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RC COLUM N DESIGN
In accordance with EN1992-1-1:2004 incorporating Corrigendum January 2008 and the recom m ended values
T edds calculation version 1.3.02

Colum n input details

Colum n geom etry
Overall depth (perpendicular to y axis); h = 600 m m
Overall breadth (perpendicular to z axis); b = ;625; m m
Clear height between restraints about y axis; l y = ;4350; m m
Clear height between restraints about z axis; l z = ;4350; m m
Stability in the z direction; Braced
Stability in the y direction; Braced
Concrete details
Concrete strength class; C30/37
Partial safety factor for concrete (2.4.2.4(1)); C = 1.50
Coefficient cc (3.1.6(1)); cc = 1.00
Maxim um aggregate size; d g = 20 m m
Reinforcem ent details
Nom inal cover to links; c nom = 35 m m
Longitudinal bar diam eter; = 32 m m
Link diam eter; v = 8 mm
Total num ber of longitudinal bars; N = 18
No. of bars per face parallel to y axis; N y = ;6
No. of bars per face parallel to z axis; N z = ;5
2
Area of longitudinal reinforcement; As = N / 4 = 14476 m m 2
Characteristic yield strength; f yk = 500 N/m m 2
Partial safety factor for reinft (2.4.2.4(1)); S = 1.15
Modulus of elasticity of reinft (3.2.7(4)); E s = 200 kN/m m 2

Fire resistance details

Fire resistance period; R = 60 m in
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Exposure to fire; Exposed on m ore than one side

Ratio of fire design axial load to design resistance; fi = 0.70

Axial load and bending m om ents from fram e analysis

Design axial load; N Ed = 16819.0 kN
Mom ent about y axis at top; M topy = ;500.0; kNm
Mom ent about y axis at bottom ; M btmy = ;0.0; kNm
Mom ent about z axis at top; M topz = ;300.0; kNm
Mom ent about z axis at bottom ; M btmz = ;0.0; kNm
Colum n end restraints
End restraints for buckling about y axis; Braced, no rotational restraint both ends
End restraints for buckling about z axis; Braced, no rotational restraint both ends

Calculated colum n properties

Concrete properties
Area of concrete; Ac = h b = 375000 m m 2
Characteristic com pression cylinder strength; f ck = 30 N/m m 2
Design com pressive strength (3.1.6(1)); f cd = cc f ck / C = 20.0 N/m m 2
Mean value of cylinder strength (Table 3.1); f cm = f ck + 8 MPa = 38.0 N/m m 2
Secant m odulus of elasticity (Table 3.1); E cm = 22000 MPa (f cm / 10 MPa) 0.3 = 32.8 kN/m m 2

Rectangular stress block factors

Depth factor (3.1.7(3)); sb = 0.8
Stress factor (3.1.7(3)); = 1.0

Strain lim its

Com pression strain lim it (Table 3.1); cu 3 = 0.00350
Pure com pression strain lim it (Table 3.1); c3 = 0.00175

Design yield strength of reinforcem ent

Design yield strength (3.2.7(2)); f yd = f yk / S = 434.8 N/m m 2

Check nom inal cover for fire and bond requirem ents
Min. cover reqd for bond (to links) (4.4.1.2(3)); c min,b = m ax( v, - v) = 24 m m
Min axis distance for fire (EN1992-1-2 T 5.2a); a fi = 40 m m
Allowance for deviations from m in cover (4.4.1.3); c dev = 10 m m
Min allowable nom inal cover; c nom_min = max(a fi - /2- v, c min,b + c dev) = 34.0 m m
PASS - the nominal cover is greater than the minimum required
Effective depths of bars for bending about y axis
2
Area per bar; A bar = / 4 = 804 m m 2
Spacing of bars in faces parallel to z axis (c/c); s z = (h - 2 (c nom + v) - ) / (N z - 1) = 121 m m
Layer 1 (in tension face); d y1 = h - c nom - v - / 2 = 541 m m
Layer 2; d y2 = d y1 - s z = 420 m m
Layer 3; d y3 = d y2 - s z = 300 m m
Layer 4; d y4 = d y3 - s z = 179 m m
Layer 5; d y5 = d y4 - s z = 59 m m
2nd m om ent of area of reinft about y axis; I sy = 2 A bar [N y (d y1 -h/2)2 + 2 (d y2 - h/2) 2] = 60725 cm 4
Radius of gyration of reinft about y axis; i sy = (I sy / A s) = 205 m m
Effective depth about y axis (5.8.8.3(2)); d y = h / 2 + i sy = 505 m m
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Effective depths of bars for bending about z axis

