24

From his book “Computerized

Concrete Design”
In this chapter three programs of “STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS” are presented, the
three moment equation, the slope deflection and the moment distribution
method. In the moment distribution method two methods were employed, the
seven cycle distribution and the general moment distribution program. The use
of “Struct – math solver three is used as a sub – routine program in slope
deflection and three moment equation respectively. Any of the three programs
presented can be used to analyze a continuous reinforced beams and frames. If
précised moments are desired, the three moment equation will be use full. If
joint rotations and translation is of prime importance, the slope deflection
program will provide accurate numerical results. If modified stiffness is used the
moment distribution method alternative three will be use full. In any case, the
“General moment distribution program” is use full to any desired degree of
accuracy. Employing one method, the other two will be a cross checked.
 25

INTRODUCTION
The three moment equation can be used to analyze statically indeterminate
beams. The three moment equation has the generalized form of

M1L1 + 2M2 (L1 + L2) + M3L2 + 6A1 1/L1 + 6A2 2 /L2 = 6EI (h1/L1 + h3/L2)

Where the points are on the same level in the deflection beam, the height h1 and
h3 becomes zero and so thus the right hand term of the above equation.

Below are the following legends used

M1 = Moment at support 1 Span one M2 = Moment at support 2 Span two

M3 = Moment at support 3 Span three L1 = length of Span one in feet

L2 = Length of Span two in feet h1 = Deflection in inches if support yields

h3 =Deflection in inches if support yields at support three.

I = Moment of inertia of beams.

E = Young’s modulus of elasticity

For type of loadings on span table 8 – 1 page 276 of “Strength of Materials by

Ferdinand Singer” list values of 6A /L and 6A /L

In our case we shall deal with a concentrated load and uniform loads see attached
figure as shown in the “PROGRAM RECORD”.

A) For concentrated load: 6A /L = Pa/L(L2 – a2)

 26

B) 6A /L = Pb/L (L2 – b2)

C) For uniform loads = 6A /L = wl3 /4 and 6A /L = wl3/4
D) here a is the distance of P from R1 and b is the distance of P from R2 where
E) R1 and R2 are reactions of simply supported span.

P = Concentrated load in pounds or in kips.

L = Span length in feet

w = Uniform loads in pounds or in Kips per foot.

*** Note For a more detail discussion of this subject refers to Ferdinand Singer
pages 270 – 277 “Strength of Materials 2nd edition.

From the figure and applying the generalized form of the three moment equation
we have

X1(Ma) + 2Y1 (Mb) + Z1 (Mc) = C1 Equation 1

X2(Mb) +2Y2 (Mc) + Z2 (Md) = C2 Equation 2

here X, Y, Z is coefficients of moments where the numbers 1, 2, 3are coefficients

subscripts... Also we note that Ma = 0 and Md = W4 (L4)2 + P4 (Y4)

COMPUTER OUTPUT

Upon input of numerical data’s computer first solved coefficients X, Y, C and

constants C1 and C2. it prints on the screen equation one and two. With values of
coefficients as numerical data’s, it solves the unknowns in the said equations
thus a solutions of simultaneous equations is included as a sub – routine
 27

program in the main program. In the third run with end moments known.
Computer solves shear reactions at support.

Programmer/Designer/ Structural Engineer : Bienvenido C. David Date: Jan

19, 1970 PRC NO: 10170

DESCRIPTION: ANALYSIS ONE: Application to Concrete Design

SUBJECT: Reinforced Concrete Design (USD ALTERNATIVE 1983 ACI

Code)
TITLE: Analysis of continues beam by the three moment equation
CODE NAME: ANALYSIS ONE
MACHINE LANGUAGE : T.I. BASIC COMPUTER: T.I. 99/4A Texas
Instruments Program steps: 217
LIBRARY MODULE: Floppy Disk PROGRAM NAME: Analysis one
PTR NO: 3046165 at Bagiuo City 01/09/1982

Loading Diagram P2 P3 P4
W1/ft W2/FT

L1 L2 L3 L4
 28

Shear Diagram

Moment Diagram

REFERENCE TEXTBOOK:
Statically Indeterminate CHAPTER 6 PAGES 121 - 127
Structures By Chu Kia
Wang

PROGRAM DISCLAIMER: Any use of the programs to solve problems other than those
displayed is the role responsibility of the user as to whether the output is correct or correctly
interpreted.

