Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Simplex Mast
1.1 Mast System
Following table shows a combination of truck and mast models:
5V35C30
214810
Mast serial number location
Example: 5 V 35 C 30
Maximum lifting height
["30" stands for 3000 mm (118 in.)]
Generation of Mast
("A" for the original,
"B" for the first change,
"C" for the second change,
and so on)
Applicable truck model designation
(Example: P7000=7000lb.=3 ton class)
15, 20: 1 ton class, 25: 2 ton class,
30, 35: 3 ton class
Mast type
Generation of truck compatible with
the mast
("2" for the original,
"3" for the first change,
and so on up to "9") 214841
How to read mast model code
12-1
MAST AND FORKS
8
2 1
19
9 18
13
20 14 6
21
3
10
15
16
7
11
5
12 17
217350
The simplex mast features two lift cylinders placed Lift cylinder 7 of a lift height of 3300 mm (130 in.) or
behind the mast columns, right and left, to provide less is the internal drain type, and is equipped with no
maximum visibility. return hose.
Mast strips 18 are fitted to the top end of outer mast. The lift cylinder of a lift height of 3500 (138 in.) mm or
These strips are for backing up the inner mast when more is equipped with the drain hose.
the mast is tilted backward.
For mast operation, refer to "Mast Operation."
12-2
MAST AND FORKS
Free-lift height
12-3
MAST AND FORKS
7 3
4
1
5
2
217351
Sequence
1 Nut 5 Tilt socket pin
2 Backrest, Lift bracket, Forks 6 Mast support bearing cap, Bushing
3 Return hose (high-lift model) 7 Inner mast, Outer mast, Lift cylinder
4 High-pressure hose
(c) Start the engine, and pull back the tilt lever to
retract the tilt cylinder rods.
Do not touch any levers except the tilt lever while the
engine is running.
Never loosen tilt socket bolts except for tilt cylinder 214814
disassembling.
12-5
MAST AND FORKS
12-6
MAST AND FORKS
10
13
12 11
6
14 11
16 1
7 18
2
4
17 9
8
2 15
5
217395
Sequence
1 Nut 10 Chain wheel
2 Fork, Lift bracket 11 Cylinder clamps, Seats, Shims, Cushion, Collar,
3 Backrest Bolts
4 Lift bracket upper, lower rollers 12 Bolt, Shims
5 Lift bracket lower roller 13 Mast strips, Shims
6 Lift bracket side rollers 14 Outer mast main rollers
7 Chain 15 Inner mast main rollers
8 Hose guard 16 Inner mast
9 Lift hose (high pressure), Rubber hose, T-joint, 17 Lift cylinder
Down safety valve 18 Outer mast
12-7
MAST AND FORKS
217367
(3) Lift chains, chain wheels and chain wheel sup- Chain elongation
ports
Unit: mm (in.)/20 links
(a) Measure the length of each chain to make sure Truck type
that the two chains are equal in length. Also Item 1 ton 2 ton 3 ton
check the chains for wear, indication of break- class class class
age and link binding and twisting.
317.5 381 508
A
(b) Check each chain anchor bolt for cracks or Simplex (12.5) (15) (20)
defects on thread. Mast 327 392 523
B
(12.9) (15.4) (20.6)
(c) Check each chain wheel support and chain
wheel for crack or wear. Check that the wheels A: Standard value B: Repair or service limit
rotate smoothly.
12-8
MAST AND FORKS
F 2 F 3
1 2 1 1
214830
Reassembly
1 Lift bracket 4 Lift bracket lower roller
2 Lift bracket upper roller 5 Side roller
3 Lift bracket middle roller 6 Inner mast
The lift bracket has three main roller bearings at one Adjust the clearance to the specification with shims (a)
side and the side roller at both sides as shown. and (b) for the middle roller and with shim (c) for the
Clearances F, G and G1 must be maintained between lower roller.
these rollers and thrust surface of the inner mast for
Unit: mm (in.)
smooth operation.
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G
(0.004 to 0.020)
Clearance G
Clearance between roller side surface and inner mast
thrust surface (right-to-left play): Clearance F
Clearance G is used for determining the correct Clearance between roller circumference and inner
amount of shims at the bearing seat. mast thrust surface (back-to-front play):
Move the lift bracket to the top of the inner mast and Clearance F is used for determining the proper size of
slide the bracket to either the left-most or rightmost the rollers.
position. Select appropriate diameter rollers so that the clear-
Take measurements of clearance G between the side ance meets the specification. Make sure the rollers
surface of roller and inner mast. rotate smoothly when installed.
Unit: mm (in.)
Clearance F 1.0 (0.04) or less
Note: It is not necessary to adjust the lift bracket up-
per roller with shims.
12-9
MAST AND FORKS
Clearance G1
Clearance between side roller circumference and
inner mast side roller thrust surface: Move the side
roller to the upper end of the inner mast and slide the
lift bracket to either the left-most or rightmost position.
Take measurement of clearance G1 between the
roller circumference and inner mast.
Adjust the clearance with shims (d) to the specifica-
tion.
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G1
(0.004 to 0.020)
12-10
MAST AND FORKS
213938
12-11
MAST AND FORKS
Shim (e)
(1) Measure clearance F between the rollers' rolling
contact surfaces and masts.
