Name: Quinn Freeby Date: October 10, 2019

ELL Theories Jigsaw

Reading assignments for Jigsaw:

1. Noam Clomsky

2. Stephen Krashen

3. Jim Cummins

My notes for assigned selection # 2

Stephen Krashen –
Natural Order Hypothesis: we acquire language in a predictable order.
The Language Acquisition: Using language for communication and or knowing about
language.
The monitor hypothesis: conscious learning, monitoring on focusing of correctness plan,
edit, and know the rule.
Input comprehension hypothesis- we acquire language when we understand messages
The affective filter hypothesis- affective variables prevent inputs from reaching the
language acquisitions.

Important Terms and Definitions:

Language acquisition is subconscious while language learning is conscious.

Other notes from “expert group:”

#3 Jim Cummings

BICS – parts
(context embedded)
- 1-1 Social conversations
- Gestures, tone, reaction

(context reduced)
- phone conversation (no cues hard to understand/here tone)

CALP
(cognitive demanding)
- analyzing & synthesizing
 - higher level thinking/ multiple choice test

(cognitive undemanding)
- minimal thinking
- playground question, yes/no questions

undemanding

embedded reduced

demanding

Notes from “home group” about selections:

#1 Noam Clomsky

Universal Grammar Theory

- Language is pre-organized in our brain
- Generative grammar: set of rules that help us understand sentences but of which
we are totally unaware.
- A set of unconscious constraints that let us decide whether a sentence is correctly
formed

#3 Jim Cummins

BICS – basic inter-communication skills

CALP – cognitive academic language proficiency

Conversational 2-5 years

Academic 4-7 years