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Neraca Massa
Neraca Massa
Solid = 1% x 5% A
Uap air = H2O(2,8%)A - H2O(1%)B - H2O(1%)C
Udara F
E
Cyclone 15% I
B
Udara (steam) Uap air Solid = 99% x 5%A
D Solid = 5% A
H2O(1%) = (5%Ax1%) / 99%
A C G
Kapasitas Rotary
Dryer Ball Mill
Solid = 97,2% A Solid
C = 95% A
(1) H2O(1%) = (95%Ax1%) / 99% 115 % I
H2O(2,8%) = 2,8%
A
L2, Xo = 0 V1, Y1, Vs
Scrubber
%)B - H2O(1%)C
L
H
G I K
Screener Mixer Granulator
115 % I Solid Solid = 88% M
H2O H2O = 12% M
Asam Phosphat
Udara
Udara
Q = 1% O
P = 99% O Uap air ke
keUdara
Udara
Cyclone
Cyclone
P Q
Q
Solid = 5% x 88% M
Udara H2O(3%) = (3%x5%x88% M)/97%
O
O Uap air = H2O(12%)M - H2O(3%)N - H2O(3%)O
R
R== 95%
95% N
N
M
M
Rotary Dryer Screener Produk
Produk
Solid = 88% M RR
H2O = 12% M
N
N
Solid
Solid==95%
95%xx88%
88%MM
J
Udara H2O(3%)
H2O(3%)==(3%x95%x88%
(3%x95%x88%M)/97%
M)/97%
J = 5% N
ke Udara
Solid = 1% x 5% A
Udara F Uap air = H2O(2,8%)A - H2O(1%)B - H2O(1%)C
A
Kapasitas Rotary ke Ball Mill
Dryer
Solid = 97,2% A (1) C Solid = 95% A
H2O(2,8%) = 2,8% H2O(1%) = (95%Ax1%) / 99%
A
%A
(2,8%)A - H2O(1%)B - H2O(1%)C
E
15% I
ke Ball Mill
Solid = 99% x 5%A dari Cyclone
Solid = 99% x 5%A
Scrubber
15% I
ke Srubber Steam
L
H
K
K
I K
Screener Mixer
ke Granulator Solid
Solid
115 % I H2O
H2O
Asam Phosphat
Udara
Udara
Q = 1% O
Uap air ke
keUdara
Udara
PP==99%
99%OO
Cyclone
Cyclone
P Q
Q
Steam
Steam
Solid = 5% x 88% M
Udara
Udara H2O(3%) = (3%x5%x88% M)/97%
O
O Uap air = H2O(12%)M - H2O(3%)N - H2O(3%)O
R
R== 95%
95% N
N
K
K M
M
Granulator Rotary Dryer Screener
Screener
Solid
Solid Solid = 88% M RR
H2O = 12% M
N
N
H2O
H2O
Solid
Solid==95%
95%xx88%
88%MM
J
Udara H2O(3%)
H2O(3%)==(3%x95%x88%
(3%x95%x88%M)/97%
M)/97%
Udara
J = 5% N
R
R== 95%
95% N
N
Produk
Produk
Soal B : Perancangan Pabrik I
Waktu : 1 Jam
Sifat : Open Book
Hitung berapa solid dan air yang dibutuhkan jika produk yang diinginkan 20 ton/jam.
Udara
Q = 1% O ke Udara
Steam P = 99% O Uap air
Cyclone
Cyclone
P Q
Q
Solid = 5% x 88% M
Udara H2O(3%) = (3%x5%x88% M)/97%
O
O Uap air = H2O(12%)M - H2O(3%)N - H2O(3%)O
R = 95% N
K
K M
M
Rotary Dryer Screener
Screener Produk
Produk
Granulator
Solid
Solid Solid = 88% M RR
H2O = 12% M
N
N
H2O
H2O
Solid = 95% x 88% M J
Udara H2O(3%) = (3%x95%x88% M)/97%
J = 5% N
Perhitungan Neraca Massa
2
A
Kapasitas Rotary ke Ball Mill
Dryer
Solid = 97,2% A C Solid = 95% A
H2O(2,8%) = 2,8% H2O(1%) = (95%Ax1%) / 99%
A
Umpan masuk
Kapasitas P2O5 (kg) CaO (kg) SiO2 (kg) HF (kg) CO2 (kg) H2O (2.8%) (kg) inert (kg) Solid (kg)
473958.5513 175838.6225323 257833.4519072 947.9171 12796.8809 9479.1710 13270.8394 3791.6684 460687.711864
Massa keluar (ke Ball Mill) Massa keluar (ke Cyclone) Massa keluar dari Cyclone Massa keluar (ke ball mill)
Solid H2O (1%) Solid H2O (1%) Uap Air Udara solid solid
450260.623735 4548.0871 23697.9276 239.3730 8483.3793 224025.54813 236.9793 23460.9483
C G I K
dari Rotary Dryer
Ball Mill Screener Mixer
Solid = 95% A ke Granulator
115 % I
H2O(1%) = (95%Ax1%) / 99%
Asam Phosphat
4. Screen (S-211)