If the measured clearances do not conform to the
Inner mast Outer mast
standard values, replace with rollers of correct
diameters listed in the table below. G
0.1 to 0.5 mm
Lift bracket (0.004 to 0.020 in.)
Note: For measuring procedures, refer to "Inspection lower roller F 1 mm (0.04 in.)
and Adjustment." or less
Shim (f)
Unit: mm (in.)
(Lower mast)
Truck type
Size (diameter) 2 ton class
1 ton class
3 ton class
Lift bracket
S 99 (3.90) 113.8 (4.48)
213940
M 100 (3.94) 115 (4.53)
L 101 (3.98) 116 (4.57)
LL 102 (4.02) 117 (4.61)
Unit: mm (in.)
Truck type
Item 2 ton class
1 ton class
3 ton class
Shim (e) 2 (0.079) 1 (0.039)
Shim (f) 2 (0.079) 1 (0.039)
12-12
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G2
(0.004 to 0.02)
Shim (k)
Inner mast
Adjusting method 213942
If clearance G2 is excessive, increase the thick-
ness of shims (k) as required.
Check the smooth movement by moving slowly up
and down the bracket.
At the factory, shims (k) are usually adjusted to 1mm
(0.04 in.) for the shipment.
213943
Outer mast
Mounting bolt
214822
12-13
MAST AND FORKS
(5) With the cylinder rods fully retracted and the cylin-
ders set vertically, measure clearance H.
Adjust the clearance to be 1.6 mm (0.063 in.) or
less by adding or removing shims (m).
Unit: mm (in.)
Clearance H 1.6 (0.063) or less
Shim (m)
Adjusting method
If clearance H is excessive, add shims (m). Nor-
mally on a new truck, the second lift cylinders are
not fitted with shims (m). If the clearance is 3.2 mm
213944
(0.126 in.) or more, make sure to include a 3.2 mm
(0.126 in.) thick sheet in the shim pack that is to be
installed.
(6) After reassembly, perform an operation test to
check if the stroke of the left and right cylinders is
the same. Refer to "Right and Left Lift Cylinder
Stroke Inspection and Adjustment."
Stamped
mark 2
Joint
217228
1 Link
2 Center plate (without mark)
3 Link plate (with a stamped mark)
4 Split pin
12-14
MAST AND FORKS
Simplex mast
Tightening torque
Unit: N·m (kgf·m) [lbf·ft]
Truck model
Item Lift cylinder
1, 2 ton 3 ton
classes class
58.8 ± 5.9 A
Nut A (6.0 ± 0.6)
[43.2 ± 4.2]
49.0 ± 4.9
Nut (5.0 ± 0.5) D
B B
[36.1 ± 3.6]
C
217370
12-15
MAST AND FORKS
(5) Using the hoist, slowly lower the inner mast until
the mast contacts the lift cylinders. Shim
(6) The main rollers of the inner and outer masts can Parts for
now be removed. Remove the mast strips and cylinder
shims before attempting to remove the main roll- clamp
ers, as they tend to drop easily.
Mast strips
(7) Adjust shims for the main rollers and mast strips
as required. 217371
213951
12-16
MAST AND FORKS
6.1 Forks
Figure 2
REPLACE
FORK FORK WITH
OK 10% WEAR
Forks are often mistreated and forgotten. As insub- Maintenance shops may bend forks back into shape,
stantial as they seem, neglecting forks could make weld on them, or drill holes through them. Lift truck
them dangerous. users can add attachments to the truck that will put
Forks carry larger loads than almost any lifting device stress on the forks. Drum clamps and portable booms
but there are no mandatory requirements for mainte- can be supported on the forks–but what is contained
nance or inspection. in the drum or on the boom hook makes the differ-
ence in safety.
You can find thousands of extra parts for lift trucks in
some fleet repair shops, but you'll seldom see spare Forks are often used to open rail car doors and break
forks. Even when all the trucks on the fleet are the loads out or away from other loads. They are also
same, fleet maintenance managers rarely order spare used to pick up capacity loads not seated against the
forks. Forks can last a long time if treated properly, but fork shank and to pick up off-balanced loads far from
they can be deceptive. Careful inspection is required the side of the truck. The fork tips are sometimes
to ensure forks are not worn. inserted under other fork trucks to lift them during
maintenance operations.
It's true that most forks are customized to the truck by
model and capacity: They are big, heavy and thought Lift trucks may collide with building columns and
of as indestructible. However, forks can be abused or walls, and though the forks show no discernible bend,
ruined in the course of daily work. they may be damaged beyond safety.
Here are some examples of ways that forks can be Any time excessive heat is applied to any part of a
damaged: fork during repair, hidden damage may occur.
Forks can be overloaded either by picking up a load The fork itself is a concern but so are the hooks that
too far out on the forks, or simply by picking up loads secure them to the lift carriage.
heavier than the truck rating.
12-17
MAST AND FORKS
12-18
MAST AND FORKS
6.4 Adjusting Clearance Between Lift Bracket Roller and Inner Mast
(1) Back-to-front clearance check on lift bracket main
rollers F
(a) Raise the forks slightly from the ground.
