player's own
playing space
2. A back-row player may complete an attack hit at any height from
behind the front zone.
3. A back-row player may also complete an attack hit from the front
zone, if at the moment of the contact a part of the ball is lower than
the top of the net..
4. No player is permitted to complete an attack hit on the
OPPONENT’S service, when the ball is in the front zone and entirely
higher than the top of the net.
Faults on the Attack Hit
1. A player hits the ball within the playing space of the opposing team.
2. A player hits the ball “out”.
3. back-row player completes an attack hit from the front zone, if at
the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the
net.
4. A player completes an attack hit on the opponent's service, when the
ball is in the front zone and entirely higher than the top of the net.
30
5. A Libero completes an attack hit if at the moment of the hit the ball
is entirely higher than the top of the net.
6. A player completes an attack hit from higher than the top of the net
7. when the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in
his/ her front zone.
Block
Blocking is the action of players close
to the net to intercept the ball
coming from the opponent by reaching
higher than the top of the net,
regardless of the height of the ball
contact. Only front-row players are
permitted to complete a block, but at
the moment of the contact with the
ball, a part of the body must be higher
than the top of the net.
A. To be considered a blocker, the player(s) must reach above the net

sometime during the effort. A blocker ceases to be a blocker only
when he/she returns to the floor or makes a subsequent attempt to
play the ball.
C. Block Attempt: A block attempt is the action of blocking without

touching the ball.
C. Completed Block: A block is completed whenever the ball is

touched by a blocker.
E. Collective Block: A collective block is executed by two or three

players close to each other and is completed when one of them
touches the ball.
Team Hits
1. A block contact is not counted as a team hit. Consequently,
after a block contact, a team is entitled to three hits to return
the ball.
2. The first hit after the block may be executed by any player,
including the one who has touched the ball during the block.
F. Block within the opponent’s space

In blocking, the player may place his/her hands and arms beyond
the net, provided that this action does not interfere with the
opponent’s play. Thus, it is not permitted to touch the ball beyond
the net until an opponent has executed an attack hit.
G. Blocking Contact

31
Consecutive (quick and continuous) contacts with the ball may

occur by one or more blockers, provided that the contacts are made
during one action.
Blocking Faults
1. A blocker touches the ball in the opponent’s space before or

simultaneous with the opponent’s attack-hit.
2. A back-row player or a Libero completes a block or participates
in a completed block
3. Blocking the opponent’s service.
4. The ball is sent “out” off the block.
5. Blocking the ball in the opponent’s space from outside the
antenna.
6. A Libero attempts an individual or collective block..
Reference: FIVB-Volleyball_Rules_2017-2020-EN-v06
 ACTIVITY
1. Watch a volleyball game preferably played in the Philippines

(there are recorded games available in YouTube)
2. Identify different faults and violations done by the players.
3. Attach the link of the game watched when you submit though
Google Classroom.

32
LESSON 5
 OFFICIATING OFFICIALS AND

Objectives:
1. Perform the official hand signals.
OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
In playing the volleyball game, the duties and functions of officials
should be defined because it is important for each player to know the limits
of the authority and his relationship to others.
The officials are composed of the first referee, the second referee, the
scorer, and the linesmen.
1. FIRST REFEREE
 The first referee is located at one end of the net. He carries out
his functions seated or standing on a referee’s hand
 The first referee directs the match from the start until the end.
 He has the authority to overall officials and the members of the
teams.
 During the match his decisions are final.
 To sanction misconduct.
 To decide upon the faults.
 He has the power to decide any matter involving the game,
including those not provided for in rules.
2. SECOND REFEREE
 He is the assistant of the first referee, but also his own range of
jurisdiction.
 He controls the work of the scorer.
 He checks that the actual positions of the players on the court
corresponding to those on the line up sheets.
 During the match, the second referee decides, whistles, and
signals.
o Positional faults.
o The contact of the player with the net.
o Penetration into the opponent’s court space under the net.
o The attack hit or blocking faults of the back row players.
o The ball that crosses the net outside the crossing space or
touches the antenna on his side of the court
 He supervisessssss the team members on the team bench and
reports their misconduct to the first referee.
 He controls the numbers of time outs and substitutions used by
each team and reports the second timeout.
3. SCORERS

