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POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

Political organization

Rome had a fully centralized political system, characterized by being absolutist,


since all authority and power fell on the emperor. Among the features that can be
highlighted in this system of Roman government, are the following:

The emperor had all the authority, both executive, legislative, military, judicial and
religious.

The Senate acted as counselor to the emperor, he had no power to make decisions.

The assemblies had no authority or power, they were carried out in order to preserve
the Roman tradition of the old systems of government.

The same emperor had the authority to elect those who were going to occupy the
various positions of the magistrate.

Social organization

Roman society was divided into different classes, with different civil and political
rights and also economic differences.

Patricians: They represented the most important social class, which enjoyed all the
privileges in political, fiscal, judicial and cultural sense. They were considered
descendants of the Roman founders, so they were part of the noble class of Rome
and even of Europe. The patricians were part of the Senate and contributed to the
development of the Roman Empire of that time.

Plebeians: The "plebeians" was the term given to the people in general who did not
enjoy all the benefits of the state, but who struggled to obtain them. They were
separated from the patricians because they could not prove that they were
descendants of the founders of Rome, so it was believed that they had no Roman
blood as such.

Slaves: They had no rights of any kind. Normally they were prisoners of war. The
number of slaves in Rome became enormous with the expansion of the Empire.
They were forced to do the hardest and most ruinous jobs for life. Many of these
slaves were used to satisfy the amusement of the Emperor and the people.
ORGANIZACIÓN POLITICA Y SOCIAL DEL IMPERIO ROMANO
Organización Política
Roma contaba con un sistema político totalmente centralizado, caracterizado por
ser absolutista, ya que toda la autoridad y el poder recaía sobre el emperador. Entre
las características que se pueden destacar de este sistema de gobierno romano,
están las siguientes:
El emperador contaba con toda la autoridad, tanto a nivel ejecutivo, legislativo,
militar, judicial y religioso.
El senado actuaba como consejero del emperador, no tenía poder para tomar
decisiones.
Las asambleas no tenían autoridad ni poder, se realizaban a fin de preservar la
tradición romana de los antiguos sistemas de gobierno.
El mismo emperador tenía la autoridad de elegir a quienes iban a ocupar los
distintos puestos del magistrado.

Organización social
La sociedad romana estaba dividida en diferentes clases, con diferentes derechos
civiles y políticos y también diferencias económicas.
Patricios: Representaban la clase social más importante, la cual gozaba de todos
los privilegios en sentido político, fiscal, judicial y cultural. Se les consideraba
descendientes de los fundadores romanos, por lo que eran parte de la clase noble
de Roma y hasta de Europa. Los patricios formaban parte del senado y
contribuyeron al desarrollo del imperio romano de aquella época.
Plebeyos: Los “plebeyos” era el término que se le daba al pueblo en general que
no gozaba de todos los beneficios del Estado, pero que luchaba por obtenerlos. Se
les separaba de los patricios debido a que no podían demostrar que eran
descendientes de los fundadores de Roma, por lo que se creía que no tenían sangre
romana como tal.
Esclavos: No tenían derechos de ningún tipo. Normalmente eran prisioneros de
guerra. El número de esclavos en Roma se hizo enorme con la expansión del
Imperio. Fueron forzados a hacer los trabajos más duros y más ruinosos de por vida.
Muchos de estos esclavos fueron utilizados para satisfacer la diversión del
Emperador y la gente.

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