(b) Insert a bar between the upper part of lift
bracket and the inner mast, and push the inner
mast to one side. Using feeler gauges, mea-
sure clearance F between the main roller and
inner mast on the opposite side.
Unit: mm (in.)
Clearance F 1.0 (0.04) or less F 213966
(c) If clearance is out of specification, use oversize
rollers.
For roller replacement procedure, refer to
"Choosing correct roller diameters" on (1).
12-19
MAST AND FORKS
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G
(0.004 to 0.02)
G
213970
12-20
MAST AND FORKS
213974
(d) Insert a bar between the outer and inner masts
on the indicator side, and push the inner mast
to the opposite side. G
(e) Read the indicator. This reading is clearance G
between the outer mast roller and inner mast.
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
G
(0.004 to 0.020)
12-21
MAST AND FORKS
213976
(2) If clearance G2 is out of specification, adjust it by
adding or removing shims.
For adjustment procedure, refer to "Measuring
and adjusting clearance G2 between the mast
strip and inner mast" on 4.2.3 Installing Mast
Strips (all mast models).
(3) After all clearances are adjusted, move the mast
and lift bracket slowly to ensure that they move
smoothly through their full stroke.
12-22
MAST AND FORKS
6.8 Right and Left Lift Cylinder Stroke Inspection and Adjustment
(1) Slowly raise the inner mast, and observe how the
piston rods, left and right, stop at the moment the
inner mast reaches its maximum height.
(2) If the top of the inner mast jolts at that moment,
make a shim adjustment.
Abnormal condition can be detected by a little
time lag in stopping between the piston rods, left
and right, and shaking of the rod with a longer cyl-
inder stroke.
213978
(d) Slowly lower the inner mast to the bottom to Inner mast
ensure the piston rods move smoothly and that
the left and right lift cylinders come to the end Shim (l)
of stroke simultaneously at the maximum lift
position of inner mast. Cylinder bracket
213943
12-23
MAST AND FORKS
Clearance between lift rollers and side rollers incorrect Readjust clearance.
Lift bracket and
Relubricate side rollers and replace
inner mast do not Rollers not rotating smoothly on their shafts
other rollers.
move smoothly.
Mast strip clearance incorrect Adjust shims.
Too much clearance on side rollers Readjust by adding shims.
Lift bracket or inner
Lift chains unequally tensioned Readjust chain tension.
mast are not in a
level position. Shim adjustments unequally made on between left and
Remove or add shims.
right lift cylinders (at maximum height)
Mast makes noise. Rollers not rotating smoothly on their shafts Check and adjust or replace rollers.
Lift cylinder Lift cylinder packing damaged Replace.
descends due to a
load (Drift). Sliding (inside) surface of lift cylinder tube damaged Replace.
Whole mast shakes. Mast-support bushing or metal worn Retighten or replace.
Mast is distorted. Off-center loading or overload Replace mast assembly.
Distortion of finger bar
Fork tips differ in
Distortion of forks Repair or replace.
height.
Uneven loading
12-24
MAST AND FORKS
12-25
MAST AND FORKS
F G2
G
F
G1
F
G
G
B2
C
Lift bracket
12-26
MAST AND FORKS
9. Duplex Mast
9.1 Mast System
Following table shows a combination of truck and mast models:
5F25C30
214831
Mast serial number location
Example: 5 F 25 C 30
Maximum lifting height
["30" stands for 3000 mm
(118.11 in.)]
Generation of Mast
("A" for the original,
"B" for the first change,
"C" for the second change,
and so on)
Applicable truck model designation
(Example: P5000=5000lb.=2 ton class)
15, 20: 1 ton class, 25: 2 ton class,
30, 35: 3 ton class
Mast type
Generation of truck compatible with
the mast
("2" for the original,
"3" for the first change,
and so on up to "9") 214832
How to read mast model code
12-27
MAST AND FORKS
6 2 12 1
13
14 15 3
17
8
7
22 4
10
16 19
9
11
20 5
21 18
214833
In the duplex mast, the first cylinder raises the forks The first cylinder is equipped with the upstroke cush-
without increasing the overall mast height (free-lift) ioning including internal drain and the second cylinder
until the upper edge of the backrest exceeds the top of equipped with the down cushioning.
the mast.
The mast assembly consists of the inner mast, outer
For mast operation, refer to "Mast Operation" on 10.2
mast, lift bracket, first lift cylinder and second lift cylin-
Mast Operation.
ders.
The first lift cylinder raises the lift bracket, while the
second cylinders operate the inner mast and lift
bracket.
12-28
MAST AND FORKS
Free-lift
Reverse the lifting sequence to activate the lowering height Outer mast
mechanism.
12-29
MAST AND FORKS
3
6
5
214834
Sequence
1 Nut 4 Tilt socket pin
2 Backrest, Lift bracket, Forks 5 Mast support bearing cap, Bushing
3 High-pressure hose 6 Mast, Lift cylinder
12-30
MAST AND FORKS
214835
Do not touch any levers except the tilt lever while the
engine is running.
214814
Never loosen tilt socket bolts except for during tilt cyl-
inder disassembling.
(4) Removing mast support bearing caps
(a) Mark caps to ensure the caps are reinstalled in
original positions during reassembly.