33
 He keeps the score sheet according to the rules, cooperating with

the second referee.
 Register the data of the match and teams, according to procedures
in force and obtains the signatures of the captains and the
coaches.
 Records the starting lineup of each team from line up sheet.
 He also records the points scored and ensures that the scoreboard
indicates the right score.
 Controls the serving order to each team.
 Records the time-outs and players substitutions.
 Notifies the referees of a request for interruptions that is out of
order.
 Announces to the referees the ends of each sets.
 Records the sanctions, warnings, and penalties.
 Record the final result.
 He will signing the score sheet.
 He writes or permits the team captain to write on the score sheet
a statement on the incident protested.
4. LINE JUDGES
 The line judges perform their functions by using flags.
 They signal the ball “in” and “out” whenever the ball lands their
line/s.
 They signal the touches of out ball by the team receiving the ball.
 They signal when the ball crosses the net outside the crossing
space, touching the antenna.
 The line judges in charge of the end lines signal the foot faults of
the server.
 At the first referee’s request, a line judges must repeat his signal.

34
1. AUTHORIZATION TO SERVE
Move the hand to indicate direction of service
2. TEAM TO SERVE
Extend the arm to the side of team that will
serve
3. CHANGE OF COURT
Raise the forearms front and back and twist
them around the body
4. TIME-OUT
Place the palm of one hand over the fingers
of the other, held vertically (forming a T) and
then indicate the requesting team
5. SUBSTITUTION
Circular motion of the forearms around each
other
6. MISCONDUCT WARNING
Show a yellow card for warning
7. MISCONDUCT PENALTY
Show a red card for penalty
8. EXPULSION
Show both red and yellow card for expulsion

35
9. DISQUALIFICATION
Show red and yellow cards separately for
disqualification
10. END OF SET (OR MATCH)

Cross the forearms in front of the chest,
hands open
11. BALL NOT TOSSED OR RELEASED AT THE

SERVICE HIT
Lift the extended arm, the palm of the hand
facing upwards
12. DELAY IN SERVICE

Raise eight fingers, spread open
13. BLOCKING FAULT OR SCREENING

Raise both arms vertically, palms forward
14. POSITIONAL OR ROTATIONAL FAULT

Make a circular motion with the forefinger
15. BALL “IN”

Point the arm and fingers toward the floor

36
16. BALL “OUT”

Raise the forearms vertically, hands oen,
palms towards the body
17. CATCH
Slowly lift the forearm, palm of the hand
facing upwards
18. DOUBLE CONTACT

Raise two fingers, spread open
19. FOUR HITS

Raise four fingers, spread open
20. NET TOUCHED BY PLAYER – SERVED BALL

TOUCHES THE NET BETWEEN THE ANTENNAE
AND DOES NOT PASS THE VERTICAL PLANE OF
THE NET
Indicate the relevant side of the net with the
corresponding hand
21. REACHING BEYOND THE NET

Place a hand above the net, palm facing
downwards
22. ATTACK HIT FAULT

- by a back row player, by a libero or on
the opponent’s service.
- on an overhead finger pass by the libero
in his/her front zone or its extension
Make a downward motion with the forearm,
hand open

37
23. PENETRATION INTO THE OPPONENT’S COURT,

BALL CROSSING THE LOWER SPACE OR THE
SERVER TOUCH THE COURT (END LINE) OR
THE PLAYER STEPS OUTSIDE HIS/HER COURT
AT THE MOMENT OF THE SERVICE HIT
Point to the center line or to the relevant line
24. DOUBLE FAULT AND REPLAY

Raise both thumbs vertically
25. BALL TOUCHED

Brush with the palm of one hand the fingers
of the other, held vertically
26. DELAY WARNING/ DELAY PENALTY

Cover the wrist with a yellow card (warning)
and with a red card (penalty)
LINE JUDGES’ OFFICIAL FLAG SIGNALS
1. BALL “IN”
Point down with flag
2. BALL “OUT”
Raise flag vertically
3. BALL TOUCHED
Raise flag and touch the top with the palm of
the free hand

38
4. CROSSING SPACE FAULTS, BALL TOUCHED AN

OUTSIDE OBJECT, OR FOOT FAULT BY ANY
PLAYER DURING SERVICE
Wave flag over the head and point to the
antenna or the respective line
5. JUDGEMENT IMPOSSIBLE
Raise and cross both arms and hands in front
of the chest
 ACTIVITY
1. Perform at least ten(10) Referees’ official hand

signals. Observe proper posture and execution.
2. Take a photo of each position.