Masuk Keluar Masuk Keluar
dari Rotary dryer 454808.7108 ke screener 550010.1080027 dari R. dryer 550010.1080 ke mixer 478269.659133
dari Cyclone 23460.9483 oversize 71740.4489
dari screener 71740.4489
Total 550010.1080 Total 550010.1080 Total 550010.1080 Total 550010.1080
5. Mixer (R-211)
Batuan Phosphat masuk ke Mixer
478269.6591
Reaksi (3) Ca3(PO4)2 + 2H2SO4 + H2O Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O + 2CaSO4 (H2SO4 habis bereaksi)
Reaksi (5) 2CaF2 + 4H3PO4 + SiO2 2Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O + SiF4 (SiO2 habis bereaksi)
SiF4 yang H2O yang SiO2 yang H2SiF6 yang SiF4 terbuang
bereaksi (kg) dibutuhkan (kg) terbentuk (kg) terbentuk (kg) ke udara (kg) V2, Y2, Vs L1, X1
1575.1014 181.7425 302.9041 1453.9398 82.9001
SiF4 yang H2O yang SiO2 yang H2SiF6 yang SiF4 terbuang
bereaksi (kmol) dibutuhkan (kmol) terbentuk (kmol) terbentuk (kmol) ke udara (kmol)
15.1452 10.0968 5.0484 10.0968 0.7971
8
y2 (SiF4) V1 (SiF4 terb.+CO2) y1 (SiF4 terb.) P scrubber (atm) P uap SiF4 (atm) Y = 12.9465 X Y2 Y1
0.0683 218.1924 0.0037 1 12.9465 0.0733 0.0037
Ls min (kmol) Ls = (1,25-2) Ls min Ls = L2 (kg) H2O sisa (kg) Garis kesetimbangan
(kmol) (H2O) Y X P uap SiF4 (atm)
2814.5082 3518.1353 63326.4355 63144.6931 0.0000 0.0000 12.9465
Y1 0.0037 0.0003 12.9465
0.0100 0.0008 12.9465
Garis operasi 0.0200 0.0015 12.9465
Y Y1 Vs/Ls X 0.0300 0.0023 12.9465
Y1 0.0037 0.0037 0.0620 0.0000 0.0500 0.0039 12.9465
0.0100 0.0037 0.0620 0.0004 0.0600 0.0046 12.9465
0.0200 0.0037 0.0620 0.0010 Y2 0.0733 0.0057 12.9465
0.0400 0.0037 0.0620 0.0023
0.0500 0.0037 0.0620 0.0029
0.0600 0.0037 0.0620 0.0035
Y2 0.0733 0.0037 0.0620 0.0043
Rumus
Vs (Y - Y1) = Ls (X - Xo)
0.0800
X = (Y - Y1) Vs/Ls
0.0700
0.0600
Y
0.0500
0.0400
Masuk Keluar 0.0300
Garis kesetim bangan
SiF4 1658.0015 CO2 9565.3932 0.0200 Garis operasi
Udara
Udara
Udara
Udara
Q = 1% O
Uap air ke
keUdara
Udara 9
PP==99%
99%OO
Cyclone
Cyclone
P Q
Q
Steam
Steam
Solid = 5% x 88% M
Udara
Udara H2O(3%) = (3%x5%x88% M)/97%
O
O Uap air = H2O(12%)M - H2O(3%)N - H2O(3%)O
R
R== 95%
95% N
K
K M
M N
7. Granulator (B-310)
Massa masuk (dari Mixer) Massa keluar (ke Rotary dryer)
TSP (solid+H2O) Solid H2O solid H2O TSP
1614893.4464 1474167.5242 140725.9222 1637943.2347 223355.895641 1861299.1303
Massa keluar (dari Rotary dryer) Massa masuk Massa masuk (dari cyclone) total recycle recycle dari
(H2O 3%) Solid TSP (dari screener) solid H2O cyclone
48125.1363 1556046.0730 1604171.2092 80208.5605 81897.1617 2532.9019 163794.3235 83585.7630
Masuk Keluar
TSP dari mixer 1614893.4464 TSP 1861299.1303
TSP recycle 163794.3235
steam 82611.3604
Masuk Keluar
TSP basah : TSP :
Solid 1637943.2347 Solid 1556046.0730
H2O (12%) 223355.895640899 H2O (3%) 48125.136277266
Udara 6218703.0850 ke cyclone 84430.0636
Uap air 172697.8574543
Udara 6218703.0850
Total 8080002.2153 Total 8080002.2153
Masuk Keluar
Debu TSP 84430.0636 Debu recycle 83585.763007883
Uap air 172697.857454303 Debu ke udara 844.3006
Udara 6218703.0850 Uap air 172697.8574543
Udara 6218703.0850