(b) Remove cap mounting bolts. Dismount the
mast assembly from the truck in the sus-
pended condition. With the lift bracket side fac-
ing up, place the mast assembly horizontally
on wooden blocks on a level ground.
Note: Lay the mast assembly in a space wide enough Matching marks
to disassemble the parts.
214837
12-31
MAST AND FORKS
12-32
MAST AND FORKS
16
10
15
14 8
13
9
15
1
11
6
5
6 8
12
A
A
1
4
12
2 9 1
3
2
17
217373
Sequence
1 Lift hose (high pressure), Clamp 10 Bolts, Washers, Shims
2 Shims, Bolts, Washers 11 Mast strips, Shims
3 First lift cylinder 12 Mast rollers
4 Chain guard 13 Inner mast
5 Chain wheel support, Pin 14 Second lift cylinder
6 Chain wheels, Snap rings 15 Cylinder bracket
7 Hose guard, Bolt, Washer 16 O-ring, Plugs
8 High-pressure hose 17 Outer mast, Grease nipples
9 Seats, Shims, Cushions, Collars
12-33
MAST AND FORKS
Start by
With the lift bracket facing up, place the mast horizon-
3
tally on wood blocks.
Place a wood block as a wedge to prevent the inner
mast from sliding.
14
213929
12-34
MAST AND FORKS
other defects.
(3) Lift chains, chain wheels and chain wheel sup- Chain elongation
ports
Unit: mm (in.)/20 links
(a) Measure the length of each chain to make sure Truck type
that two chains are equal in length. Also check Item 1 ton 2 ton 3 ton
the chains for wear, indication of breakage, link class class class
binding and twist.
317.5 381 508
A
(b) Check each chain anchor bolt for cracks or (12.50) (15.00) (20.00)
Duplex mast
defects on thread. 327 392 523
B
(12.87) (15.43) (20.59)
(c) Check each chain wheel support and chain
wheel for crack or wear. Check that the wheels A: Standard value B: Repair or service limit
rotate smoothly.
(4) Mast strip
Check the mast strips for damage, wear or distor-
tion.
12-35
MAST AND FORKS
F 2 F 3
1 2 1 1
214830
Reassembly
1 Lift bracket 4 Lift bracket lower roller
2 Lift bracket upper roller 5 Side roller
3 Lift bracket middle roller 6 Inner mast
The lift bracket has three main roller bearings at one Adjust the clearance to the specification with shims (a)
side and the side roller at both sides as shown. and (b) for the middle roller and with shim (c) for the
Clearances F, G and G1 must be maintained between lower roller.
these rollers and thrust surface of the inner mast for
Unit: mm (in.)
smooth operation.
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G
(0.004 to 0.020)
Clearance G
Clearance between roller side surface and inner mast
thrust surface (right-to-left play): Clearance F
Clearance G is used for determining the correct Clearance between roller circumference and inner
amount of shims at the bearing seat. mast thrust surface (back-to-front play):
Move the lift bracket to the top of the inner mast and Clearance F is used for determining the proper size of
slide the bracket to either the left-most or rightmost the rollers.
position. Select appropriate diameter rollers so that the clear-
Take measurements of clearance G between the side ance meets the specification. Make sure the rollers
surface of roller and inner mast. rotate smoothly when installed.
Unit: mm (in.)
Clearance F 1 (0.04) maximum
Note: It is not necessary to adjust the lift bracket up-
per roller with shims.
12-36
MAST AND FORKS
Clearance G1
Clearance between side roller circumference and
inner mast side roller thrust surface: Move the side
roller to the upper end of the inner mast and slide the
lift bracket to either the left-most or rightmost position.
Take measurement of clearance G1 between the
roller circumference and inner mast.
Adjust the clearance with shims (d) to the specifica-
tion.
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G1
(0.004 to 0.020)
Measure clearance G between the middle roller Shim (b) Thrust plate
and thrust plate. If the measured clearance does G
not conform to the standard value, adjust clear- 0.1 to 0.5 mm
(0.004 to 0.020 in.)
ance G in the manner described below.
Note: For measuring procedures, refer to "Inspection 213936
and Adjustment."
Adjusting method
If clearance G is excessive, increase the thickness
of shims (a) as required. Increase the thickness of
shims (b) by the same amount that are added to
shims (a). Shim (a) is available in two sizes: 1 mm
(0.04 in.) and 0.5 mm (0.020 in.). Shim (b) is avail-
able in only one size, 1 mm (0.04 in.). If shims (a)
are increased by 0.5 mm (0.020 in.), shims (b) do
not need to be increased by the equal amount.
At the factory, shims (a) are usually adjusted to 1 mm
(0.04 in.) and shims (b) to 2 mm (0.08 in.) for the ship-
ment.
12-37
MAST AND FORKS
213938
213939
Adjusting method
If clearance G1 is excessive, increase the thick-
ness of shims (d) as required.
At the factory, shims (d) are usually adjusted to 1 mm
(0.04 in.) for the shipment.
