LEVELLING INSTRUMENTS

DUMPY LEVEL
Dumpy level is an optical surveying leveling instrument
consisting a telescope tube firmly secured in two collars fixed
by adjusting screws to the stage by the vertical spindle.The
telescope of dumpy level can rotate only in a horizontal plane.
Relative elevation of different points of a surveying land is
determined with dumpy level. The dumpy level is mainly used
in surveying to determine relative height and distance among
different locations of a surveying land.

WYE LEVEL
Y level or Wye-level consists y-shaped frames which
supports the telescope. Telescope cane be removed from the y-
shaped supports by releasing clamp screws provided. These y-
shaped frames are arranged to vertical spindle which helps to
cause the rotation of telescope. Compared to dumpy level,
adjustments can be rapidly tested in y- level. But, there may be a
chance of frictional wear of open parts of level.

CUSHING’S LEVEL
In case of Cushing’s level, the telescope is restricted against rotation in its longitudinal
axis and it is non-removable. But, the object end and eye piece end can be interchangeable and
reversible.

TILTING LEVEL
Tilting level consist a telescope which enabled for the
horizontal rotation as well as rotation about 4 degree in its
vertical plane. Centering of bubble can be easily done in this type
of level. But, for every setup bubble is to be centered with the
help of tilting screw.The main advantage of tilting level is it is
useful when the few observations are to be taken with one setup
of level.

COOKE’S REVERSIBLE LEVEL

Cooke’s reversible level is the combination of dumpy
level and y-level. In this instrument, the telescope can be reversed
without rotation the instrument. Collimation error can be
eliminated in this case because of bubble left and bubble right
reading of telescope.

AUTOMATIC LEVEL
Automatic level is like the dumpy level. In this case the
telescope is fixed to its supports. Circular spirit can be attached to
the side of the telescope for approximate leveling. For more
accurate leveling, compensator is attached inside the telescope.