VIII.

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

PREDISPOSING FACTORS ETIOLOGY PRECIPITATING FACTORS

 AGE= 19 years old (UNKNOWN)  Stressful life events

 GENDER= Female 1. Father left the home when she
 Family history of (patient DR) was 9 years old;
schizophrenia (Father’s 2. Mother worked abroad when she
brother) was 10 years old
 Normal spontaneous 3. Beaten up by her brother 2 times
delivery 4. Embarrassed in front of the class,
told her “Bobo” and threw papers
at her.

B. PSYCHOSOCIAL C.PSYCHOSEXUAL
A. NEUROLOGIC

Alteration in the function
of neuro transmitters
Increase serotonin levels Increase dopamine levels
Labile
Positive or Hard
Symptoms:
Depressed mood
 Hallucinations
 Difficulty making decisions
 Delusions
 Bizarre behaviors
Trust vs. Mistrust (Infant) Oral Stage (0 -1-year-old)
 Planned birth  Breastfed
 Parent is alive at birth
 Sense of security
Anal Stage (1 to 3 years old)
 Started the urge to defecate at 1
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddler) year and 6 months
 Able to feed and dress herself  No toilet training
 Able to guide her gradually  Incidence of bedwetting until
 Simple cooperativeness grade 3
Negative or Soft
Symptoms:
 Apathy Initiative vs Guilt (Preschool) Phallic Stage (3-6 years old)

Anhedonia
 Parents are supportive  Curiosity about her sex
 Blunted affect
 Discouraged to control her environment  Penis envy
by not wandering around the house  Attachment with father

Haloperidol & Chlorpromazine

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I II
D. COGNITIVE
Sensorimotor (Birth to 2 years)
 She cries when left by parents
 Touching and handling objects when it is
out of sight
Preoperational (2-7 years old)
 Expresses herself with language
 Able to classify her toys according to color
Concrete Operations (7-11 years old)
 Begins to apply logical thinking
 Recognizes conservation of mass &
weight
 Classifies objects by several features and
can place them in order
Formal Operations (11 years old and onwards)
 Graduated high school
 Begins to apply abstract thinking
 Unexpanded and unrefined reasoning
Industry vs inferiority (School-age)
 Ability to cooperate
 Active in class
 Competence in games
 Lead in taking care of siblings
 Scolded because of being overactive in
play
 Prevented to talk with other people
Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescent)
 Identified herself as female
 Hates the opposite sex
 Insecure of her skin tone
 Sense of self is threatened (embarrassed
in front of class, told her “bobo” and
threw papers at her)
 “Plastic” and “Hindi totoo” relationship
with friends
 Diagnosed with schizophrenia
Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young adulthood)
 Has boyfriend named T.
 Single
Latency Stage (6-12 years old)
 Good in class
 Active in discussion
 Fond of playing with others
 Resolution of penis envy
 Sexual drive diverted to social
activities
Genital Stage (12 years old and above)
 Identified herself as female
 No sexual relationship
 With peer relationship with
opposite sex (boyfriend named T)
 Wanting relationship with same-
sex
 Physical abuse by her brother
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 II
E. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES & TASKS
Infancy and Early Childhood (Birth- 5 years old)
 Learned to walk
 Learned to talk
X Learned to control bodily wastes
Childhood (onset of language- 6 years old)
Middle Childhood (6 - 12 years old)
 Learned physical skills for playing games
 Developed school-related skills such as reading,
writing, and counting
 Developed conscience and values
X Attained independence
Adolescence (13 – 17 years old)
 Established emotional independence from parents
 Achieved gender-based social role
X Established mature relationships with peers of both
sexes
Early Adulthood (18-35 years old)
 Choosing a partner
X Establishing a family
X Managing a home
X Establishing a career
F. INTERPERSONAL
Infancy (Birth- onset of language)
 Accomplished gratification of needs
 Experiences maternal tenderness
 Adjust to family events
 Obeys her mother
 Positive self-esteem
Juvenile (6 - 9 years old)
 Active participation in school
activities
 Learns to negotiate own needs
 Scolded because of being overactive
in playing
 Prevented to talk with other people
Preadolescence (9 - 12 years old)
 Adjust to family events
 Obeys her mother
 Positive self-esteem
Early adolescence (12 - 14 years old)
 Learns to be independent
 Form relationships with the same sex
Late adolescence (14- 23 years old)
 Forms long-last relationship with the
opposite sex
III
G. MORAL
LEVEL I: PRECONVETIONAL (Birth – 9 years old)
 Stage 1: Punishment and obedience
orientation
a. Obey rules/commands from her
mother
 Stage 2: Instrumental- relativist orientation
a. Active in school to get a reward
LEVEL II: CONVENTIONAL (9 - 13 years old)
 Stage 3: Interpersonal concordance
a. Respects authority
Stage 4: Law and order orientation
a. Make sure that behavior conforms to
the rules
LEVEL III: POST- CONVENTIONAL (13+ years old)
 Stage 5: Social contract orientation
a. Violated other’s rights by doing wrong
to them
b. She does not trust her friends and
referred them as “Plastic” and “Hindi
totoo”
 Stage 6: Universal ethics orientation (not
achieved)
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III

H. HIERARCHY OF NEEDS I. OPERANT CONDITIONG

BEHAVIOR
(Overactive in playing)

REINFORCEMENT PUNISHMENT
(INCREASE BEHAVIOR) (DECREASE BEHAVIOR)

SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Positive Negative Positive Negative

Reinforcer Reinforcer Punisher Punisher
SELF-ESTEEM
 Scolded by
(Sense of self is threatened (embarrassed in
grandmother
front of class, told her “bobo”, and threw
papers at her)  Prevented to
talk with
other people
LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS
(“Plastic” and “Hindi totoo” relationship with friends;
Father left the home when she (patient DR) was 9 years old;
Mother worked abroad when she was 10 years old)

SECURITY/SAFETY Legends:
(Got beaten up by his brother for 2 times)
Factors
Experiences by the patient that lead to
PHYSIOLOGIC NEEDS
(Able to meet physiologic needs such as food, water, shelter and clothing) the disease
Drugs

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