12-38
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
Truck type
Item 2 ton class
1 ton class
3 ton class
Shim (e) 2 (0.08) 1 (0.04)
Shim (f) 2 (0.08) 1 (0.04)
12-39
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
Clearance H 1.6 (0.06) maximum
Adjusting method
If clearance H is excessive, add shims (m). Nor-
mally on a new truck, the second lift cylinders are
not fitted with shims (m). If the clearance is 3.2 mm
(0.13 in.) or more, make sure to include a 3.2 mm
(0.13 in.) thick sheet in the shim pack that is to be
installed.
Shim (m)
(5) After reassembly, perform an operation test to
check if the stroke of the left and right cylinders is
the same. Refer to "14.8 Right and Left Lift Cylin-
der Stroke Inspection and Adjustment."
213944
12-40
MAST AND FORKS
214840
12-41
MAST AND FORKS
Duplex Mast
Tightening torque
Unit: N·m (kgf·m) [lbf·ft]
Truck model
Item 1-2 ton 3 ton F
Second cylinder
classes class
58.8 ± 5.9 58.8 ± 5.9 E
Nut A (6.0 ± 0.6) (6.0 ± 0.6)
[43.4 ± 4.35] [43.4 ± 4.35]
49.9 ± 4.9 49.9 ± 4.9
Nut B (5.0 ± 0.5) (5.0 ± 0.5)
[36.1 ± 3.61] [36.1 ± 3.61] Second
cylinder
D
A
Nut C
39.2 ± 3.9
(4.0 ± 0.4)
[28.9 ± 2.88]
Nut D B
58.8 ± 5.9 Down safety valve A
(6.0 ± 0.6) E C
[43.4 ± 4.35]
Nut E B
58.8 ± 5.9
(6.0 ± 0.6)
[43.4 ± 4.35] E
Nut F First cylinder
Down safety valve
D 217374
12-42
MAST AND FORKS
12-43
MAST AND FORKS
14.1 Forks
Figure 2
REPLACE
FORK FORK WITH
OK 10% WEAR
Forks are often mistreated and forgotten. As insub- Maintenance shops may bend forks back into shape,
stantial as they seem, neglecting forks could make weld on them, or drill holes through them. Lift truck
them dangerous. users can add attachments to the truck that will put
Forks carry larger loads than almost any lifting device stress on the forks. Drum clamps and portable booms
but there are no mandatory requirements for mainte- can be supported on the forks–but what is contained
nance or inspection. in the drum or on the boom hook makes the differ-
ence in safety.
You can find thousands of extra parts for lift trucks in
some fleet repair shops, but you'll seldom see spare Forks are often used to open rail car doors and break
forks. Even when all the trucks on the fleet are the loads out or away from other loads. They are also
same, fleet maintenance managers rarely order spare used to pick up capacity loads not seated against the
forks. Forks can last a long time if treated properly, but fork shank and to pick up off-balanced loads far from
they can be deceptive. Careful inspection is required the side of the truck. The fork tips are sometimes
to ensure forks are not worn. inserted under other fork trucks to lift them during
maintenance operations.
It's true that most forks are customized to the truck by
model and capacity: They are big, heavy and thought Lift trucks may collide with building columns and
of as indestructible. However, forks can be abused or walls, and though the forks show no discernible bend,
ruined in the course of daily work. they may be damaged beyond safety.
Here are some examples of ways that forks can be Any time excessive heat is applied to any part of a
damaged: fork during repair, hidden damage may occur.
Forks can be overloaded either by picking up a load The fork itself is a concern but so are the hooks that
too far out on the forks, or simply by picking up loads secure them to the lift carriage.
heavier than the truck rating.
12-44
MAST AND FORKS
12-45
MAST AND FORKS
Chain elongation
Unit: mm (in.)/20 links
Truck type
Item 1 ton 2 ton 3 ton
class class class
318 381 508
A
(12.52) (15.00) (20.00) 20 links
Duplex mast
327 392 523
B
(12.87) (15.43) (20.59)
A: Standard value (new) B: Service limit
213965
14.4 Adjusting Clearance Between Lift Bracket Roller and Inner Mast
(1) Back-to-front clearance check on lift bracket main
rollers F
(a) Raise the forks slightly from the ground.
(b) Insert a bar between the upper part of lift
bracket and the inner mast, and slide the inner
mast to one side. Using feeler gauges, mea-
sure clearance F between the main roller and
inner mast on the opposite side.
Unit: mm (in.)
F 1 (0.04) maximum F 213966
12-46
MAST AND FORKS
inner mast.
12-47
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
F 1 (0.04) maximum
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
G
(0.004 to 0.020)
213974
12-48
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
G
(0.004 to 0.020)
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
G2
(0.004 to 0.020)
12-49
MAST AND FORKS
14.8 Right and Left Lift Cylinder Stroke Inspection and Adjustment
(1) Slowly raise the inner mast, and observe how the
piston rods, left and right, stop at the moment the
inner mast reaches its maximum height.
(d) Slowly lower the inner mast to the bottom to Inner mast
ensure the piston rods move smoothly and that
the left and right lift cylinders come to the end Shim (l)
of stroke simultaneously at the maximum lift
position of inner mast. Cylinder bracket
213943
12-50
MAST AND FORKS
Clearance between lift rollers and side rollers incorrect Readjust clearance.
Lift bracket and
Relubricate side rollers and replace
inner mast do not Rollers not rotating smoothly on their shafts
other rollers.
move smoothly.