My first generation home computer

ANALYSIS ONE: IS a computer program that analyzes a Statically Indeterminate Beam or

frame by the three moment equation. Three spans with overhang uniform loads and
additional superimposed loads (concentrated loads located at any distance X is included). The
program is written in Basic Language and applicable to a wide variety of programmable
calculators and computers.
BASIC COMPUTER SYMBOLS
+ ADDITION ^ RAISED TO THE POWER
- SUBTRACTION SQR SQUARE ROOT OF THE NUMBER
MULTIPLICATION * GOTO = JUMP LINE NUMBER

\ DIVISION GO SUB = GO SUB ROUTINE

A.B.S ABSOLUTE VALUE SGN = SIGNUM NOTATION
 29

If true Branch out IF THEN ELSE STATEMENT

Branch out
Main program IF False

COMPUTER INSTRUCTION CODE

10 CALL CLEAR

20 PRINT “This is computer program no. 4 in basic language Analysis of statically

indeterminate beams and frames by the three moment equation.”

40 PRINT” If all data’s are in their consistent units then run line no 60”

50 STOP

60 DATA W1, L1 3, 12

70 DATA W2, L2 2, 24

75 DATA X1, L1 0, 12

80 DATA P1, X1, L1 0, 0, 12

90 DATA W2, L2 2, 24

100 DATA X2, L2 12, 24 for debugging purposes only to check

110 DATA P2, X2, L2 20, 12, 24 Computer output only

120 DATA X3, L3 4, 12

130 DATA W3, L3 0, 12

140 DATA P3, X3, L3 18, 4, 12

150 INPUT “Relative stiffness factors “: K1, K2, K3, K4:K1, K2, K3, K4 3, 10, 2, 0

160 INPUT “Span length in feet L1, L2, L3, L4”:L1, L2, L3, L4 12, 24, 12, 3

170 INPUT” Uniform and concentrated loads W4, P4”: W4, P4 0, 6

 30

180 INPUT” Distance of concentrated loads from support X”: X 3

190 X1 = 2*(L1/K1 + L2/K2)

200 X2 = L2/K2

210 RESTORE 60

220 GOSUB 930

230 T1 = T

240 GT =T1/K1

250 RESTORE 70

260 GOSUB 830

270 A1L1 = A

280 RESTORE

290 GOSUB 980

300 Q1 = Q

310 R1 = 6*Q1*A1L1/ (K1*L1)

320 U1 = G1 + R1

340 REM For span two

350 RESTORE 90

360 GOSUB 930

370 T2 = T

380 G2 =T2/K2

390 RESTORE 100

400 GOSUB 880

 31

410 B2L2 = B

420 RESTORE 110

430 GOSUB 980

440 Q2 = Q

450 R2 = 6*Q2*B2L2/ (K2*L2)

460 U2 = G2 + R2

470 C1 = - (U1 + U2)

480 PRINT TAB (2); X1;”MB”; TAB (7); X2;”MC”; TAB (15); =”C1

490 REM For second equation span two

500 RESTORE 90

510 GOSUB 930

520 T3 = T

530 G3 = T3/K2

540 REM For concentrated load i.e. centroid

550 RESTORE 100

560 GOSUB 830

570 A2L2 = A

580 RESTORE 110

590 GOSUB 980

600 Q3 = Q

610 R3 = 6*Q3*A2L2/ (K2*L2)

620 U3 = G3 + R3
 32

630 REM For span three uniform load w/Ft

640 RESTORE 130

650 GOSUB 930

660 T4 = T

670 G4 = T4/K3

680 REM For concentrated load span three

690 restore 120

700 GOSUB 880

710 B3L3 = B

720 RESTORE 140

730 GOSUB 980

740 Q4 = Q

750 R4 = 6*Q4*B3L3/ (K3*L3)

760 U4 = R4 + G4

770 C = (W4*L4^2/2 + P4*J)*L3/K3

780 C 2 = - (U4 + C +U3)

790 X3 = L2/K2

800 X4 = 2*(L2/K2 + L3/K3)

810 PRINT TAB (2); X3;”MB”; TAB (7); X4;”MC”; TAB (15);”=”; C2

820 STOP

830 REM this is sub routine 1

840 READ X, L
 33

850 A = (X + L)/3

860 RETURN

870 STOP

880 REM this is sub routine no 2

890 READ X, L

900 B = -1/3*X + 2/3*L

910 RETURN

920 STOP

930 REM this is sub routine no 3

940 READ W, L

950 T = 1/4*W*L^3

960 RETURN

970 STOP

980 REM this is sub routine no 4

990 READ P, X, L

1000 Q = 1/2*(-P*X^2 + P*X*L)

1010 RETURN

1020 STOP

3000 REM With three moment equations known solved the equations. Start at
3010 line number