2
Area of per bar; A bar = / 4 = 804 m m 2
Spacing of bars in faces parallel to y axis (c/c); s y = (b - 2 (c nom + v) - ) / (N y - 1) = 101 m m
Layer 1 (in tension face); d z1 = b - c nom - v - / 2 = 566 m m
Layer 2; d z2 = d z1 - s y = 465 m m
Layer 3; d z3 = d z2 - s y = 363 m m
Layer 4; d z4 = d z3 - s y = 262 m m
Layer 5; d z5 = d z4 - s y = 160 m m
Layer 6; d z6 = d z5 - s y = 59 m m
2nd m om ent of area of reinft about z axis; I sz = 2 A bar [N z (d z1 -b/2) 2+2 (d z2-b/2) 2+2 (d z3-b/2) 2] = 59952 cm 4
Radius of gyration of reinft about z axis; i sz = (I sz / A s) = 204 m m
Effective depth about z axis (5.8.8.3(2)); d z = b / 2 + i sz = 516 m m
Colum n effective length
Eff length factor (buckling about y axis) (Fig. 5.7); f y = 1.00
Colum n effective length about y axis; l 0y = f y l y = 4350 m m

Eff length factor (buckling about z axis) (Fig. 5.7); f z = 1.00

Colum n effective length about z axis; l 0z = f z l z = 4350 m m

Colum n slenderness about y axis

Radius of gyration; i y = h / (12) = 17.3 cm
Slenderness ratio (5.8.3.2(1)); y = l 0y / i y = 25.1

Colum n slenderness about z axis

Radius of gyration; i z = b / (12) = 18.0 cm
Slenderness ratio (5.8.3.2(1)); z = l 0z / i z = 24.1

Design bending m om ents

Fram e analysis m om ents about y axis com bined with m om ents due to im perfections (cl. 5.2 & 6.1(4))
Ecc. due to geom etric im perfections (y axis); eiy = l 0y /400 = 10.9 m m
Min end m om ent about y axis; M 01y = m in(abs(M topy ), abs(M btmy)) + e iy N Ed = 182.9 kNm
Max end m om ent about y axis; M 02y = m ax(abs(M topy ), abs(M btmy )) + eiy N Ed = 682.9 kNm
Slenderness lim it for buckling about y axis (cl. 5.8.3.1)
Factor A; A = 0.7
Mechanical reinforcem ent ratio; = As f yd / (A c f cd ) = 0.839
Factor B; B = (1 + 2 ) = 1.637
Mom ent ratio; r my = M 01y / M 02y = ;0.268
Factor C; C y = 1.7 - r my = 1.432
Relative norm al force; n = N Ed / (A c f cd ) = 2.243
Slenderness lim it; limy = 20 A B C y / (n) = 21.9
y >= lim y - Second order effects must be considered

Fram e analysis m om ents about z axis com bined with m om ents due to im perfections (cl. 5.2 & 6.1(4))
Ecc. due to geom etric im perfections (z axis); eiz = l 0z /400 = 10.9 m m
Min end m om ent about z axis; M 01z = m in(abs(M topz ), abs(M btmz)) + e iz N Ed = 182.9 kNm
Max end m om ent about z axis; M 02z = m ax(abs(M topz ), abs(M btmz )) + eiz N Ed = 482.9 kNm
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Slenderness lim it for buckling about y axis (cl. 5.8.3.1)

Factor A; A = 0.7
Mechanical reinforcem ent ratio; = As f yd / (A c f cd ) = 0.839
Factor B; B = (1 + 2 ) = 1.637
Mom ent ratio; r mz = M 01z / M 02z = ;0.379
Factor C; C z = 1.7 - r mz = 1.321
Relative norm al force; n = N Ed / (A c f cd ) = 2.243
Slenderness lim it; limz = 20 A B C z / (n) = 20.2
z >= limz - Second order effects must be considered

