ELEMENTOS FINITOS

ÚLTIMO DEBER

Diego Guerrero
00124579
Stressing a plate with a circular or elliptical Hole

A square plate with sides length 2a and a circular hole with radius r is shown above.
The plate is under remote tensile loading, σ, as shown. A finite element model of the
figure on the figure on the right, which takes advantage of the symmetry, is given in the
input file strnrhl-elps.inp (see the end of this assignment for input file).
1. Run the input file strnrhl-elps.inp. Notice that there is no loading given in the
static step. This input file just creates the mesh for the figure shown on the right.
Notice that an element set called “LOADED” is defined. Make sure you
understand the commands used to generate the mesh (*NGEN, *NFILL,
*ELGEN)

Se entienden los comandos para generar la malla: NFILL sirve para rellenar los nodos
en una región; NGEN genera los nodos incrementales y ELGEN genera los elementos
incrementales.
 - Código:
*HEADING HOLE2, EDGE2, 22, 20
stressfield in sq elastic plate with hole *NSET, NSET=HORSYM, GENERATE
*PARAMETER 1, 441, 20
E = 2E5 *NSET, NSET=VERSYM, GENERATE
nu = 0.30 17, 457, 20
** *ELEMENT, TYPE=CPS8
** E: Young’s Modulus (MPa) 1, 1, 41, 43, 3, 21, 42, 23, 2
** nu: Poisson ratio *ELGEN, ELSET=ELALL
*NODE 1, 8, 2, 1, 11, 40, 10
1, 1., 0. *ELSET, ELSET=LOADED, GENERATE
9,.707, .707 105, 108, 1
17, 0., 1. *SOLIDSECTION,ELSET=ELALL,MAT
ERIAL=ELAS
441,4., 0.
*MATERIAL, NAME=ELAS
449,4., 4.
*ELASTIC
457, 0., 4.
<E>, <nu>
1000, 0., 0.
*BOUNDARY
*NGEN, LINE=C, NSET=HOLE1
VERSYM, XSYMM
1, 9, 1, 1000
*BOUNDARY
*NGEN, LINE=C, NSET=HOLE2
HORSYM, YSYMM
9, 17, 1, 1000
*STEP, NAME=STEP-1
*NSET, NSET=MAPSET
*STATIC
HOLE1, HOLE2
*OUTPUT, FIELD,
*NGEN, NSET=EDGE1 VARIABLE=PRESELECT
441, 449, 1 *EL PRINT,POSITION=CENTROIDAL
*NGEN, NSET=EDGE2 S,COORD
449, 457, 1 *NODE PRINT
*NFILL, BIAS=0.88, TWO STEP, U,COORD
NSET=NALL1
*END STEP
HOLE1, EDGE1, 22, 20
*NFILL, BIAS=0.88, TWO STEP,
NSET=NALL2
 2. Modify the input file used in part (1) to analyze the problem of a plate under
remote tensile loading.
a. Use the element set “LOADED” to apply the appropriate loading on the
boundary. One way to do this is to define a distributed load on the element
faces at the boundary using the *DLOAD command.
b. Modify the step definition so that a perturbation step is used.
c. Print and Run your modified (and well commented) input file. (NOTE: in
strnhl-elps.inp the output requests have been commented out – you will have
to change this to get output to the data and output database files)
d. Use ABAQUS/Viewer to examine and prepare plots of your solutions, these
should include: the deformed shape, contour plots of stresses, contour plots
of strains.

Se necesita aplicar cargas, por lo que al código utilizado en el literal l se le aumenta el