Mast strip clearance incorrect Adjust shim.
Too much clearance on side rollers Readjust by adding shims.
Lift bracket or inner
Lift chains unequally tensioned Readjust chain tension.
mast are not in a
level position. Shim adjustments unequally made on between left and
Remove or add shims.
right lift cylinders (at maximum height)
Mast makes noise. Rollers not rotating smoothly on their shafts Check and adjust or replace rollers.
Lift cylinder Lift cylinder packing damaged Replace.
descends due to a
load (Drift). Sliding (inside) surface of lift cylinder tube damaged Replace.
Whole mast shakes. Mast-support bushing or metal worn Retighten or replace.
Mast is distorted. Off-center loading or overload Replace mast assembly.
Distortion of finger bar
Fork tips differ in
Distortion of forks Repair or replace.
height.
Uneven loading
12-51
MAST AND FORKS
12-52
MAST AND FORKS
F G2
G
F
G1
F
G
G
B2
C
Lift bracket
12-53
MAST AND FORKS
17.Triplex Mast
17.1 Mast System
Triplex mast
Following table shows a combination of truck and mast models:
5M35C43
214852
Mast serial number location
Example: 5 M 35 C 43
Maximum lifting height
["43" stands for 4300 mm
(169.29 in.)]
Generation of Mast
("A" for the original,
"B" for the first change,
"C" for the second change,
and so on)
Applicable truck model designation
(Example: P7000=7000lb.=3 ton class)
15, 20: 1 ton class, 25: 2 ton class,
30, 35: 3 ton class
Mast type
Generation of truck compatible with
the mast
("2" for the original,
"3" for the first change,
and so on up to "9") 214853
How to read mast model code
12-54
MAST AND FORKS
28
24 11
25 26 8
10
23
12 2 19 1
27 20
7
3 19
12
4
21
14 13
22
9 17
16
18
15
5
217375
In the triplex mast, the free-lift height extends to the The first lift cylinder raises the lift bracket, while the
top of the mast, and the overall mast height remains second cylinder operates the three-stage telescopic
the same until the upper edge of the backrest exceeds mechanism and lift bracket.
the top of the mast.
The first lift cylinder is equipped with the upstroke
The mast assembly consists of the inner mast, middle cushioning and the second cylinder equipped with the
mast, outer mast, lift bracket, first lift cylinder and sec- down cushioning and both cylinders have no return
ond lift cylinders. hose by internal drain.
12-55
MAST AND FORKS
12-56
MAST AND FORKS
4
5
217376
Sequence
1 Nut 4 Tilt pin
2 Backrest, Lift bracket, Forks 5 Mast support cap, Bushing
3 High-pressure hose 6 Mast, Lift cylinder
12-57
MAST AND FORKS
217384
Do not touch any levers except the tilt lever while the
engine is running.
217385
12-58
MAST AND FORKS
12-59
MAST AND FORKS
10 17
1
16
1
24
27 20
11
29
23 23 21
25
26 20
13
22
7 8
6 20
8 20
7 9
28 15
30
5
20
3 14
2 4
12 19 217378
Sequence
1 Hose for first lift cylinder, Clamp, 11 Main rollers, Shims 20 Hose, Clamp, Bolt, Washer
Bolt, Washer 12 Main rollers, Shims 21 Joint, Connector, Bolt, Washer
2 Bolt, Washers 13 Inner mast 22 Bolts, Seats, Cushions, Collars
3 Shims 14 Nuts 23 Cushions, Shims, Bracket
4 First lift cylinder 15 Lift chains (for second lift cylin- 24 Bolts, Washers, Shims
5 Chain guard ders) 25 Second lift cylinder
6 Chain wheel support, Pin 16 Chain guards, Bolt, Washers 26 Mast strips, Shims
7 Snap rings, Chain wheel 17 Snap rings, Chain wheel 27 Main rollers, Shims
8 Nuts (chain for second lift cylin- 18 Snap rings, Hose pulleys, Shafts, 28 Main rollers, Shims
der) Snap rings, Chain wheels 29 Middle mast
9 Clamp 19 Hose guards, Bolt, Washer 30 Outer mast, Grease nipples
10 Mast strips, Shims
Note: The lift bracket disassembly procedure is the same as for the simplex mast.
Start by
With the lift bracket facing up, place the mast horizontally on wood blocks.
Place a wood block as a wedge to prevent the inner and middle masts from sliding.
Before disassembling the mast and fork assembly, measure and record all clearances between each lift bracket and
roller and between each mast and roller. Recorded measurements will be helpful when replacing rollers or selecting
shims to adjust clearances.
