Answer on question #57953 - Chemistry - Inorganic Chemistry

Question:
4. By assigning oxidation numbers, identify the oxidising agent and the reducing agent
in each of the following reactions.
(a) 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s)
(b) 2Na(s) + Br2(g) → 2NaBr(s)
(c) Br2 + 2KI → 2KBr + I2
(d) Fe2O3 + C → Fe + CO2
(e) 2NH3 + 3CuO → 3Cu + 3H2O + N2

5. The cell potential, or electromotive force (emf) is important because it is related to

the maximum electrical work that can be obtained from an electrochemical cell. A
voltaic cell is constructed that uses the following reaction and operates at 298K:
Zn(s) + Ni2+(aq) -> Zn2+(aq) + Ni(s)

Given that:
Half reaction Standard Reduction Potential (Ered)
Ni2+(aq) + 2e- --> Ni(s) -0.280 V
Zn2+(aq) + 2e- --> Zn(s) -0.763 V
(a) What is the emf of this cell under standard conditions?

Solution:
0 0 −2
4. (a) 2𝑀𝑔(𝑠) + 𝑂2(𝑔) → 2𝑀𝑔+2 𝑂(𝑠) ; Mg - reducing agent, O2 - oxidising agent.
0 0 −1
(b) 2𝑁𝑎(𝑠) + 𝐵𝑟2(𝑔) → 2𝑁𝑎+1 𝐵𝑟(𝑠) ; Na - reducing agent, Br2 - oxidising agent.
(c) 𝐵𝑟20 + 2𝐾 +1 𝐼 −1 → 2𝐾 +1 𝐵𝑟 −1 + 𝐼2 ; KI - reducing agent, Br2 - oxidising agent.
(d) 2𝐹𝑒2+3 𝑂3−2 + 3𝐶 0 → 4𝐹𝑒 0 + 3𝐶 +4 𝑂2−2 ; C - reducing agent, Fe2O3 - oxidising agent.
(e) 2𝑁 −3 𝐻3+1 + 3𝐶𝑢+2 𝑂−2 → 3𝐶𝑢0 + 3𝐻2+1 𝑂−2 + 𝑁20 ; NH3 - reducing agent, CuO - oxidising
agent.

2+ 2+
5. (a) emf = Ered(𝑁𝑖 ⁄𝑁𝑖 0 ) - Ered(𝑍𝑛 ⁄𝑍𝑛0 ) = -0.280 V -(-0.763 V) = 0.483 V
Answer:
4. (a) Mg - reducing agent, O2 - oxidising agent.
(b) Na - reducing agent, Br2 - oxidising agent.
(c) KI - reducing agent, Br2 - oxidising agent.
(d) C - reducing agent, Fe2O3 - oxidising agent.
(e) NH3 - reducing agent, CuO - oxidising agent.

5. (a) emf = 0.483 V

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