Second Homecoming and The Liga Filipina

 June 1892, Rizal’s bold return his second homecoming

 Rizal firmly believe that the fight for Filipino liberties had assumed a new
phrase: it must be fought in the Philippines not in Spain. “The battlefield is
in the Philippines,” he told countrymen in Europe, “There is where we
should meet.. There we will help one another, there together we will
suffer or triumph perhaps.”

Arrival in Manila with Sister

 June 26, 1892- Sunday at 12:00 noon, Rizal and his widowed sister Lucia
arrived in Manila
 In the afternoon, at 4:00 o’clock he went to Malacanang Palace to seek
audience with the Spanish governor general Eulogio Despujol, Conde de
Caspe.
 June 27, 1892- at 6:00 pm, Rizal boarded a train in Tutuban Station and
visited his friends in:
o Malolos, Bulacan
o San Fernando, Pampanga
o Tarlac, Tarlac
o Bacoor, Pampanga
 Rizal returned by train to Manila on the next day, June 28 at 5 o’clock in the
afternoon.

Foundling of the Liga Filipina

 July 3, 1892- on the evening of Sunday, following his morning interview with
Governor General Despujol, Rizal attended a meeting with patriots at the
home of the Chinese-Filipino mestizo, Doroteo Ongjunco on Ylaya Street,
Tondo Manila.
 Rizal explained the objectives of the Liga Filipina, a civic league of Filipinos,
which he desired to establish and its role in the socio-economic life of the
people.
 The officers of the new league were elected, as follows:
o Ambrosio Salvador (President)
o Deodato Arellano (Secretary)
o Bonifacio Arevalo (Treasurer)
o Agustin de la Rosa (Fiscal)
 Exile of Rizal
o Domingo Franco (President and Supreme leader)
o Deodato Arellano (Secretary/Treasurer)
o Isidro Francisco (Fiscal)
o Apolinario Mabini (Secretary)
 Founding of the Liga Filipina - a civic league of Filipinos, which he desired
to establish and its role on the socio-economic life of the people.
1. To unite the archipelago into one compact and homogenous body.
2. Mutual protection in every want and necessity.
 3. Defense against all violence and injustice.
4. Encourage of Education, agriculture and commerce.
5. Study of application and reforms.
 Unus Instar Omnium (One like all)- the motto of the Liga Filipina
 The governing body of the league was the Supreme Council which had
jurisdiction over the whole country.
 The duties of the Liga members are as follows:
o obey the orders of the Supreme Council
o to help in recruiting new members
o to keep on strictest secrecy the decisions of the Liga authorities
o to have a symbolic name which he cannot change until he becomes
presidents of the council
o to report to the fiscal anything that he may hear which affects the Liga
o to behave well and benefits a good Filipino
o to help fellow members in all ways.

 July 6 (Wednesday)
Rizal went to Malacanang to resume his series of interviews with governor
general. The governor general showed some printed leaflets were entitled Pobres
Frailes (Poor Friars). Rizal denied having those leaflets. Despite his denial and insistent
demand for investigation. He was placed under arrest and escorted to Fort Santiago by
Ramon Despujol the nephew and aide of Governor General.

 July 7
Gaceta de Manila published the story of Rizal's arrest the same issue the
gubernatorial decree gave him the reasons for Rizal's deportation as follows:
1. Rizal published books and articles abroad which showed disloyalty to Spain
which were “frankly anti Catholic and“prudently anti-friar.
2. A few hours after his arrival “there was found in his packages… a bundle of
handbills entitled “Pobres Frailes”.
3. His novel “El Filibusterismo” was dedicated to the memory of the three traitors.
4. The end to which he pursues in his efforts and writings is to tear from the loyal
Filipino beats the treasures of our “catholic faith”

 July 15, 1892 (12:30 a.m.)

Rizal was brought under heavy guard to the streamer Cebu which was sailing to
Dapitan (1:00 a.m.) the streamer under Captain Delgras departed sailing south, passing
Mindoro and Panay.

 July 17, 1892

Reached Dapitan at 7:00 in the evening. Captain Delgras handed Rizal over to
Captain Ricardo Carnicero, Spanish commandant of Dapitan the same night, Rizal began
his exile in Dapitan which would last until July 31, 1896, a period of four years.