Formation of Compounds

(Binary Compounds / Ionic Bonding)

(Workbook 4 – pages 11 & 12)
 Formation of Compounds
(Binary Compounds / Ionic Bonding)

2 (Compound formed with ions)

(Compound made of two elements)
• Some atoms tend to lose electrons
to become more stable.

The metallic atoms

*
positive
lose electrons, resulting in ________________________ ions.

Magnesium 2 electrons, forming the ion ______

* atoms tend to lose ____
* Mg2+
Al3+
3 electrons, forming the ion ______
Aluminium atoms tend to lose ____
 • Some atoms tend to gain
electrons to become more stable.

The non-metallic atoms

* gain electrons, resulting in ______________________
__________ negative ions.

Oxygen atoms
*
* gain ____
tend to __________ O
2 electrons, forming the ion ______
2-

gain ____
Chlorine atoms tend to __________ Cl-
1 electron, forming the ion ______
• Some atoms tend to lose electrons • Some atoms tend to gain
to become more stable. electrons to become more stable.

What happens if we put them together?

*

*
*
 Non-
Metal metal

What happens if we put them together?

*

*
*
 𝑒− Non-
Metal metal

What happens if we put them together?

Non-metals take electrons from metals.
*

*
*
 Non-
Metal metal

What happens if we put them together?

Non-metals take electrons from metals.
*

*
*
 Metal Non-
metal

What happens if we put them together?

Non-metals take electrons from metals.
*

A compound is formed with the ions.

*
*
 Metal Non-
metal

So, what do we call this compound?

 Naming compounds (Chemical nomenclature)
Metal Non- Binary compounds with ionic bonding
metal Chemical name: ‘metallic element (first)’ ‘non-metallic element (suffix -ide)’

Examples: sodium + chlorine: Sodium chloride (All binary

compounds)

So, what do we call this compound?

 Naming compounds (Chemical nomenclature)
Metal Non- Binary compounds with ionic bonding
metal Chemical name: ‘metallic element (first)’ ‘non-metallic element (suffix -ide)’

Examples: sodium + chlorine: Sodium chloride

Magnesium oxide
Magnesium + oxygen compound: _________________________________
Potassium nitride
Potassium + nitrogen compound: _________________________________

Aluminium sulphide
Aluminium + Sulphur compound: _________________________________
Barium iodide
Barium + Iodine compound: _________________________________
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine
Throw them together:
Lewis
Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Ion
Na Cl
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine
Throw them together:
Lewis
Na Cl -
+
Na Cl
+ -
Ion
Na Cl
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine → Sodium chloride

Lewis
Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Ion
Na Cl

Ion charges balance – Compound is neutral

Combining Atoms to make Compounds:
But I want
2) Lithium + Oxygen 2 electrons

Lewis
Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Ion
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen Much better!

Lewis
Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Ion
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen

+
Lewis
Li O Li 2-

+
O
+ 2-
Li
Ion
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen → Lithium oxide

Lewis
Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Ion
Li O
2

Ion charges balance – Compound is neutral

Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine I’d like to lose

I’ll only take
3 electrons
1 electron

Lewis
Al F F
Al
3+ - F I’ll take 1
Ion
Al F
F
Me too!
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine

-
Lewis
Al F F
3+
Al -
3+ - F
Ion
Al F -
F
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine → Aluminium Fluoride

Lewis
Al F F
Al
3+ - F
Ion
Al F
F
3
 How the periodic table was really made

*
*
 How the periodic table was really made

*
*