Nicolas M, Vitor F and Eduardo P

How was the Republic governed?

The Roman Republic was established in 509 BCE, following the overthrow of the

Roman monarchy. The Roman Republic was governed by two annually elected magistrates,

known as consuls. The consuls were the highest-ranking officials in the Roman Republic and

held the power of imperium, which allowed them to command the Roman armies and make

executive decisions.

The Roman Republic also had a complex system of checks and balances, with

different branches of government designed to balance and constrain each other's power. For

example, the Senate was a council of around 300 men who served for life and advised the

consuls. The popular assemblies, composed of all Roman citizens, also played an important

role in Roman politics and could pass laws and elect officials.

In addition to the consuls, the Roman Republic had other elected officials, including

praetors, who acted as judges and oversaw legal cases, and aediles, who were responsible

for maintaining public buildings and markets. There were also various priests and other

religious officials who played important roles in the religious life of the Roman Republic.

Overall, the Roman Republic was governed by a complex system of elected officials

and councils, which provided a balance of power and prevented any one individual or group

from gaining too much control.

The empire and the Roman peace. What did Rome achieve

Ancient Rome was one of the most powerful and influential civilizations in human
history, and it achieved many remarkable accomplishments during its long existence.
Rome's achievements in architecture, engineering, and urban planning were truly
impressive, and still influence modern society today. They developed technologies such as
concrete, arches, and aqueducts, which allowed them to build massive structures such as
the Colosseum and the Pantheon.

Rome also made significant contributions to literature, philosophy, and law, which
have had a profound impact on Western thought and culture. They created the first modern
legal system, the Roman law, which is the basis of many legal systems worldwide. The
Romans also established a vast empire that spanned much of Europe, North Africa, and the
Middle East, which allowed for the spread of their culture and ideas throughout the known
world. They were also pioneers in military tactics and organization, which enabled them to
conquer and maintain control over their vast territories.

Overall, Rome achieved an incredible amount in many different areas, and its legacy
continues to shape the world we live in today. Ancient Rome made significant contributions
in several other fields. One such area was medicine, where Roman physicians like Galen
made groundbreaking discoveries that advanced the field significantly. Roman engineers
also developed sophisticated systems of roads, bridges, and tunnels that facilitated
transportation and trade across the vast Roman Empire.

The Romans were also renowned for their impressive feats in the field of art and
sculpture. They produced some of the most iconic works of art in history, such as the famous
statue of Augustus Caesar, the Laocoon group, and the Apoxyomenos. These works of art
showcased the Romans' mastery of both realism and idealism, and their ability to capture
the essence of human emotion in their sculptures.