3010

CALL CLEAR
 34

3020 PRINT” Put coefficients in data order form starting line 3130, then run line
no 3040”

3030 STOP

3040 CALL CLEAR

3050 INPUT” No of equations”N: N

3060 OPTION BASE 1

3070 DIM X (20, 20)

3080 DIM Y (20)

3090 DIM Z (20)

3100 for E = 1 TO N

3110 READ Z (E)

3120 NEXT E

3130 DATA * Note put coefficients of Ma, Mb

3140 GOSUB 3300

3150 GOSUB 3500

3160 MAT = DELTA

3170 FOR E = 1 TO N

3180 GOSUB 3300

3190 FOR AB = 1 TO N

3200 X (AB, E) = Z (AB)

3210 NEXT AB

3220 GOSUB 3500

 35

3230 F = DELTA/MAT

3240 PRINT CHRS$(64 + E);”=”; F

3250 NEXT E

3260 END

3300 RESTORE 3360

3310 FOR Q = 1 TO N

3320 FOR P = 1 TO N

3330 READ X (Q, P)

3340 NEXT P

3350 NEXT Q

3360 DATA ***Put constants of equation 1 & 2

3380 RETURN

3500 REM this is a sub routine

3505 A = 1

3510 FOR P = 0 TO N – 3

3520 FOR S=1 TO N-P

3530 IX X (1, 1) = 0 THEN 680

3540 Y(S) = X(S, 1)

3550 NEXT S

3560 A = Y (1)*A

3570 FOR R =1 TO N-P-1

3580 FOR Q =1 TO N-P-1

 36

3590 X (Q, R) = X (Q + 1, R + 1) – X (1, R+1)*Y (Q+1)/Y*(1)

3600 NEXT Q

3610 NEXT R

3620 NEXT P

3630 DELTA = A*(X (1, 1)*X (2, 2)*X (1, 2))

*** Note for array

3640 PRINT X (1, 1); X (1, 2)

3650 PRINT X (2, 1); X (2, 2)

3660 PRINT TAB (5);”DELTA =”DELTA

3670 RETURN

3680 FOR D = 1 TO N-P

3690 IF X (D, 1)><0 THEN 3710

3700 NEXT D

3710 FOR B = 1 TO N-P

3720 W = X (1, B)

3730 X (1, B) = X (D, B)

3740 X (D, B) = W

3750 NEXT B

3760 IF INT (D/2)><D/2 THEN 3780

3770 A = -1*A

3780 GOTO 3520

3790 STOP
 37

*Note with moments at ends already solved reactions at support

4010 CALL CLEAR

4020 PRINT “This is a sub routine program for three moment equation
determination of shear reaction at supports with end moments known”

4025 PRINT ‘Input the following values as data statements in program line no
4030”

4030 DATA MA1, MB1, W1, L1, P1, A1 MA2, MB2, W2, L2, P2, A2, MA3, MB3, W3,
L3, P3, A3

4035 DATA W4, A4, P4

4040 REM this is a one dimension array

4045 REM let us consider three spans

4050 dim ma (3)

4055 DIM MB (3)

4060 DIM W (3)

4070 DIM L (3)

4080 DIM P (3)

4090 DIM A (3)

4100 FOR X =1 TO 3

4110 READ MA(X), MB(X), W(X), L(X),P(X),A(X)

4120 RESTORE 4030

4130 R1(X) = MA(X) + MB(X) +W(X)*L(X) ^2/2 + P(X)*L(X) –A(X))

4140 RA(X) = R1(X)/L(X)

 38

4150 PRINT RA(X)

4160 NEXT X

4170 RA1 =RA (1)

4180 RB1 = RA (2)

4190 RC1 = RA (3)

4200 REM For shear reactions at R2

4205 DIM MA1 (3)

4210 DIM MB1 (3)

4220 DIM W1 (3)

4230 DIM PI (3)

4225 DIM L1 (3)

4240 DIM A1 (3)

4250 FOR Y=1 TO 3

4260 READ NA1(Y), MB1(Y), W1(Y), L1(Y), P1(Y), A1(Y)

4280 R2(Y) = MA1(Y) + MB1(Y) + W1(Y)*L1(Y) ^2/2 + P1(Y)*A1(Y)

4290 RB(Y) = R2(Y)/ (L1(Y))

4300 PRINT RB(Y)

4310 NEXT Y

4320 RA2 = R2 (1)

4330 RB2 = R2 (2)

4340 RC2 = R2 (3)

4350 QA = RA1
 39

4360 PRINT TAB (3);”Shear reaction at support=”; QA;”KIPS”

4370 PRINT TAB (6);”Shear reaction at support B=”; QB;”Kips”

4365 QB = RA2 + RB1

4390 QC = RB2 + RC1

4400 PRINT TAB (10);”Shear reaction at support C=”; QC;”Kips”

4410 READ W4, A4, P4

4420 DATA *** Note for data put value of w4, A4 & P4

4430 RD1 = W4 + A4 + P4

4435 QD = RD1 + RC2

4440 PRINTTAB (15);”Shear reaction at support D=”; RD;”Kips”

4450 PRINT Programmed by Bienvenido C. David a Civil Engineer on May 5, 1981

at Baguio City”

4460 END
 40

.
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