39
 MODULE SUMMARY
Congratulations! You are halfway through your journey in team sports

education. In this module, you were able to learn essential information you
need in order to play Volleyball namely: the history of the game, the
important terminologies used in the game, basic skills in playing, rules and
regulations, officials and officiating hand signals. You are now ready to
move on to the last module. Enjoy learning more!

Phed 104 Module 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Phed 104 Module 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MODULE II

LESSON I HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL

LESSON II FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

LESSON III BASIC SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL

LESSON IV RULES AND REGULATION

LESSON V OFFICIATING OFFICIALS AND

After studying the module, you should be able to:

1. Trace the history of Volleyball;

 DIRECTIONS/ MODULE ORGANIZER

Good luck and happy reading!!!

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

1. Identify the terms used in playing volleyball.

Volleyball is played in various places around the globe. According to

YMCA Director William G. Morgan invented the game of volleyball in

The physical education directors of the YMCA, encouraged particularly by

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

By 1913 the development of volleyball on the Asian continent was assured

An indication of the growth of volleyball in the United States is given in an

In 1916, the YMCA managed to induce the powerful National Collegiate

TERMS COMMONLY USED IN VOLLEYBALL

ACE – A serve that is not passable and results immediately in a point.

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

ATTACKER – Also known as “hitter” or “spiker.” A player who attempts to

ATTACK BLOCK – Receiving players’ aggressive attempt to block a spiked

ATTACK ERROR – An unsuccessful attack which does one of the following:

1. the ball lands out of bounds,

3. the ball is blocked by the opposition for a point or sideout,

4. the attacker is called for a center line violation,

5. the attacker is called for illegal contact(lift, double hit) on the

BLOCK - A defensive play by one or more players meant to deflect a spiked

BUMP PASS - The use of joined forearms to pass or set a ball in an

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

CAMPFIRE – A ball that falls to the floor in an area that’s surrounded by

CLOSING THE BLOCK - The responsibility of the assisting blocker(s) to join

CROSS COURT SHOT - An individual attack directed at an angle from one

DINK - A legal push of the ball around or over blockers.

DOUBLE BLOCK - Two players working in unison to deflect an attacked ball

DOUBLE HIT - Successive hits or contacts by the same player. (Illegal)

FIVE SET - A back set to the right front hitter.

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

FOUL - A violation of the rules.

HITTING PERCENTAGE – it refers to kills vs. attempts

INSIDE SHOOT - A playset or a 33.

ISOLATION PLAY - Designed to isolate the attacker on a specific defender,

JOUST– When 2 opposing players are simultaneously attempting to play a

KEY – To predict a team’s next play by observation of patterns or habits.

KILL – An attack that results in an immediate point or side out.

LINE – The marks that serve as boundaries of a court.

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

MIDDLE-BACK – A defensive system that uses the middle back player to

MULTIPLE OFFENSE – A system of play using different types of sets other

OUTSIDE HITTER – a left-front or right-front attacker normally taking an

PANCAKE – A one-handed defensive technique where the hand is extended

POINT OF SERVICE – A serve that results in a point (an ace by NCAA

POWER TIP – A ball that is pushed or directed with force by an attacking

POWER VOLLEYBALL– A competitive style of volleyball started by the

QUICK – a player approaching the setter for a quick inside hit

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II

READY POSITION – The flexed, yet comfortable, posture a player assumes

ROTATION – The clockwise movement of players around the court and

SERVER – The player who puts the ball into play.

SERVICE ERROR – An unsuccessful serve in which one or more of the

PHED 104 – Team Sports Module II