12-60
MAST AND FORKS
217387
11
10 217388
12
217389
29
26 217390
12-61
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
Distortion of finger bar A 5 (0.2) maximum Straightedge
A: Standard value 217134
12-62
MAST AND FORKS
F 2 F 3
1 2 1 1
Reassembly
1 Lift bracket 4 Lift bracket lower roller
2 Lift bracket upper roller 5 Side roller
3 Lift bracket middle roller 6 Inner mast
The lift bracket has three main roller bearings at one Adjust the clearance to the specification with shims (a)
side and a side roller at both sides as shown. and (b) for the middle roller and with shim (c) for the
Clearances F, G and G1 must be maintained between lower roller.
these rollers and thrust surface of the inner mast for
smooth operation. Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G Clearance G
(0.004 to 0.020)
Clearance between roller side surface and inner mast
thrust surface (right-to-left play): Clearance F
Clearance G is used for determining the correct Clearance between roller circumference and inner
amount of shims at the bearing seat. mast thrust surface (back-to-front play):
Move the lift bracket to the top of the inner mast and Clearance F is used for determining the proper size of
press the bracket to either the left-most or rightmost the rollers.
position. Select appropriate diameter rollers so that the clear-
Take measurements of clearance G between the side ance meets the specification. Make sure the rollers
surface of roller and inner mast. rotate smoothly when installed.
Note: It is not necessary to adjust the lift bracket up- Unit: mm (in.)
per roller with shims. Clearance F 1 (0.04) maximum
12-63
MAST AND FORKS
Clearance G1
Clearance between side roller circumference and
inner mast side roller thrust surface: Move the side
roller to the upper end of the inner mast and press the
lift bracket to either the leftmost or rightmost position.
Take measurement of clearance G1 between the
roller circumference and inner mast.
Adjust the clearance with shims (d) to the specifica-
tion.
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
Clearance G1
(0.004 to 0.020)
12-64
MAST AND FORKS
213938
12-65
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
Truck type
Item 2 ton class
1 ton class
3 ton class
Shim (g) 1 (0.04) 1 (0.04)
Shim (h) 2 (0.08) 1 (0.04)
Shim (i) 2 (0.08) 1 (0.04)
Shim (j) 2 (0.08) 1 (0.04)
12-66
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
Clearance G2 0.1 to 0.5 (0.004 to 0.020 )
Mast strips
Inner mast
Adjusting method Middle mast
214854
If clearance G2 is excessive, increase the thick-
ness of shims (k) as required.
Check the smooth movement by moving slowly up
and down the bracket after the clearance is
adjusted.
At the factory, shims (k) are usually adjusted to 1 mm
(0.04 in.) for the shipment.
213943
(4) With the cylinder rods fully retracted and the cylin-
ders positioned vertically, measure clearance H.
Adjust the clearance to be 1.6 mm (0.06 in.) or
less by adding or removing shims (m).
Unit: mm (in.)
Clearance H 1.6 (0.06) maximum Shim (m)
Adjusting method
If clearance H is excessive, add shims (m). Nor-
mally on a new truck, the second lift cylinders are
not fitted with shims (m). If the clearance is 3.2 mm 214855
(0.13 in.) or more, make sure to include a 3.2 mm
(0.13 in.) thick sheet in the shim pack that is to be
installed.
(5) After reassembly, perform an operation test to
check if the stroke of the left and right cylinders is
the same. Refer to 22.8 Right and Left Lift Cylin-
der Stroke Inspection and Adjustment.
12-67
MAST AND FORKS
214840
12-68
MAST AND FORKS
Triplex Mast
Tightening torque
Unit: N·m (kgf·m) [lbf·ft]
A
Truck model
Item 1-2 ton 3 ton
classes class
A A
58.8 ± 5.9 58.8 ± 5.9
Nut A (6.0 ± 0.6) (6.0 ± 0.6) Second cylinder
[43.4 ± 4.35] [43.4 ± 4.35]
49.0 ± 4.9 49.0 ± 4.9 Down safety valve
Nut B (5.0 ± 0.5) (5.0 ± 0.5)
[36 ± 3.6] [36 ± 3.6]
A
39.2 ± 3.9 58.8 ± 5.9 A
Nut C (4.0 ± 0.4) (6.0 ± 0.6) First cylinder
[28.9 ± 2.88] [43.4 ± 4.35] E
39.2 ± 3.9 58.8 ± 5.9
Nut D (4.0 ± 0.4) (6.0 ± 0.6)
[28.9 ± 2.88] [43.4 ± 4.35] D
58.8 ± 5.9 58.8 ± 5.9
Nut E (6.0 ± 0.6) (6.0 ± 0.6)
[43.4 ± 4.35] [43.4 ± 4.35]
A
B
C
Second cylinder
217381
12-69
MAST AND FORKS
12-70
MAST AND FORKS
12-71
MAST AND FORKS
(4) Place the middle mast lower than the outer mast
as follows:
(a) Lift the inner mast to the height of the middle
mast, then place wood blocks for support.
(b) Hitch slings to both middle mast and inner
mast, and lift them with a hoist.
(c) Remove set bolts from the upper sections of
the second lift cylinders, then lift the middle
mast and inner mast to separate the second lift
cylinder from the middle mast. 217410
(d) Remove two lift cylinder clamps, dismount the
second lift cylinders from the mounting sec-
tions at the lower outer mast section. Tilt the
cylinders by moving the top sections towards
the center of the truck. Using a rope, fix the cyl-
inders onto the cross member.
(e) Lower the middle mast and inner mast until the
mast rollers (outer mast upper roller and mid-
dle mast lower roller) can be removed.
(f) Support the middle mast and inner mast with
wood blocks.