Total 6475831.0061 Total 6475831.0061
Masuk Keluar
TSP masuk 1861299.1303 Produk 1768234.1738
Oversize 74451.9652
Undersize 18612.991303408
Total 1861299.1303 Total 1861299.1303
1
Memperbaiki grafik :
1. Chart Area, clik kanan [format chart area (source data, dll), clik]
2. Plot Area, clik kanan (format plot area, clik)
3. Value (X) axis, clik kanan (format axis, clik)
Value (Y) axis, clik kanan (format axis, clik)
4. Value (X) axis title, clik kanan (format axis, clik)
Value (Y) axis title, clik kanan (format axis, clik)
5. Legend, clik kanan (format legend, clik)
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran"
Jawa Timur
2004
Perhitungan Goal Seek pada Neraca Panas
Q1 691979.4849 A 224025.5481
Q2 7095388.2383
Q3 996940.69417 2/100(Q1+Q2) 155747.3545
Q4 6541806.7782
Q5 92872.896246 Q1+Q2 -(Q3+Q4+Q5) 155747.3545
Satu recycle
c 454808.7108
e 23460.9483
h Err:522
g Err:522
I Err:522
Dua recycle
solid H2O TSP
k 1474167.5243 140725.9222 1614893.4465 Err:522
m Err:522 Err:522 Err:522 Err:522
j Err:522
n Err:522 Err:522 Err:522 Err:522
o Err:522 Err:522 Err:522 Err:522
p Err:522
r Err:522
q Err:522
a x b
100 10.10101005 100.0000514462
Perhitungan Neraca Panas
11
Q2 100 C Q5
212 F
312,16 K
Q1
Solid Q3 Solid ke Ball Mill
H2O (2,8 %) 30 C
B-110
B-110 33 C
H2O (1 %)
303 K 306 K
Q4
Uap air
128,096 F
ke Udara
Massa masuk Massa keluar
Berat solid 450260.623735
Berat batuan phosphat 473958.5513 Berat air dalam batuan phosphat 4548.0871
Berat air dalam batuan phosphat 13270.8394 Berat uap air 8483.3793
Berat udara (Solver) 224025.5481
Berat udara (perhitungan) 220717.073113094
Massa keluar Berat solid ke cyclone 23697.9276
Berat b. phosphat ke ball mill 454808.7108 Berat H2O ke cyclone 239.3730
Berat b. phosphat ke Cyclone 23937.3006 Total kebutuhan udara (steam) 228954.1102
Rumus
Data Ww - Wg =0.26/lw(tg-tw)
R. H 0.850 tw (F) 104
Humidity (Wg) 0.022 Ww-Wg 0.027
hg/(kg.Mg.P) 0.260 0.26/lw(tg-tw) 0.027
Ww 0.049
lw (lw) 1025.600 NTU = ln[(tg1-tw)/tg2-tw)]
tg1 (F) 212.000 NTU 1.500
Wg 0.022 tg2 (F) 128.096
NTU (1,5-2) 1.500 tg1-tw 108.000
C K F
t ref 25 298 77 tg2-tw 24.096
t (Q1) 30 303 (tg1-tw)/tg2-tw) 4.482
t (Q2) 100 212 ln[(tg1-tw)/tg2-tw)] 1.500
t (Q3) 33 306
t (Q4) 312.16 128.029 Rumus
t (Q5) 312.16 Q = m x Cp x t
Data Cp (cal/kg K) (cal/kg F) Q=mxl
Cp P2O5 (30 C) 48.2616 Q(udara) = m x Ww x Cp x t
Cp CaO 10.2300 Panas Masuk
Cp SiO2 10.7500 Q1(batuan phosphat) 625625.287716
Cp CO2 8.9700 Q1 (H2O) 66354.1972
Cp HF 6.8000 Q1 691979.4849
Cp Batuan Phosphat 0.2640
Cp H2O 1.0000 Q2 (udara kering) 4052622.1657
Cp Udara kering (100 C) 0.2412 0.1340 Q2 (uap air) 167004.32536573
Cp uap Air (100 C) 0.4510 0.2510 Q2 (latent heat) 2875761.7472
l (l) 583.4890 Q2 7095388.2383
Masuk Keluar
Batuan Phosphat 691979.4849 Batuan Phosphat 996940.6942
Udara panas 7095388.2383 Udara 6541806.7782
debu 92872.8962
Heat loss (2%) 155747.3545
Total 7787367.7231 Total 7787367.7231
Rumus
Qs = Q7 - Q6
S = Qs/l
Masuk Keluar
Udara 279159.1316 Udara 4219293.8131
Steam 3940134.6815
Total 4219293.8131 Total 4219293.8131