Local second order bending m om ent about y axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 5.8.8.3)
Relative hum idity of am bient environm ent; RH = 50 %
Colum n perim eter in contact with atm osphere; u = 2400 m m
Age of concrete at loading; t 0 = 28 day
Param eter n u ; nu = 1 + = 1.839
Approx value of n at m ax m om ent of resistance; n bal = 0.4
Axial load correction factor; K r = m in(1.0 , (n u - n) / (n u - n bal )) = -0.280
Reinforcem ent design strain; yd = f yd / E s = 0.00217
Basic curvature; curve basic_y = yd / (0.45 d y ) = 0.0000096 m m -1
Notional size of colum n; h0 = 2 A c / u = 313 m m
Factor 1 (Annex B.1(1)); 1 = (35 MPa / f cm ) 0.7 = 0.944
Factor 2 (Annex B.1(1)); 2 = (35 MPa / f cm ) 0.2 = 0.984
Relative hum idity factor (Annex B.1(1)); RH = [1 + ((1 - RH / 100%) / (0.1 m m -1/3 (h 0) 1/3)) 1] 2 = 1.668
Concrete strength factor (Annex B.1(1)); fcm = 16.8 (1 MPa) 1/2 / (f cm ) = 2.725
Concrete age factor (Annex B.1(1)); t0 = 1 / (0.1 + (t 0 / 1 day) 0.2) = 0.488
Notional creep coefficient (Annex B.1(1)); 0 = RH fcm t0 = 2.220
Final creep developm ent factor; (at t = ¥); c = 1.0
Final creep coefficient (Annex B.1(1)); = 0 c = 2.220
Ratio of SLS to ULS m om ents; r My = 0.80
Effective creep ratio; efy = r My = 1.776
Factor ; y = 0.35 + f ck / 200 MPa - y / 150 = 0.333
Creep factor; K y = m ax(1.0 , 1 + y efy ) = 1.591
Modified curvature; curve mod_y = K r K y curvebasic_y = -0.0000043 m m -1
Curvature distribution factor; c = 10
Deflection; e2y = curve mod_y l 0y 2 / c = -8.1 m m
nd
Nom inal 2 order m om ent; M 2y = N Ed e 2y = -135.8 kNm

Design bending m om ent about y axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 6.1(4))

Equivalent m om ent from fram e analysis; M 0ey = m ax(0.6 M 02y + 0.4 M 01y , 0.4 M 02y ) = ;482.9; kNm
Design m om ent; M Ed y = m ax(M 02y , M 0ey + M 2y, M 01y + 0.5 M 2y, N Ed m ax(h/30, 20 m m ))
M Ed y = 682.9 kNm
Local second order bending m om ent about z axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 5.8.8.3)
Basic curvature; curve basic_z = yd / (0.45 d z ) = 0.0000094 m m -1
Ratio of SLS to ULS m om ents; r Mz = 0.80
Effective creep ratio (5.8.4(2)); efz = r Mz = 1.776
Factor ; z = 0.35 + f ck / 200 MPa - z / 150 = 0.339
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Creep factor; K z = m ax(1.0 , 1 + z efz ) = 1.603

Modified curvature; curve mod_z = K r K z curvebasic_z = -0.0000042 m m -1
Curvature distribution factor; c = 10
Deflection; e2z = curve mod_z l 0z 2 / c = -8.0 m m
Nom inal 2 nd order m om ent; M 2z = N Ed e 2z = -133.8 kNm

Design bending m om ent about z axis (cl. 5.8.8.2 & 6.1(4))

Equivalent m om ent from fram e analysis; M 0ez = m ax(0.6 M 02z + 0.4 M 01z , 0.4 M 02z ) = ;362.9; kNm
Design m om ent; M Ed z = m ax(M 02z , M 0ez + M 2z, M 01z + 0.5 M 2z, N Ed m ax(b/30, 20 m m ))
M Ed z = 482.9 kNm