(g) The main rollers of the inner and outer masts
can now be removed. It is recommended that
before attempting to remove the main rollers,
remove the mast strips and shims as they tend
to drop easily.
(h) Adjust shims for the main rollers and mast
strips as required.
For reassembling, follow the disassembly sequence
in reverse.
12-72
MAST AND FORKS
22.1 Forks
Figure 2
REPLACE
FORK FORK WITH
OK 10% WEAR
Forks are often mistreated and forgotten. As insub- Maintenance shops may bend forks back into shape,
stantial as they seem, neglecting forks could make weld on them, or drill holes through them. Lift truck
them dangerous. users can add attachments to the truck that will put
Forks carry larger loads than almost any lifting device stress on the forks. Drum clamps and portable booms
but there are no mandatory requirements for mainte- can be supported on the forks–but what is contained
nance or inspection. in the drum or on the boom hook makes the differ-
ence in safety.
You can find thousands of extra parts for lift trucks in
some fleet repair shops, but you'll seldom see spare Forks are often used to open rail car doors and break
forks. Even when all the trucks on the fleet are the loads out or away from other loads. They are also
same, fleet maintenance managers rarely order spare used to pick up capacity loads not seated against the
forks. Forks can last a long time if treated properly, but fork shank and to pick up off-balanced loads far from
they can be deceptive. Careful inspection is required the side of the truck. The fork tips are sometimes
to ensure forks are not worn. inserted under other fork trucks to lift them during
maintenance operations.
It's true that most forks are customized to the truck by
model and capacity: They are big, heavy and thought Lift trucks may collide with building columns and
of as indestructible. However, forks can be abused or walls, and though the forks show no discernible bend,
ruined in the course of daily work. they may be damaged beyond safety.
Here are some examples of ways that forks can be Any time excessive heat is applied to any part of a
damaged: fork during repair, hidden damage may occur.
Forks can be overloaded either by picking up a load The fork itself is a concern but so are the hooks that
too far out on the forks, or simply by picking up loads secure them to the lift carriage.
heavier than the truck rating.
12-73
MAST AND FORKS
12-74
MAST AND FORKS
Chain elongation
Unit: mm (in.)/20 links
Truck type
Item 1 ton 2 ton 3 ton
class class class
317.5 381 508
A
(12.50) (15.00) (20.00) 20 links
Triplex mast
327 392 523
B
(12.87) (15.43) (20.59)
A: Standard value (new) B: Service limit
213965
22.4 Adjusting Clearance between Lift Bracket Roller and Inner Mast
(1) Back-to-front clearance check on lift bracket main
rollers F
(a) Raise the forks slightly from the ground.
(b) Insert a bar between the upper part of lift
bracket and the inner mast, and slide the inner
mast to one side. Using feeler gauges, mea-
sure clearance F between the main roller and
inner mast on the opposite side.
Unit: mm (in.)
F 1 (0.04) maximum F 213966
12-75
MAST AND FORKS
mast.
12-76
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
F 1 (0.04) maximum
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
G
(0.004 to 0.020)
213974
12-77
MAST AND FORKS
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
G
(0.004 to 0.020)
Unit: mm (in.)
0.1 to 0.5
G2
(0.004 to 0.020)
12-78
MAST AND FORKS
22.8 Right and Left Lift Cylinder Stroke Inspection and Adjustment
(1) Slowly raise the inner mast, and observe how the
piston rods, left and right, stop at the moment the
inner mast reaches its maximum height.
(2) If the top of the inner mast jolts at that moment,
make a shim adjustment.
Abnormal condition can be detected by a little
time lag in stopping between the piston rods, left
and right, and shaking of the rod with a longer cyl-
inder stroke.
213978
(d) Slowly lower the inner mast to the bottom to Inner mast
ensure the piston rods move smoothly and that
the left and right lift cylinders come to the end Shim (l)
of stroke simultaneously at the maximum lift
position of inner mast. Cylinder bracket
213943
12-79
MAST AND FORKS
Clearance between lift rollers and side rollers incorrect Readjust clearance.
Lift bracket and
Relubricate side rollers and replace
inner mast do not Rollers not rotating smoothly on their shafts
other rollers.
move smoothly.
Mast strip clearance incorrect Adjust shims.
Too much clearance on side rollers Readjust by adding shims.
Lift bracket or inner
Lift chains unequally tensioned Readjust chain tension.
mast are not in a
level position. Shim adjustments unequally made on between left and
Remove or add shims.
right lift cylinders (at maximum height)
Mast makes noise. Rollers not rotating smoothly on their shafts Check and adjust or replace rollers.
Lift cylinder Lift cylinder packing damaged Replace.
descends due to a
load (Drift). Sliding (inside) surface of lift cylinder tube damaged Replace.
Whole mast shakes. Mast-support bushing or metal worn Retighten or replace.
Mast is distorted. Off-center loading or overload Replace mast assembly.
Distortion of finger bar
Fork tips differ in
Distortion of forks Repair or replace.
height.
Uneven loading
12-80
MAST AND FORKS
12-81
MAST AND FORKS
G
G2
G1
F G
G
B2
F
G
G
B1
C
Lift bracket
Mast width is slightly wide at the lower portion than at the upper portion.
Measure the clearance at the mast upper position.
214859
12-82