comando *DLOAD.
 - Código:
*HEADING **ELEMENT DEFINITION
*PARAMETER *ELEMENT, TYPE=CPS8
E=2E5 1, 1, 41, 43, 3, 21, 42, 23, 2
nu=0.30 *ELGEN, ELSET=ELALL
** E: MODULO DE YOUNG 1, 8, 2, 1, 11, 40, 10
** nu: POISSON RATIO *ELSET, ELSET=LOADED, GENERATE
** 105, 108, 1
** NODE DEFINITIONS **
** **MATERIAL DEFINITION
*NODE **
1, 1., 0. *SOLIDSECTION,ELSET=ELALL,MATERIA
9,.707, .707 L=ELAS
17, 0., 1. *MATERIAL, NAME=ELAS
441,4., 0. *ELASTIC
449,4., 4. <E>, <nu>
457, 0., 4. **
1000, 0., 0. **BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
*NGEN, LINE=C, NSET=HOLE1 **
1, 9, 1, 1000 *BOUNDARY
*NGEN, LINE=C, NSET=HOLE2 VERSYM, XSYMM
9, 17, 1, 1000 *BOUNDARY
*NSET, NSET=MAPSET HORSYM, YSYMM
HOLE1, HOLE2 **
*NGEN, NSET=EDGE1 ** APPLY LOADING
441, 449, 1 **
*NGEN, NSET=EDGE2 *STEP, NAME=STEP-1
449, 457, 1 *STATIC
*NFILL, BIAS=0.88, TWO STEP, *ELSET,ELSET=LOADED,GENERATE
NSET=NALL1 105,108,1
HOLE1, EDGE1, 22, 20 *DLOAD
*NFILL, BIAS=0.88, TWO STEP, LOADED,P3,100
NSET=NALL2 *OUTPUT, FIELD, VARIABLE=PRESELECT
HOLE2, EDGE2, 22, 20 *EL PRINT,POSITION=CENTROIDAL
*NSET, NSET=HORSYM, GENERATE S,COORD
1, 441, 20 *NODE PRINT
*NSET, NSET=VERSYM, GENERATE U,COORD
17, 457, 20 *END STEP
 3. The input file strnrhl-elps.inp uses 8-noded isoparametric elements. Write an
input file to solve the same problem using constant-strain-triangular elements.
Run the file and examine similar output as mentioned in part (2).
Se necesita cambiar el tipo de elementos que se usa, de 8 nodos a 3 nodos por lo que en
el comando se usa TYPE=CPS3. Se realiza el mallado y los análisis respectivos.
 - Código:
*HEADING **
*PARAMETER *ELEMENT, TYPE=CPS3
E=2E5 1,1,41,43
nu=0.30 *ELGEN,ELSET=ELALL
** E: MODULO DE YOUNG 1,8,2,1,11,40,10
** nu: POISSON RATIO *ELEMENT, TYPE=CPS3
** 109,1,43,3
** NODE DEFINITIONS *ELGEN,ELSET=ELALL
** 109,8,2,1,11,40,10
*NODE **
1, 1., 0. **MATERIAL DEFINITION
9,.707, .707 **
17, 0., 1. *SOLIDSECTION,ELSET=ELALL,MATERIA
441,4., 0. L=ELAS
449,4., 4. *MATERIAL, NAME=ELAS
457, 0., 4. *ELASTIC
1000, 0., 0. <E>, <nu>
*NGEN, LINE=C, NSET=HOLE1 **
1, 9, 1, 1000 **BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
*NGEN, LINE=C, NSET=HOLE2 **
9, 17, 1, 1000 *BOUNDARY
*NSET, NSET=MAPSET VERSYM, XSYMM
HOLE1, HOLE2 *BOUNDARY
*NGEN, NSET=EDGE1 HORSYM, YSYMM
441, 449, 1 **
*NGEN, NSET=EDGE2 ** APPLY LOADING
449, 457, 1 **
*NFILL, BIAS=0.88, TWO STEP, *STEP, NAME=STEP-1
NSET=NALL1 *STATIC
HOLE1, EDGE1, 22, 20 *ELSET,ELSET=LOADED,GENERATE
*NFILL, BIAS=0.88, TWO STEP, 105,108,1
NSET=NALL2 *DLOAD
HOLE2, EDGE2, 22, 20 LOADED,P3,100
*NSET, NSET=HORSYM, GENERATE *OUTPUT, FIELD, VARIABLE=PRESELECT
1, 441, 20 *EL PRINT,POSITION=CENTROIDAL
*NSET, NSET=VERSYM, GENERATE S,COORD
17, 457, 20 *NODE PRINT
** U,COORD
**ELEMENT DEFINITION *END STEP
 4. The geometry for parts (1)-(3) involved a circular hole in a square plate. Now
consider a plate with an elliptical hole. Modify the input files used in parts (2)
and (3) so that the round hole becomes an elliptical hole, with dimensions shown
above. To do this, you can use the command *NMAP:
*NMAP, NSET = MAPSET, TYPE=RECTANGULAR
0,0,0,1,0,0
0,1,0
0,0.333,0
Look up this command so that you understand how it changes the nodal
coordinates. Repeat parts (2) & (3) for this configuration.

Al introducir las líneas de código proporcionadas se obtiene una elipse interna. Con esto
se obtiene el mallado y los análisis respectivos.
 5. The solution for an infinite plate with a circular hole under remote tensile stress
loading is derived in Rice, Solid Mechanics, pp. 65-68, and some results from
the solution for an elliptical hole are given there too. Provide a clear, careful and
detailed comparison of your numerical solutions from (2), (3), and (4) to those
results. E.g., compare to predicted maximum stresses, to σ versus r for the
circular case and to displacements of the hole boundary along the rays θ = 0°
and 90°. How could you determine whether differences were due primarily to
inaccuracies of the numerical procedure, or to the infinite versus finite overall
plate dimensions?

- Círculo:
𝜎∞ 𝑎2 3𝑎4
𝜎𝜃 = ( ) [(1 + 2 ) + (1 + 4 ) cos 2𝜃]
2 𝑟 𝑟

Al reemplazar r=a y θ=0°

𝜎𝜃 = 3𝜎 ∞ = 300
Al reemplazar r=a y θ=90°
𝜎𝜃 = −𝜎 ∞ = −100
- Elipse:
2𝑏
𝜎2 = 𝜎 ∞ (1 + ) = 701
𝑎