HAWASSA UNIVERSITY

HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
VIDEO CONFERENCING TECHNOLOGY

NAME ID NO.
1. FEKADU SHENTEMA SGS/015/03
2 .SEIFU SISAY SGS/035/03
3.REKIK HIBISTU SGS/032/03
4 .TADELE FILE SGS/037/03

1/ A power station is fed through a 10,000 m long concrete lined tunnel of 5.0 m diameter operating u
The discharge through the tunnel is 30 m3/s. A surge tank of 300m2 area has been provided at the
Calculat a/ The max. upsurge in the tank.
b/ The min. down surge in the tank.
Assume a friction factor for the concrete lined tunnel as 0.016.

GIVEN Required
Tunnel Zmax. = ?
Lt = 10,000m Hgross = 200 m Zmin. = ?
Dt = 5.0m As = 300 m2
Q = 30 m3/s
 Solution
At = πDt2/4 = π*52/4 = 19.64m2
Vt = Q/At = 30/ 19.64 = 1.53m/s
Head loss of tunnel, hft = f *Lt* Vt2/(2*Dt*g)
hft = 0.016*1000*1.532/(2*9.81*5)
hft = 3.82 m

Therefore, Zmax. = Q*√{(As*Lt)/(At*g)}/As

Zmax. = 30*√{(300*10,000)/(19.64*9.81)}/300
Zmax. = 12.48m

Po = hft/Zmax.=3.82/12.48 = 0.306
Therefore,max. upsurge,Z.
Z/Zmax. = 1 - 2/3Po+ 1/9 Po2 = 1 - 2/3*0.306 + 1/9*0.3062 = 0.806
Z = Zmax. * 0.806 = 12.48*0.806 = 10.06m

And Max. downsurge,Z.( for sudden Rejection)

Zmin./Zmax. = -1/( 1+7/3Po) = -1/ (1+ 7/3*0.306) = -0.583
Zmin. = Zmax*(-0.583)
Zmin. = 12.48*(-0.583)
Zmin. = -7.27m
Max.downsurge for sudden demand,
Zmin./Zmax.= -1 -0.125Po = -1 - 0.125*0.306 = -1.038
Zmin. = Zmax. *(-1.038)
Zmin.= 12.48*(-1.038)
Zmin. = -12.95m
m diameter operating under a gross head of 200m.
been provided at the end of the tunnel.